LibreOffice 3.4 Calc Guide - The Document Foundation Wiki

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Each function has a number of arguments used in the calculations. These arguments may or may not have their own name. Your task is to enter the arguments needed to run the function. In some cases, the arguments have predefined choices, and you may need to refer to the online help or Appendix B (Description of Functions) in this book to understand them. More often, however, an argument is a value that you enter manually, or one already entered in a cell or range of cells on the spreadsheet. In Calc, you can enter values from other cells by typing in their name or range, or —unlike the case in some spreadsheets—by selecting cells with the mouse. If the values in the cells change, then the result of the function is automatically updated. For compatibility, functions and their arguments in Calc have almost identical names to their counterparts in Microsoft Excel. However, both Excel and Calc have functions that the other lacks. Occasionally, functions with the same names in Calc and Excel have different arguments, or slightly different names for the same argument—neither of which can be imported to the other. However, the majority of functions can be used in both Calc and Excel without any change. Understanding the structure of functions All functions have a similar structure. If you use the right tool for entering a function, you can escape learning this structure, but it is still worth knowing for troubleshooting. To give a typical example, the structure of a function to find cells that match entered search criteria is: = DCOUNT (Database,Database field,Search_criteria) Since a function cannot exist on its own, it must always be part of a formula. Consequently, even if the function represents the entire formula, there must be an = sign at the start of the formula. Regardless of where in the formula a function is, the function will start with its name, such as DCOUNT in the example above. After the name of the function comes its arguments. All arguments are required, unless specifically listed as optional. Arguments are added within the parentheses and are separated by commas, with no space between the arguments and the commas. Many arguments are numbers. A Calc function can take up to thirty numbers as an argument. That may not sound like much at first. However, when you realize that the number can be not only a number or a single cell, but also an array or range of cells that contain several or even hundreds of cells, then the apparent limitation vanishes. Depending on the nature of the function, arguments may be entered as follows: "text data" The quotes indicate text or string data is being entered. 9 The number nine is being entered as a number. "9" The number nine is being entered as text A1 The address for whatever is in Cell A1 is being entered Nested functions Functions can also be used as arguments within other functions. These are called nested functions. =SUM(2,PRODUCT(5,7)) To get an idea of what nested functions can do, imagine that you are designing a self-directed learning module. During the module, students do three quizzes, and enter the results in cells A1, A2, and A3. In A4, you can create a nested formula that begins by averaging the results of the quizzes with the formula =AVERAGE(A1:A3). 182 LibreOffice 3.4 Calc Guide
The formula then uses the IF function to give the student feedback that depends upon the average grade on the quizzes. The entire formula would read: =IF(AVERAGE(A1:A3) >85, "Congratulations! You are ready to advance to the next module", "Failed. Please review the material again. If necessary, contact your instructor for help") Depending on the average, the student would receive the message for either congratulations or failure. Notice that the nested formula for the average does not require its own equal sign. The one at the start of the equation is enough for both formulas. If you are new to spreadsheets, the best way to think of functions is as a scripting language. We've used simple examples to explain the concept more clearly, but, through nesting of functions, a Calc formula can quickly become complex. Note Calc keeps the syntax of a formula displayed in a tool tip next to the cell as a handy memory aid as you type. A more reliable method is to use the Function List (Figure 168). Figure 168: Function List docked to right side of Calc window Available from the Insert menu, the Function List automatically docks as a pane on the right side of the Calc editing window. If you wish, you can Control+double-click on a blank space at the top of the pane to undock this pane and make it a floating window. Chapter 7 Using Formulas and Functions 183
Page 1 and 2:
LibreOffice 3.4 Calc Guide Using Sp
Page 3 and 4:
Contents Copyright.................
Page 5 and 6:
Using print ranges.................
Page 7 and 8:
Note for Mac users.................
