Thesis - faculty.ait.ac.th - Asian Institute of Technology

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COD (mg/L) 10000 9000 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 MLSS (mg/L) 16000 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 16 h HRT 24 h HRT 0 50 100 Time (Days) 150 200 Figure 4.24 Variation in COD at 16 and 24 h HRT 16 h HRT 24 h HRT 0 50 100 Time (Days) 150 200 Figure 4.25 Variation in MLSS at 16 and 24 h HRT 98
emoval of 38%. A higher removal in the present study could be due to the high concentration of biomass used. The COD removal at 16 and 24 h HRT with and without ammonia stripping is presented in Figure 4.26. From Figure 4.26, it is clear that the ammonia stripping improved the performance of COD removal of the BMBR much more than that of the YMBR system as anticipated from the toxicity studies. COD Removal (%) 100 95 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 Figure 4.26 COD Removal with and without Ammonia Stripping at 16 and 24 h HRT Figure 4.27 shows the expected improvement by ammonia stripping through biokinetic study and actual improvement for the influent ammonium concentration. Though, the expected improvement in terms of COD removal in the yeast system was low, the actual improvement was found to be much higher with 24 h HRT better than the 16 h HRT. The probable reason for this could be that the biokinetic studies were done at a low substrate concentration as compared to the actual simulated leachate. For the BMBR system, the improvements in the COD removal for 24 h HRT was as anticipated though lower for 16 h HRT. This is another indication to the fact that the system was more stabilized at 24 h HRT than at 16 h HRT. The standard deviation in the COD removal at 24 h HRT was 2 mg/L in the BMBR system. Thus, suggesting that in terms of COD removal was better at 24 h HRT. (2) BOD Removal Efficiency Without Ammonia Stripping With Ammonia Stripping BMBR-16h BMBR-24h YMBR-16h YMBR-24h As the study without ammonia stripping did not show a significant difference in the COD removal, BOD was monitored in both the effluents in addition to the COD while working on ammonia stripped leachate. The BOD data for 16 and 24 h HRT is presented in Figure 4.28 and 4.29. The BOD removal in both the BMBR and YMBR systems were above 94%. Ahn, et al. (2002) found that a leachate with BOD around 250 to 300 mg/L, BOD removal was 97%. Though the membrane bioreactor was moderately efficient in the removal of COD, the BOD removal was high. This shows that the membrane bioreactors are efficient in the removal of the degradable organics in the leachate and the probable 99
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APPLICATION OF MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR
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Abstract Landfill leachate is a com
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Table of Contents Chapter Title Pag
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4.5.6 Cost Analysis for Operation 1
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4.4 Effect of Free Ammonia Concentr
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4.16 COD Concentration in the Influ
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MWCO Molecular Weight Cut-off MWW M
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1.1 Background Chapter 1 Introducti
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generally unsuccessful in removal o
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2.1 Introduction Chapter 2 Literatu
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In the municipal solid waste landfi
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COD/TOC, VS/FS and VFA/TOC ratios o
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Table 2.3 presents the general leac
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Ground water 2.7.1 Seasonal Variati
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Table 2.5 Variation of COD, BOD & B
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entails the re-circulation of leach
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Table 2.8 Summary of Biokinetic Coe
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that extensive loss of nitrogen (up
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ammonia could only be achieved when
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Table 2.10 Treatment Efficiencies o
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Activated Carbon Adsorption Granula
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Colloidal material as well as metal
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iologically, physical-chemical proc
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Ammonia Stripping Air stripping of
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These systems are land intensive wh
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the biological treatment can be rep
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Table 2.16 Typical Leachate Composi
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influent reached 200 mg/L. For the
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Table 2.18 Advantages and Disadvant
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through the effluent. Different ope
Page 61 and 62: Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids and D
Page 63 and 64: 2.12 Yeasts 2.12.1 Introduction The
Page 65 and 66: Nishihara ESRC Ltd. (2001) studied
Page 67 and 68: nitrification-denitrification proce
Page 69 and 70: Table 3.1 Composition of Simulated
Page 71 and 72: 3.4.1 Ammonia Toxicity The experime
Page 73 and 74: Figure 3.4 Experiments Conducted to
Page 75 and 76: Leachate Option Ammonia Stripping R
Page 77 and 78: MW larger than 50 kDa, (2) MW betwe
Page 79 and 80: Figure 3.7 Flowchart Showing Ammoni
Page 81 and 82: Chapter 4 Results and Discussion 4.
