Women’s equality in the UK – A health check

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12.29 12.30 12.31 12.32 12.33 also reported that migrant sex workers find it difficult to access timely and free termination of pregnancies. 62 (See Article 6 for further information) Young women’s health Teenage girls and young women are at particular risk of traumatic experiences such as sexual abuse, rape and DV 63 and research shows women aged 16-19 are at the highest risk of experiencing DV and sexual assault, yet relevant services are rarely available. 64 Girls self-harm almost four times more than boys 65 and one in three is unhappy with how they look. 66 Young women are also twice as likely as young men to suffer a depressive disorder, like women in general. Research 67 has found that most BMER young women only sought help from a GP as the last resort. Some BMER young women did feel able to talk to their GP about health problems or experiences of violence or abuse – this was the case particularly if the GP was a woman or young, but not when they were an older male, particularly if they were from within the community or a family friend. Unfortunately, there have been instances where GPs have breached confidentiality, resulting in a young woman being at risk of further violence. Older women’s health The EHRC Triennial Review 2010 identified that women are more likely to live their last years in ill health. 68 Although women have a longer life expectancy than men, they spend more years of their lives suffering from physical ill health or longer-term disability leading to restrictions in mobility and inability to care for themselves. 69 For example, women are much more likely than men to suffer arthritis and rheumatism - the most common types of chronic diseases in the UK. 70 Older women are particularly vulnerable to the factors leading to poor mental health including poverty, social isolation, chronic illness and they are more likely to have to live in care, and deal with the loss of loved ones. Older women have higher rates of mental health problems than men; in fact women aged 50 to 54 have the highest prevalence rates for any neurotic disorder (25%). 71 62. Maternity Action (2012) Guidance for Commissioning Health Services for Vulnerable Migrant Women. WHEC: London http://www. maternityaction.org.uk/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderfiles/guidancecommissioninghealthservvulnmigrantwomen2012.pdf 63. Department of Health (2002) Women’s mental health: into the mainstream, Strategic development of mental healthcare for women. DoH: London http://www.nmhdu.org.uk/silo/files/into-the-mainstream.pdf 64. Starmer, K. (2011) ‘Domestic Violence: the facts, the issues, the future’ a speech by the Director of Public Prosecutions, Keir Starmer QC, 12th April 2011 http://www.cps.gov.uk/news/articles/domestic_violence_-_the_facts_the_issues_the_future/ See for example 65. O’Connor, R. et al. (2009) Self-harm in adolescents: Self-report survey in schools in Scotland. University of Stirling http://bjp.rcpsych.org/ content/194/1/68.short 66. The Daily Mail (2013) ‘How one girl in three doesn’t like her looks compared to a fifth of boys’, The Daily Mail Online, 4th April 2013 http:// www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2304209/How-girl-doesnt-like-looks-compared-fifth-boys.html 67. Ng, P. (2010) Dispelling myths, speaking truths: Focus groups findings on the experiences, needs and aspirations of young BAMER women living in the UK. Imkaan: London https://www.dropbox.com/sh/4zq0jgk4xyez91i/OHBb9uELBr/Dispelling%20Myths%20Speaking%20 Truths%20-%20Focus%20Group%20Findings.pdf 68. Equality and Human Rights Commission (2010) How fair is Britain? The report of our first Triennial Review. http://www.equalityhumanrights. com/key-projects/how-fair-is-britain 69. National Mental Health Development Unit (2010) Factfile 5: Equalities in Mental Health http://www.nmhdu.org.uk/silo/files/nmhdufactfile-5.pdf 70. Office for National Statistics (2008) Focus on Gender, September 2008. ONS: London http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/social-trends-rd/ focus-on-gender/september-2008/index.html 71. Office for National Statistics (2000) Psychiatric morbidity among adults living in private households, 2000 http://webarchive. nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/PublicationsStatistics/DH_4019414 118 Women’s equality in the UK: CEDAW shadow report 2013
