Erosion and Sediment Pollution Control Program Manual.pdf

Aeration -----Mixing water with air.
Aerial Photo -----Photograph taken from an airplane.
Aerial Survey -----Survey taken from aerial photos.
Aerification -----A mechanical process used to cultivate the soil without destruction of the turf.
Aerobic -----Requiring oxygen (e.g. bacteria that function in the presence of free dissolved oxygen).
AF -----Acre-feet.
Ag Lime -----Crushed limestone, used to raise the pH of acid soils.
Agency Programmatic Permits -----Chapter 105 permits issued to certain Commonwealth agencies
for maintenance activities located in or along various streams within the Commonwealth.
Agent -----Anyone who has the authority to act on the behalf of another, representing the business
interests of that person.
Agglomeration -----The uniting of dispersed suspended matter into larger flocs or particles that settle
rapidly.
Aggradation -----The excessive accumulation of sediment that results in raising streambed elevation.
Aggregate -----Hard, tough, durable, particles, reasonably free from silt, clay, and vegetation. Coarse
aggregates — those retained on a No. 4 sieve — are often used as filter stone.
Aggregate, Coarse -----Aggregates ¼” diameter or larger. (See Table 6.6)
Aggregate, Fine -----Those passing a No. 4 sieve but retained on a No. 200 sieve. (See Table 6.6)
Aggregate, Lightweight -----Aggregate having a dry density of 70 lb/ft 3 or less.
Agreement of Sale -----Document detailing the terms and sale price of a transaction, along with a
description of the property and any time limits.
Agricultural Crossing -----A stream crossing installed for purposes of gaining access to a field or
orchard for agricultural operations. A GP-6 is required.
Agricultural Extension Service -----A state agency responsible for soil and water conservation
information and education.
Agricultural Land Use -----Cropland, pasture, orchards, vineyards, nurseries, horticulture areas,
confined animal feeding operation, fallow fields, reverting cropland or pasture/field (can include
scrub shrub land).
Agricultural Limestone -----Ground limestone containing sufficient calcium and magnesium carbonate
to be equivalent to not less than 80 percent calcium carbonate and fine enough to pass not less
than 90 percent through a U.S. Standard No. 10 sieve and not less than 35 percent through a
No. 50 sieve.
Agricultural Operation -----The management and use of farming resources for production of crops,
livestock, or poultry, or for equine activity.
Agricultural Plowing or Tilling -----1. Earth disturbance activity involving the preparation and
maintenance of soil for the production of agricultural crops. 2. The term includes no-till cropping
methods which are the practice of planting crops with minimal mechanical tillage.
Agricultural Property -----Land zoned for use in farming, including raising of crops and livestock.
Agricultural Ramp -----The stabilization of a stream bank with stone or timber to provide protection of
the stream bank from livestock and agricultural equipment use.
Algae -----Simple photosynthetic plants having neither roots, stems, nor leaves.
Algal Bloom -----1. Rapid growth of algae on the surface of lakes, streams, or ponds; stimulated by
nutrient enrichment. 2. A heavy growth of algae in and on a body of water as a result of high
phosphate concentration such as from fertilizers and detergents. It is associated with
Eutrophication and results in a deterioration in water quality.
Alidade -----Upper part of a transit or telescopic instrument used to take bearings.
Alkaline Soil -----Soil with a pH above 7.0.
Alkalinity -----The ability of a substance to neutralize an acid.
Along -----Touching or contiguous; to be in contact with; to abut upon.
Allowable Fish Passage Velocity -----The maximum velocity fish can tolerate when passing upstream
through a culvert.
Allowable Headwater Elevation -----The maximum permissible elevation of the headwater at a culvert
at the design discharge.
Alluvial Deposit -----Material deposited by a stream or other body of running water.
Alluvial Soil -----Soil developed from transported and relatively recently deposited material (alluvium).
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