Ethnic Hostility among Ethnic Majority and Minority Groups

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the worsening economic conditions on the islands. Due to the strong trend towards (self)selective migration favouring the lower educated we expect that: The educational achievements of fi rst generation Antillean immigrants of subsequent birth cohorts will have decreased compared to Antilleans of second generational status. 5.4 DATA AND MEASUREMENTS We used data from the social position, and use of welfare facilities by immigrants surveys (SPVA), waves 1988, 1991, 1994, 1998 and 2002 (Groeneveld & Weyers-Martens, 2003; Martens, 1995, 1999; Martens, Roelandt, & Veenman, 1992). The SPVA is a household survey of Turkish, Moroccan, Surinamese and Antilleans ethnic minorities and a native Dutch reference group and was conducted in 13 municipalities in the Netherlands – among which Amsterdam, Rotterdam and The Hague – in which the majority of the Dutch ethnic minority members live. The SPVA contains to a high extent a representative selection of members of the respective ethnic minority groups with regard to age, gender, marital status and nationality. The SPVA Dutch control group is not a perfect representative selection of native Dutch residents with regard to fi nal educational attainment. Data of the Dutch Labour Force Survey (LFS 1991, 1994, 1998 and 2002) were used to reduce this non-representivity. 2 5. Trends in Ethnic Educational Inequality | Data and measurements With regard to the description of the fi nal education levels across ethnic groups, we followed the usual procedure to restrict the sample to respondents who were aged 25 or above at the time of the survey. We thereby did not favour young drop-outs and students who followed a short educational track. In the school transition analyses we only selected respondents who successfully fi nished their previous educational track. In the school transition analyses we included generational status as an explanatory variable. Since second generation immigrants only became a part of the Dutch society from the 1960s and onwards, we only selected those respondents who were born after 1959. Final educational attainment was measured in 8 categories (0) no education, or not completed elementary school ‘
education and father’s job status when the respondent was 15. Parental education is the highest educational level attained by either parent. When we did not have information on both parents we used the educational level of the parent we had information on. Missing values were substituted with mean scores per ethnic group per survey year. We categorised parental educational levels as (0) primary education (i.e. ‘
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ETHNIC HOSTILITY AMONG ETHNIC MAJOR
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Promotores: prof. dr. N. D. de Graa
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Science is so much more fun when yo
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3.4.1 Opposition to ethnic intermar
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8.3.1 Theoretical implications for
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1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 NEW QUESTIONS 1
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1. Introduction | New questions ski
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1. Introduction | The setting of th
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1. Introduction | Research question
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Table 1.1 Outline of empirical chap
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1. Introduction | Notes 27
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2. SOCIAL MOBILITY AND ETHNIC HOSTI
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2. Social Mobility and Ethnic Hosti
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social conformity favour more toler
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e more important than the infl uenc
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2.4 RESULTS 2. Social Mobility and
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Page 51 and 52: 1987). Assessment of the importance
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Page 57 and 58: seven categories: no-religion, Roma
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Page 61 and 62: Table 3.1 Hierarchical linear inter
Page 63 and 64: Table 3.2 Hierarchical linear inter
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Page 67 and 68: Table 3.3 Comparison of explanatory
Page 69 and 70: 3.5 CONCLUSIONS We observed a weak
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Page 76 and 77: unit such as states or countries, w
Page 78 and 79: 4. The Local Living Environment and
Page 84 and 85: 4.4 RESULTS 4. The Local Living Env
Page 86 and 87: Table 4.2 continued Household compo
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Page 96 and 97: 5. TRENDS IN ETHNIC EDUCATIONAL INE
Page 98 and 99: 5. Trends in Ethnic Educational Ine
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Page 112 and 113: Table 5.4 continued Male (Female= r
Page 118 and 119: 6. EXPLANATIONS FOR ETHNIC EDUCATIO
Page 120 and 121: To answer our research questions, w
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Page 126 and 127: Table 6.1 continued Pre-university
Page 130 and 131: Table 6.2 continued Lower general t
Page 138 and 139: Model 4 includes both the ability m
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Page 148 and 149: 7. Educational Attainment and Ethni
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Table 7.1 Summary of hypotheses Cor
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7. Educational Attainment and Ethni
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Table 7.2 continued Control variabl
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Table 7.3 continued 2nd gen. Turks
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Table 7.4 continued 2nd gen. Turks
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8. CONCLUSION 8.1 INTRODUCTION 8. C
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8.2 QUESTIONS, RESULTS AND CONCLUSI
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8. Conclusion | Questions, results
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local living environments (on ethni
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8. Conclusion | Theoretical implica
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ethnic hosting threat contact / res
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8. Conclusion | Retrospect and pros
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8. Conclusion | Notes 195
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APPENDIX Appendix 197
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APPENDIX 2.2 DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
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Appendix 2.3 continued Mobility typ
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APPENDIX 2.4 TUTORIAL DIAGONAL MOBI
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*********MEANS and OLS***********.
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impact on depY. *The relative impac
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Appendix *The impact of the destina
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vector d = d1 to d6. vector p = p1
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*and with constraints our model wou
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Appendix 215
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Appendix 3.1 continued father’s s
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APPENDIX 3.3 OPPOSITION TO ETHNIC I
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Appendix Appendix 4.1 continued Eco
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Appendix APPENDIX 4.3 VARIANCE COMP
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Appendix 5.1 continued Ethnicity N
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APPENDIX 5.3 ROBUSTNESS OF ES ASSOC
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Appendix APPENDIX 5.5 MULTI-NOMINAL
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Appendix 7.1 continued 2nd gen. 2nd
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Appendix 233
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Bibliography Abu-Rayya
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Bibliography Buijs, F. J., Demant,
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Bibliography (pp. 345-383). Oxford:
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Bibliography euthanasia, homosexual
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Bibliography Onderzoek (ISEO). Mart
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Bibliography Politics, 58(1), 41-72
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Bibliography Worchel (Eds.), The so
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Bibliography 249
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Summary in Dutch / Nederlandstalige
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CURRICULUM VITAE Curriculum Vitae J
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ICS DISSERTATION SERIES ICS dissert
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ICS dissertation series 37) Andreas
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ICS dissertation series 76) Inge Si
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ICS dissertation series 115) Martin
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Why do some individuals express mor
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Ethnic Hostility among Ethnic Majority and Minority Groups

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