12.34 12.35 12.36 12.37 Older women have reported increased pressure on health and social care services as health and Local Authorities struggle with reduced budgets. Not only is access to services an issue, concerns have also been expressed about quality. 72 This has been confirmed in the EHRC inquiry 73 into domiciliary care in England and Wales. Older women are less likely to be referred for treatment or to be given the appropriate treatment once referred. This applies for a range of conditions including cancer, heart disease and stroke. 74 The Health Service Ombudsman’s report 75 in February 2011 outlined ten illustrative cases of seriously poor or negligent care breaching older people’s human rights. 76 Case Study: 77 “Carers and patients are unable to establish relationships (with the professionals) and patients just feel like a commodity.” Scottish older woman. Recommendation: Ensure that the education and training of all health and social care professionals includes awareness of, and the specialist skills needed, to enable them to respond to the needs of an ageing population Carer’s health Carers, 58% of whom are women, are more likely to suffer from physical and mental health problems 78 and are twice as likely to be ‘permanently sick or disabled’. 79 People caring for 50 hours a week or more are twice as likely to be in poor health as those not caring, while 27% of those caring for more than 20 hours a week report mental health problems. 80 Over 50% of women will be carers before they are 60 and are more likely than men to give up paid work to care. Eating disorders One in every 20 women will experience some form of eating distress during her lifetime, with the majority of sufferers aged between 14 and 25. 81 Nearly 1% of women in the UK between 72. Sclater, E. (2012) NGO Thematic Shadow Report: Older Women’s Rights in the United Kingdom. Older Women’s Network, Europe and National Alliance of Women’s Organisations http://thewomensresourcecentre.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/ olderwomensrightsukNGOthematic.pdf 73. Equality and Human Rights Commission (2011) Close to Home: An inquiry into older people and human rights in home care. EHRC: London http://www.equalityhumanrights.com/legal-and-policy/inquiries-and-assessments/inquiry-into-home-care-of-older-people/close-tohome-report/ 74. Sclater, E. (2012) NGO Thematic Shadow Report: Older Women’s Rights in the United Kingdom. Older Women’s Network, Europe and National Alliance of Women’s Organisations http://thewomensresourcecentre.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/ olderwomensrightsukNGOthematic.pdf 75. Health Service Ombudsman (2011) Care and Compassion? Report of the Health Service Ombudsman on ten investigations into NHS care of older people. http://www.ombudsman.org.uk/care-and-compassion 76. For further information on older women’s health see Sclater, E. (2012) NGO Thematic Shadow Report: Older Women’s Rights in the United Kingdom. Older Women’s Network, Europe and National Alliance of Women’s Organisations http://thewomensresourcecentre.org.uk/wpcontent/uploads/olderwomensrightsukNGOthematic.pdf 77. Sclater, E. (2012) NGO Thematic Shadow Report: Older Women’s Rights in the United Kingdom. Older Women’s Network, Europe and National Alliance of Women’s Organisations http://thewomensresourcecentre.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/ olderwomensrightsukNGOthematic.pdf 78. Carer’s UK, Statistics and facts about carers http://www.carersuk.org/newsroom/stats-and-facts Accessed: 13/04/13 79. Carer’s UK, Statistics and facts about carers http://www.carersuk.org/newsroom/stats-and-facts Accessed: 13/04/13 80. Stephenson, M. and Harrison, J. (2011) Unravelling Equality: A Human Rights and Equality Impact Assessment of the Spending Cuts on Women in Coventry. A Joint Report of the Centre for Human Rights in Practice, University of Warwick and Coventry Women’s Voices http:// www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/law/chrp/projectss/humanrightsimpactassessments/cwv/ 81. Mind, Understanding eating problems http://www.mind.org.uk/mental_health_a-z/7978_understanding_eating_problems Accessed 13/04/13 Women’s equality in the UK: CEDAW shadow report 2013 119
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Women’s equality in the UK - A he
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Women’s equality in the UK - A he
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Appendices (online only) Appendix 1
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• the continued discrimination ag
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• Develop a common model of analy
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Article 9 - Nationality: One third
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investment in social infrastructure
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and increase the marginalisation of
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have been no prosecutions in Englan
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1 2 3 4 5 Introduction This is a Un
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10 11 12 13 housing crisis, a ‘lo
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1.1 1.2 1.3 Article 1 - Overarching
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1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 1.11 1.12 Women’
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1.17 1.18 1.19 Young women We are a
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2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 consult to “remov
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2.12 2.13 discrimination”. Howeve
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2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 2.21 worsen gen
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2.26 2.27 2.28 2.29 CEDAW and the l
