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Bestellungen bei: Europäische Akademie Bozen Viale Druso, 1 39100 Bozen - Italien Tel. +39 0471 055055 Fax +39 0471 055099 E-mail: press@eurac.edu Nachdruck und fotomechanische Wiedergabe – auch auszugsweise – nur unter Angabe der Quelle (Herausgeber und Titel) gestattet. Verantwortlicher Direktor: Stephan Ortner Redaktion: : Isabella Ties Koordination: : Isabella Ties Graphik und Umschlag: Marco Polenta Druck: Fotolito Longo Per ordinazioni: Accademia Europea Bolzano Drususallee, 1 39100 Bolzano - Italia Tel. +39 0471 055055 Fax +39 0471 055099 E-mail: press@eurac.edu Riproduzione parziale o totale del contenuto autorizzata soltanto con la citazione della fonte (titolo ed edizione). ISBN 88-88906-24-X Direttore responsabile: Stephan Ortner Redazione: Isabella Ties Coordinazione: Isabella Ties Grafica e copertina: Marco Polenta Stampa: Fotolito Longo
5 Index Preface ............................................................................................ 7 Spracherneuerung im Rätoromanischen: Linguistische, soziale und politische Aspekte ..............................................................................11 Clau Solèr Implementing NLP-Projects for Small Languages: Instructions for Funding Bodies, Strategies for Developers ..............................29 Oliver Streiter Un corpus per il sardo: problemi e perspettive ............................................45 Nicoletta Puddu The Relevance of Lesser-Used Languages for Theoretical Linguitics: The Case of Cimbrian and the Suport of the TITUS Corpus ...............................77 Ermenegildo Bidese, Cecilia Poletto and Alessandra Tomaselli Creating Word Class Tagged Corpora for Northern Sotho by Linguistically Informed Bootstrapping ...................................................97 Danie J. Prinsloo and Ulrich Heid A Comparison of Approaches to Word Class Tagging: Distinctively Versus Conjunctively Written Bantu Languages .......................... 117 Elsabé Taljard and Sonja E. Bosch Grammar-based Language Technology for the Sámi Languages ....................... 133 Trond Trosterud The Welsh National <strong>Online</strong> Terminology Database ....................................... 149 Dewi Bryn Jones and Delyth Prys SpeechCluster: A Speech Data Multitool................................................... 171 Ivan A. Uemlianin XNLRDF: The Open Source Framework for Multilingual Computing ................... 189 Oliver Streiter and Mathias Stuflesser Speech-to-Speech Translation for Catalan ................................................ 209 Victoria Arranz, Elisabet Comelles and David Farwell
Page 1: LULCL 2005 Proceedings of the Lesse
Page 6 and 7: Computing Non-Concatenative Morphol
Page 8 and 9: such as German in this special case
Page 10 and 11: The contributions underline the sig
Page 12 and 13: unumschränkte Verkehrs- und Verwal
Page 14 and 15: Nun gilt es zu erklären, wie die S
Page 16 and 17: Adjektive auf -abel, -ibel, -aivel,
Page 18 and 19: überzeugenden Vorschlägen auf der
Page 20 and 21: höheren Transparenz und der Nähe
Page 22 and 23: sie zu verwenden; gezwungen wird er
Page 24 and 25: einer sprachpolitischen Förderung
Page 26 and 27: 26 Bibliographie Ascoli, G.I. (1880
Page 29 and 30: Implementing NLP-Projects for Small
Page 31 and 32: • Small Languages Shouldn't Do So
Page 33 and 34: impossible to evaluate. Young resea
Page 35 and 36: esearch results available as free s
Page 37 and 38: Parallel corpora of Orwell’s 1984
Page 39 and 40: data would already have been lost (
Page 41 and 42: on local players only? A policy for
Page 43: “Traitement automatique des langu
Page 46 and 47: lingua nel modo in cui essa viene e
Page 48 and 49: Il SDC, data la totale assenza di a
Page 50 and 51: • l’annotazione linguistica, ch
Page 52 and 53: La header sarà esterna al CesDoc
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• nelle posizioni da 1 a n i valo
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Cfr. tabella 24 in appendice. 2.4 L
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SP su su Sp- SP stadiu stad
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3. Conclusioni In questo articolo a
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Ide, N. (2004). “Preparation and
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Tabella 1: Codici per le parti del
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Vaii3s- VAS3II hiat, fiat Vaii1p- V
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Vmg----a VMGA tzerriendidda Vmg----
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Tabella 9: e per la categoria “
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Tabella 11: e per la categoria
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Tabella 17: e per la categoria “
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The Relevance of Lesser-Used Langua
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(better known as the ‘short Cimbr
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(2) Haute die Mome hat gekoaft die
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(14b) ’az se nette ghenan vüar 3
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what-he says (30) ben-ig-en nox vin
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• No cases of proclisis to the in
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Second, syntactic change does not p
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91 Abbreviations Cat.1602 Cimbrian
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cimbra del XVI secolo. Final essay
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sincronica proiettata nella diacron
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Creating Word Class Tagged Corpora
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2b bo+ bomalome uncles 3 mo- monwan
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Table 4: Alternatives in Tagging th
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• Nouns and verbs can be guessed
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Tag category: Common noun, singular
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3.4 Verb Guesser In Table 3 above,
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Table 8: Sample Results of Noun Gue
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potential word class features. This
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and Bantu languages in general. It
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Poulos, G. & Louwrens, L.J. (1994).