Page 9 and 10:
Who is this book for? Anyone who wa
Page 11 and 12:
What are all these things called? T
Page 13 and 14:
Chapter 1 Introducing Calc Using Sp
Page 15 and 16:
Figure 2: Parts of the Calc window
Page 17 and 18:
Moving toolbars To move a docked to
Page 19 and 20:
Formatting toolbar In the Formattin
Page 21 and 22:
Status bar The Calc status bar prov
Page 23 and 24:
Figure 15: LibreOffice Start Center
Page 25 and 26:
characters are used to separate the
Page 27 and 28:
Figure 18. Saving a spreadsheet in
Page 29 and 30:
Figure 20: Two levels of password p
Page 31 and 32:
Using the Tab and Enter keys • Pr
Page 33 and 34:
Figure 23. Sheet tab arrows Selecti
Page 35 and 36:
Selecting sheets You can select eit
Page 37 and 38:
• Click in an empty space at the
Page 39 and 40:
Deleting sheets Figure 28: Move/Cop
Page 41 and 42:
Figure 30 shows some frozen rows an
Page 43 and 44:
Tip Splitting the screen vertically
Page 45 and 46:
Tip Ranges, scenarios, pictures, an
Page 47 and 48:
Chapter 2 Entering, Editing, and Fo
Page 49 and 50:
Entering dates and times Select the
Page 51 and 52:
Caution Choices that are not availa
Page 53 and 54:
Using selection lists Selection lis
Page 55 and 56:
Figure 46: Defining input help for
Page 57 and 58:
Formatting multiple lines of text M
Page 59 and 60:
• Apply any of the data types in
Page 61 and 62:
Formatting the cell borders Figure
Page 63 and 64:
Before you format a sheet with a th
Page 65 and 66:
Hiding and showing data When elemen
Page 67 and 68:
Figure 64: Select Mrs from the Titl
Page 69 and 70:
Note Sorting records A maximum of e
Page 71 and 72:
Using the Find toolbar The Find too
Page 73 and 74:
Finding and replacing cell styles T
Page 75 and 76:
Chapter 3 Creating Charts and Graph
Page 77 and 78:
Next, open the Chart Wizard dialog
Page 79 and 80:
Selecting data series Figure 78: Am
Page 81 and 82:
Figure 80: Elements of 2D chart Fig
Page 83 and 84:
Figure 94 on page 97 shows examples
Page 85 and 86:
Formatting charts The Format menu h
Page 87 and 88:
You can also use the Transparency p
Page 89 and 90:
Figure 88: Setting the illumination
Page 91 and 92:
The other tabs on the dialog, Line,
Page 93 and 94:
To move a chart interactively: 1) C
Page 95 and 96:
Figure 94: Pie charts As the Chart
Page 97 and 98:
As shown in Figure 97, an area char
Page 99 and 100:
Bubble charts A bubble chart is a v
Page 101 and 102:
Figure 104: Adjusting data series f
Page 103 and 104:
Chapter 4 Using Styles and Template
Page 105 and 106:
Cell styles Similar to paragraph st
Page 107 and 108:
Using the Apply Style list You can
Page 109 and 110:
Category In Calc, the only option i
Page 111 and 112:
Borders The Border and Background t
Page 113 and 114:
Figure 114: Choosing to copy styles
Page 115 and 116:
Creating a template You can create
Page 117 and 118:
Caution Note If you choose Keep Old
Page 119 and 120:
Associating a spreadsheet with a di
Page 121 and 122:
Chapter 5 Using Graphics in Calc
Page 123 and 124:
3) On the Insert Picture dialog, na
Page 125 and 126:
Note Going the other way, from embe
Page 127 and 128: Figure 124: The Picture Toolbar Tab
Page 129 and 130: Caution Adjusting colors Applying L
Page 131 and 132: Resizing a bit-mapped (raster) imag
Page 133 and 134: Group To group images: 1) Select on
Page 135 and 136: If support for Asian languages has
Page 137 and 138: Calc provides several options to re
Page 139 and 140: Figure 133: The dialog to create or
Page 141 and 142: Quick printing Click the Print File