Page 83 and 84: COD Removal Effeciency (%) COD Remo
Page 85 and 86: MLSS (mg/L) 14000 12000 10000 8000
Page 87 and 88: Specific Growth Rate ( d -1 ) 0.50
Page 89 and 90: change in the predominant species w
Page 91 and 92: Table 4.4 Effect of Free Ammonia Co
Page 93 and 94: Table 4.5 Substrate Utilization by
Page 95 and 96: 4.3.1 Initial Membrane Resistance P
Page 97 and 98: when compared with the present stud
Page 99 and 100: COD Removal Efficiency (%) 90 80 70
Page 101 and 102: (2) TKN Removal Efficiency Prior to
Page 103 and 104: As there was no significant improve
Page 105 and 106: The probable reason for frequent fo
Page 107 and 108: Ammonia Concentration (mg/L) Ammoni
Page 109 and 110: concentration after treatment. Othe
Page 111: After the chemical cleaning of the
Page 115 and 116: Influent BOD (mg/L) Influent BOD (m
Page 117 and 118: (3) TKN Removal Efficiency The TKN
Page 119 and 120: Figure 4.34 gives the overall TKN r
Page 121 and 122: fraction and slowly biodegradable C
Page 123 and 124: BOD (mg/L) BOD (mg/L) 6000 5000 400
Page 125 and 126: Figure 4.39 Molecular Weight Cut-of
Page 127 and 128: COD (mg/L) 8000 6000 4000 2000 COD
Page 129 and 130: Though, the obtained COD removal ef
Page 131 and 132: cake used on the top of the membran
Page 133 and 134: Chapter 5 Conclusions and Recommend
Page 135 and 136: 0.02, respectively. This can be con
Page 137 and 138: References Abeling, U., and Seyfrie
Page 139 and 140: Brown, M.J., and Lester, J.N., 1980
Page 141 and 142: Diamadopoulos, E., 1994. Characteri
Page 143 and 144: Grady, C.P.L., Daigger, G.T., and L
Page 145 and 146: Keenan, J.D., Steiner, R.L., and Fu
Page 147 and 148: Martin, G.M.A., Auzmenti, A.I., and
Page 149 and 150: Pohland, F.G., and Harper, S.R., 19
Page 151 and 152: Shin, H.S., An, H., Kang, S.T., Cho
Page 153 and 154: Visvanathan, C., Ben Aim, R., and P
Page 155 and 156: Appendix A Pictures of Experiments
Page 157 and 158: Raw Leachate YMBR Effluent BMBR Eff
Page 159 and 160: Appendix B Leachate Characteristics
Page 161 and 162: Table B-2 Acclimation of Mixed Yeas
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Appendix C Experimental Data of Bio
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y: Where: OUR at line g: This is th
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Table C-3 Experimental Results for
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Appendix D Membrane Resistance Stud
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Table D-3 Experimental Data for Det
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Table D-4 Experimental Data for Det
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Pressure (kPa) Pressure (kPa) 25 20
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Appendix E MBR without Ammonia Stri
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Day HRT (h) pH COD (mg/L) Feed Reac
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Day HRT (h) pH COD (mg/L) Feed Reac
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Table E-3 Variation in TMP with Tim
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Appendix F Ammonia Stripping Studie
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Table F-5 Pilot Scale Study on Ammo
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Table G-1 Feed, Reactor and Effluen
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Table G-3 Feed, Reactor and Effluen
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Appendix H Other Studies 179
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Table H-2 Membrane Resistance of th
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Table H-6 Chemical Cost for the Yea
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Thesis - faculty.ait.ac.th - Asian Institute of Technology

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