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are available for these languages,
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demonstrative pronoun ba, preceding
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These different writing systems imp
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At this stage, it is important to n
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Concerning the tags used in the abo
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Figure 4: Multi-level Approach Towa
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6. Conclusion and Future Work In th
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Grammar-based Language Technology f
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Figure 1: Morphological Analysis of
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3.1 Choosing Between a ‘Top-down
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It goes without saying that we use
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Figure 4: Quote from cvs Log Using
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• We have made a project-internal
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others. By doing this, we hope that
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Karttunen, L., Kaplan, R.M. & Zaene
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academia, health, social services a
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home help (of service) cymorth cart
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4.2 Implementing TMF: a Simple Firs
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categories into the TBX structure w
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home help entryTerm singular hom
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Table 3: An Example Entry in the Te
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“ 16
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as WordFast. Cysgeir supports loadi
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Ultimately, the same structure and
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168 References “Cronfa Genedlaeth
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SpeechCluster: A Speech Data Multit
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that can be used by external develo
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Table 1: SpeechCluster command-line
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This task is a minor inconvenience
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esearcher/developers are able to us
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Line Code Fig. 2 Table 9: segfake i
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charge, and the models generated ca
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segFake’d training data with the
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187 References Black, A. W., Taylor
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XNLRDF: The Open Source Framework f
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categories are: the orthography, th
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2.1 Unicode and Characters: Upperca
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• The resource is not directly ac
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esource and the access to the resou
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5.2 The Names of Metadata Categorie
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Plate 4: A writing system (Thai) re
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7. Status of the Project and Future
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Writing Standard Sometimes the same
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language-archives.org/documents/ove
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of Cultures in Barcelona (with a ve
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3. Evaluation The evaluation perfor
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OK 1.19% 7.14% OK- 0% 5.96% Unaccep
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a price, asking for information abo
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4.3 Formality Feature In Catalan an
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SPA: Calle Pelayo SPA/CAT: Calle Pe
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Catalan. In each case, we described
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User’s Manual.” Technical Repor
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I begin with a brief overview of Ge
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• Scr - Screeve marker. This is a
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In many cases, the inflectional end
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“The man paints / is painting the
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• Lexical class-dependent screeve
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verbs whose lexical information is
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4.3 Level 2: Semi-regular Patterns
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substitute the appropriate roots in
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• Several types of exercises are
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244 References Anderson, S.R. (1992
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The Igbo Language and Computer Ling
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The overall conclusion from this ov
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2.2 The Computer Phase The computer
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product on the grounds that Alt-I c
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These programs are relatively theor
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In its Dataset component, the progr
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Figure 8: A Word Without Subdots in
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simply used the German umlauted vow
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263 References Adegbola, T. (2003).
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Annotation of Documents for Electro
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electronic corpora, regardless of w
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writing of Hebrew represented the o
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3.2 Automatic Generation of Electro
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There are two types of annotations:
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inspired by the relational model is
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In the context of this particular t
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Pédauque, R.T. (2003). “Document
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Il ladino fra polinomia e standardi
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Vocabolar todësch - ladin (Val Bad
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persone che si trovano a dover scri
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Fig. 6: Esempio di scheda di lemma
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2.4 I corpora elettronici Nell’am
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installazione automatica e di guida
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293 Bibliografia Bortolotti, E. & R
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Schmid, H. (2000). Criteri per la f
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del progetto sono effettivamente ri
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Oltre all’indubbio valore storico
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Questo tipo di attestazioni compren
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caso che, successivamente, lo spogl
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Stealth Learning with an Online Dog
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Figure 1: Colin and Cumberland - Th
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• Closed Pos croeseiriau (crosswo
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Mutations never occur in words when
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} } } { } if (word[x-1] == ‘N’)
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Figure 2: Screenshot showing Dic Pe
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In programming terms, this is done
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The old know, the young suppose A
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Figure 7: Pos Croeseiriau Screensho
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8. Results Figure 7: Screenshot of
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“Archif Melville Richards Histori
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Victoria Arranz (& Elisabet Comelle
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Luca Panieri Il progetto “Zimbarb
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Grammar-based language technology f
Page 336:
Gruffudd Prys Language Technologies
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