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3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 would “increase
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3.15 3.16 3.17 and accountable EHRC
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3.22 3.23 3.24 report is was partic
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classes, migrants, and Gypsy, Trave
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the institutional discrimination an
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5.5 5.6 5.7 Case study: 8 Sandra li
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5.12 5.13 5.14 issue. A more approp
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6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Article 6 - Exploit
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6.9 6.10 6.11 to the protection and
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6.15 6.16 6.17 6.18 Office’s own
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6.24 6.25 6.26 women and increase t
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6.31 6.32 6.33 6.34 infrequent lap
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7.1 7.2 Article 7 - Political and p
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7.7 7.8 7.9 7.10 The House of Lords
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7.13 7.14 7.15 7.16 7.17 Recommenda
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Page 69 and 70: 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 Article
Page 71 and 72: 9.9 9.10 Mainstreaming gender in th
Page 73 and 74: 9.15 9.16 9.17 biased views towards
Page 75 and 76: 9.21 9.22 9.23 9.24 women. 47 (See
Page 77 and 78: 9.28 9.29 9.30 9.31 New family migr
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Page 81 and 82: 9.39 9.40 9.41 9.42 • Do not redu
Page 83 and 84: 9.46 Research on immigration case m
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Page 89 and 90: 10.22 10.23 allow speakers to promo
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Page 93 and 94: 10.37 10.38 10.39 10.40 • Many wo
Page 95 and 96: 10.46 10.47 10.48 applications (fig
Page 97 and 98: 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 Article 11 - Em
Page 99 and 100: 11.8 11.9 are 754,000 women working
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Page 105 and 106: 11.31 11.32 11.33 Introducing more
Page 107 and 108: 11.37 11.38 Case study: 83 Jasmine
Page 109 and 110: 11.42 11.43 11.44 11.45 At the 2012
Page 111 and 112: 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 of women and en
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Page 115 and 116: 12.19 12.20 12.21 12.22 Barriers to
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Page 123 and 124: 12.47 12.48 12.49 12.50 they are at
Page 125 and 126: 12.55 12.56 12.57 Case studies: 128
Page 127 and 128: 12.60 12.61 12.62 12.63 12.64 hospi
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Page 133 and 134: 13.17 13.18 13.19 13.20 Welfare ref
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Page 137 and 138: 13.32 13.33 Case study: 57 “As a
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Page 143 and 144: 13.47 13.48 BME women would be left
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Page 149 and 150: 14.6 14.7 14.8 disabled and lesbian
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Page 159 and 160: 15.28 15.29 15.30 15.31 has not pro
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Recommendations: • Parents with c
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19.6 19.7 19.8 as well as for our c
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19.13 19.14 19.15 19.16 The Governm
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19.22 19.23 19.24 19.25 VAWG is a c
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19.30 19.31 19.32 19.33 DV is still
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19.38 19.39 19.40 perpetrators thro
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19.43 19.44 19.45 Support for victi
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19.49 19.50 19.51 19.52 Recommendat
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19.57 19.58 19.59 19.60 BMER VAWG p
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19.62 19.63 19.64 19.65 VAWG in hea
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19.70 19.71 19.72 Invisibility of s
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19.77 19.78 19.79 A number of repor
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19.85 19.86 means more provision. T
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Annex 1: The Devolved Administratio
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to 41.8% of rural men. 16 Rural are
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Annex 2: The UK’s relationship wi
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Annex 3: UK reservations and declar
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ESA - Employment and Support Allowa
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Annex 5: Acknowledgements Many than
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Women’s Resource Centre is suppor
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