Annual Progress Report on Malting Barley Research March, 2002

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98 Manoharan, M., L. Dahleen and T. Hohn. 2001. Transformation of a commercial barley cultivar with genes for resistance to Fusarium head blight. American Society of Agronomy Abstracts. Manoharan, M., L. Dahleen and T. Hohn. 2001. Transformation of a commercial barley cultivar with genes for resistance to Fusarium head blight. National Fusarium Head Blight Proceedings. p. 21. Table 1. Field and greenhouse tests of transgenic barley containing Tri101 (1-1, 1-2, 1-3) or PDR5 (2-1, 2-2). Average FHB Average Average Average Seed Event Line Location Infection Height DON Weight Conlon Average Field 13% 93 cm 14 ppm 83 grams Conlon Average Greenhouse-1 19 - - - Greenhouse-2 22 - - - 1-1 Average Field 14 86 16 59 1-1R1 Field 11 90 11 59 1-1R1 Greenhouse-2 5 - - - 1-1R2 Field 13 93 13 62 1-1R2 Greenhouse-2 9 - - - 1-2 Average Field 10 88 30 58 1-2R1 Field 13 86 22 59 1-2R1 Greenhouse-2 9 - - - 1-2R2 Field 11 91 17 69 1-2R2 Greenhouse-2 9 - - - 1-3 Average Field 9 88 34 49 1-3R1 Field 5 83 27 45 1-3R1 Greenhouse-2 9 - - - 1-3R2 Field 11 90 19 61 1-3R2 Greenhouse-2 7 - - - 2-1 Average Field 7 88 14 63 2-1R1 Field 7 82 10 71 2-1R1 Greenhouse-1 2 - - - 2-1R2 Field 9 89 14 61 2-1R2 Greenhouse-1 5 - - - 2-2 Average Field 7 90 13 63 2-2R1 Field 5 88 9 72 2-2R1 Greenhouse-1 5 - - - 2-2R2 Field 5 88 7 77 2-2R2 Greenhouse-1 8 - - - Field averages are from both reps of 10 lines/event; Greenhouse data from 10 pots with two plants/pot. FHB was rated on 10 spikes/row in the field and 3 spikes/pot in the greenhouse. Seed weight was measured on 100 spikes/row.
99 DEVELOPING BARLEY TISSUE CULTURE SYSTEMS TO IMPROVE PLANT REGENERATION AND REDUCE SOMACLONAL VARIATION Lynn S. Dahleen and Phil Bregitzer USDA-ARS, Fargo, ND and Aberdeen, ID A concerted effort to optimize tissue culture conditions for Harrington and Morex has resulted in significant improvements in plant regeneration from tissues of these important cultivars (see previous AMBA reports; Dahleen and Bregitzer, 2002). In addition, these media improvements are applicable to many other tested cultivars of diverse pedigree, with plant regeneration increases averaging 15-fold that obtained on the original media. Vigorous regeneration is critical to successful transformation of barley cultivars, and the improved techniques have been used to recover transgenic plants from several difficult-to-transform cultivars, including Morex (Bregitzer et al., 2000). Previous systems were very genotype-dependent (Wan and Lemaux, 1994), and the use of unimproved culture systems has confined many transformation efforts to amenable cultivars such as Golden Promise. Major efforts to introduce antifungal protein genes into elite malting cultivars are underway (Bregitzer, Dahleen, Lemaux, research in progress). It is expected that direct transformation of six-rowed cultivars will assist in screening for FHB resistance. In addition to facilitating the transformation of elite cultivars, improvements in plant regeneration may be associated with reductions in somaclonal variation (SCV). In a study of three different types of barley tissues, it was found that plants regenerated from highly differentiated, meristematic tissues (which have superior regeneration characteristics) were agronomically superior to plants regenerated from relatively undifferentiated, embryogenic cultures (Bregitzer et al., 2002). Preliminary information regarding this study can also be found in our 1999 report to AMBA. These studies did not, however, address the relative importance of increased differentiation, versus the changes in media formulations that are critical to creating and maintaining the meristematic tissues. Interestingly, although 6-benzylamino purine (BAP) is of critical importance to the successful production and maintenance of meristematic tissues, it can be used also in the less differentiated, embryogenic tissues that have been used to develop our improved medium. Thus, it was of interest to determine if the inclusion of BAP at low levels could have a role in reducing SCV, Although we are pleased with our progress towards a genotype-independent, nonmutagenic tissue culture and transformation system for barley, we wished to further investigate potentially useful media modifications and their role in reducing SCV. Two objectives were pursued in the last year: 1) Investigate the influence of silicon on plant regeneration. Briefly, the justification for these experiments is that silicon is not considered an essential nutrient and is routinely omitted from common media formulations despite evidence that silicon has a major role in plant growth and development (Epstein, 1999). 2) Determine if plants regenerated from our improved tissue culture media were agronomically superior to those regenerated from the original media.
