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THE ANIMAL SYSTEM. 109
expression. The capacity of receiving should exactly
balance the activity and power of doing; and both must
be governed by the central faculty of being.
We have no name to express the aggregate of the
cerebral powers, or functions. Mind is applied espe
cially to the intellectual powers. Soul and spirit have
been used so much in theological senses, and with ref
erence to particular religious ideas, that they have lost
their definite meanings. We want a word which shall
express the central, spiritual power, made up of percep
tion, thought, passion, and will, which over presides the
animal functions of man. The best word we have is
soul, and, in its true and deepest sense, it is sufficient
for our purpose.
According to Fourier, who, as a profound analyzer
of human nature, is always to be quoted with respect,
the soul has twelve passions, divided into three groups.
1. The five sensuous attractions or passions: sight,
hearing, taste, smell, touch.
2. The four affections: friendship, love, familism,
ambition.
3. The three distributive passions : emulation, alter
nation, cumulation.
Pivot, UNITYISM.
In this classification, we have no arrangement of in
tellectual faculties, and we have passions which seem
to me to be the results of the combination of several
sentiments, while others are not taken into account.
The classification of the powers of the soul, by the
phrenologists, though it was at first superficial and in
complete,
seems to me to be the result of the most
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