Page 143 and 144: Selecting sheets to print In additi
Page 145 and 146: 2) Select the cell range using the
Page 147 and 148: Defining a custom print range In ad
Page 149 and 150: Printing options setup in page styl
Page 151 and 152: From here you can also set the marg
Page 153 and 154: Controlling PDF content and quality
Page 155 and 156: Figure 149: Initial View page of PD
Page 157 and 158: Security page of PDF Options dialog
Page 159 and 160: 2) In your e-mail program, enter th
Page 161 and 162: Chapter 7 Using Formulas and Functi
Page 163 and 164: Figure 154: Error checking of formu
Page 165 and 166: Formula Description =AVERAGE(BloodS
Page 167 and 168: Taking this example further, if the
Page 169 and 170: Examples Figure 160: Reference Oper
Page 171 and 172: Figure 161: Relative references You
Page 173 and 174: Order of calculation Order of calcu
Page 175 and 176: Figure 163: Combining data from sev
Page 177: 6) Click Yes. You have now copied t
Page 181 and 182: Figure 170: Function Wizard after s
Page 183 and 184: Place a unique formula in each cell
Page 185 and 186: Figure 175: Division by zero soluti
Page 187 and 188: ) Initiate trace by clicking Trace
Page 189 and 190: Simple statistics Another common us
Page 191 and 192: determined by the closest multiple
Page 193 and 194: Advanced functions As is common wit
Page 195 and 196: Important note Unfortunately, due t
Page 197 and 198: Figure 180: Import settings Creatin
Page 199 and 200: For example, if you drag region and
Page 201 and 202: listing of the individual entry. If
Page 203 and 204: Figure 190: Original Pivot Table (t
Page 205 and 206: In the Subtotals section of the Dat
Page 207 and 208: determined mainly by the type of va
Page 209 and 210: You can change the default names fo
Page 211 and 212: Figure 213: Options for a row or co
Page 213 and 214: Filtering To limit the Pivot Table
Page 215 and 216: Figure 220: Formula reference to a
Page 217 and 218: Figure 223: Second syntax variation
Page 219 and 220: Introduction Once you are familiar
Page 221 and 222: Creating subtotals Subtotals are im
Page 223 and 224: You will appreciate this is a tedio
Page 225 and 226: Figure 233: Click the plus buttons
Page 227 and 228: 5) Optionally select or deselect th
Page 229 and 230:
Tracking values in scenarios Figure
Page 231 and 232:
Tip You may find it easier to mark
Page 233 and 234:
Multiple operations across rows and
Page 235 and 236:
Figure 243: Example setup for goal
Page 237 and 238:
Figure 246: The Solver dialog Figur
Page 239 and 240:
Why use multiple sheets? Chapter 1
Page 241 and 242:
To insert sheets and name them at t
Page 243 and 244:
2) Now, click on the sheet tab for
Page 245 and 246:
4) Switch back to the original spre
Page 247 and 248:
• Document: the hyperlink points
Page 249 and 250:
Figure 262: Using a Web Query to li
Page 251 and 252:
6) Select the required range or tab
Page 253 and 254:
Figure 269: Using the Name box to f
Page 255 and 256:
Viewing data sources Open a documen
Page 257 and 258:
Object Linking and Embedding (OLE)
Page 259 and 260:
Non-linked OLE object If the OLE ob
Page 261 and 262:
Chapter 11 Sharing and Reviewing Do
Page 263 and 264:
Opening a shared spreadsheet When y
Page 265 and 266:
Note It is not necessary to passwor
Page 267 and 268:
Figure 285: Comment dialog After yo
Page 269 and 270:
Formatting comments You can change
Page 271 and 272:
Figure 291: Accept or Reject change
Page 273 and 274:
Saving versions Most documents go t