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Annual Pro
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-i- INTRODUCTION The March 2002 <st
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Barley Transformation G.J. Muehlbau
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1 2000/2001 WINTER NURSERY: BARLEY
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3 2001 Barley Stripe Rust Screening
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5 Triumph/Tyra//Arupo, a selection
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7 Washington (Fossum Cereals and Wa
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9 This project is supported by the
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11 ‘Triumph’, ‘Valier’, ‘
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13 Table 2. Agronomic data for sele
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15 Table 4. Agronomic data for sele
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17 Table 8. Malting quality data* f
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19 Six-rowed barley selections of c
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21 Table 14. Agronomic data for sel
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23 Table 16. Agronomic data for win
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25 Table 19. Malting quality data*
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Garnet/98Ab11865 Garnet/98Ab12895 9
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29 rust resistant NSGC accessions o
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31 DEVELOPMENT OF SIX-ROWED MALTING
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33 backcrossing. The selfed lines w
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35 MINNESOTA BARLEY IMPROVEMENT PRO
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37 ADVANCED LINE EVALUATION Varieti
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39 OTHER BARLEY DISEASES In 2001, r
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41 Wingbermuehle, W. J., K.M. Belin
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43 In 2001 winter/spring, over 300
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45 assessments were made by countin
Page 55 and 56: 47 IDENTIFICATION OF NOVEL DISEASE
Page 57 and 58: 49 Unfortunately, disease levels in
Page 59 and 60: 51 BARLEY TRANSFORMATION G.J. Muehl
Page 61 and 62: 53 We have available the sugarcane
Page 63 and 64: 55 Secondly, we tried to grow F. gr
Page 65 and 66: 57 References: Issac, S. and Jennin
Page 67 and 68: 59 Huntley-dryland) with two replic
Page 69 and 70: 61 Table 2. 1992 thru 2001 Overall
Page 71 and 72: 63 performance for Montana farmers.
Page 73 and 74: 65 Blake, T,. Hensleigh P., Boss D.
Page 75 and 76: 67 settling tower cannot accommodat
Page 77 and 78: Table 3. Seedling reaction to strip
Page 79 and 80: 71 TWO-ROWED BARLEY IMPROVEMENT PRO
Page 81 and 82: Table 1. Agronomic trait comparison
Page 83 and 84: 75 mutants reduce plant vigor and g
Page 85 and 86: 77 SIX-ROWED BARLEY IMPROVEMENT PRO
Page 87 and 88: 79 this variety has decreased over
Page 89 and 90: Table 7. Malt quality comparisons o
Page 91 and 92: 83 • Management studies for malt
Page 93 and 94: 85 STUDIES ON BARLEY DISEASES AND T
Page 95 and 96: 87 With funding from the US Wheat a
Page 97 and 98: 89 MALTING AND BREWING QUALITY OF B
Page 99 and 100: 91 β-glucans, it might be most ins
Page 101 and 102: 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 93 Figure 1.
Page 103 and 104: 95 Bolin, P., Schwarz, P., Jones, B
Page 105: 97 Results Results from field and g
Page 109 and 110: 101 trials of plants regenerated fr
Page 111 and 112: 103 Table 2. Agronomic performance
Page 113 and 114: 105 BSMV spread between entries. Ho
Page 115 and 116: 107 involving two susceptible backg
Page 117 and 118: 109 THE OREGON BARLEY IMPROVEMENT P
Page 119 and 120: 111 for traits that are difficult/e
Page 121 and 122: Germplasm Development: 113 Crosses:
Page 123 and 124: 115 • All lines in spring yield t
Page 125 and 126: 117 Table 2. Agronomic data for Ore
Page 127 and 128: 119 Table 6. Malting quality of win
Page 129 and 130: 121 Table 7. Across location summar
Page 131 and 132: 123 MOLECULAR MARKER ASSISTED MODIF
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Page 135 and 136: 127 exchanges. Spring and winter ba
Page 137 and 138: 129 Table 2. 2000-2001 Agronomic Pe
Page 139 and 140: 131 Table 7. Spring 2- and 6-Row #
Page 141 and 142: 133 2. Direct Seeding Cropping Syst
Page 143 and 144: 135 D.M. Wesenberg - spring and win
Page 145 and 146: 137 A STUDY OF THE MALTING QUALITY
Page 147 and 148: 139 Methods. Our malting schedule.
Page 149 and 150: 141 modification measures indicated
Page 151 and 152: 143 CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PROTEIN
Page 153 and 154: 145 Purification of a serine endope
Page 155 and 156: 147 STUDIES ON THE PROTEINASES THAT
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149 with the proteinase T will be s
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151 10°C increase in thermostabili
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153 Sissons MJ and MacGregor AW (19
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µM Carbohydrate / Unit of α-Gluco
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157 Tissue-specific gene products f
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159 The promoters were subcloned fr
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161 Fig. 3. Expression of Trx-Hth f
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Annual Progress Report on Malting Barley Research March, 2002

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