Page 275 and 276:
Chapter 12 Calc Macros Automating r
Page 277 and 278:
7) Set the operation to Multiply an
Page 279 and 280:
args1(3).Name = "Transpose" args1(3
Page 281 and 282:
6) Select AuthorsCalcMacros and cli
Page 283 and 284:
Figure 311: The function is gone Wh
Page 285 and 286:
3) IsArray checks to see if the arg
Page 287 and 288:
Sorting Consider sorting the data i
Page 289 and 290:
Chapter 13 Calc as a Simple Databas
Page 291 and 292:
Associating a range with a name In
Page 293 and 294:
Table 14. com.sun.star.sheet.NamedR
Page 295 and 296:
A database range provides behavior
Page 297 and 298:
Caution When a cell is moved during
Page 299 and 300:
Figure 320: Use the standard filter
Page 301 and 302:
REM empty filter descriptor. oFilte
Page 303 and 304:
The filter created in Listing 17 fi
Page 305 and 306:
Function Description STDEVA Estimat
Page 307 and 308:
Search a block of data using VLOOKU
Page 309 and 310:
The formula =VLOOKUP(83; $Sheet2.$A
Page 311 and 312:
Listing 20. Better use of OFFSET. =
Page 313 and 314:
The database argument is the cell r
Page 315 and 316:
Introduction This chapter describes
Page 317 and 318:
Modify the color components as requ
Page 319 and 320:
Appearance options On the LibreOffi
Page 321 and 322:
VBA Properties Load/Save options On
Page 323 and 324:
General options for Calc In the Opt
Page 325 and 326:
Figure 333: Selecting view options
Page 327 and 328:
Figure 334: Calc calculation option
Page 329 and 330:
Sort Lists options In the Options d
Page 331 and 332:
Figure 339: Calc grid options Print
Page 333 and 334:
Figure 342: The Menus page of the C
Page 335 and 336:
Adding a command to a menu You can
Page 337 and 338:
The new toolbar now appears on the
Page 339 and 340:
Figure 347: Assigning a cell style
Page 341 and 342:
Appendix A Keyboard Shortcuts
Page 343 and 344:
Shortcut Keys Effect Ctrl+Up Arrow
Page 345 and 346:
Arrow key shortcuts Table 32. Arrow
Page 347 and 348:
Appendix B Description of Functions
Page 349 and 350:
Syntax Description ASINH(number) Re
Page 351 and 352:
Syntax Description PRODUCT(number 1
Page 353 and 354:
Accounting systems vary in the numb
Page 355 and 356:
Syntax Description CUMIPMT_ADD(rate
Page 357 and 358:
Syntax Description INTRATE(settleme
Page 359 and 360:
Syntax Description PMT(rate; NPER;
Page 361 and 362:
Syntax Description VDB(cost; salvag
Page 363 and 364:
Syntax Description CHIINV(number; d
Page 365 and 366:
Syntax Description INTERCEPT(data_Y
Page 367 and 368:
Syntax Description RANK(value; data
Page 369 and 370:
Caution Table 39: Data and time fun
Page 371 and 372:
Syntax Description WORKDAY(start_da
Page 373 and 374:
Syntax Description ISNA(value) Retu
Page 375 and 376:
Syntax Description DVAR(database; d
Page 377 and 378:
Syntax Description AREAS(reference)
Page 379 and 380:
Syntax Description OFFSET(reference
Page 381 and 382:
Syntax Description DECIMAL(text; ra
Page 383 and 384:
Syntax Description T(value) Convert
Page 385 and 386:
Syntax Description IMARGUMENT(compl
Page 387 and 388:
Introduction to Calc error codes Ca
Page 389 and 390:
General error codes The following t
Page 391 and 392:
400 LibreOffice 3.4 Calc Guide
Page 393 and 394:
formatting 87 formatting 3D 89 grap
Page 395 and 396:
INDEX 317 INDIRECT 316 informationa
Page 397 and 398:
general options 145 multiple pages
Page 399:
408 LibreOffice 3.4 Calc Guide
show all

LibreOffice 3.4 Calc Guide - The Document Foundation Wiki

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?