Thesis - faculty.ait.ac.th - Asian Institute of Technology
Thesis - faculty.ait.ac.th - Asian Institute of Technology
Thesis - faculty.ait.ac.th - Asian Institute of Technology
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Perimeter<br />
Collection Pipe<br />
Cap Drainage<br />
System<br />
Filter<br />
Layer<br />
Comp<strong>ac</strong>ted<br />
soil<br />
Le<strong>ac</strong>hate Collection<br />
System<br />
Leak Detection<br />
System<br />
Figure 2.1 Schematic Representation <strong>of</strong> a Typical Engineered Landfill<br />
2.2 Solid Waste Management Pr<strong>ac</strong>tices<br />
The safe and reliable long-term disposal <strong>of</strong> solid waste is an important component in<br />
solid waste management. Municipal solid waste consists <strong>of</strong> inorganic substances such as<br />
boxes, grass clippings, furniture, clo<strong>th</strong>ing, bottles, food scraps, newspapers, and appliances<br />
along wi<strong>th</strong> organic waste. There are different me<strong>th</strong>ods employed in solid waste<br />
management. Few <strong>of</strong> <strong>th</strong>e management pr<strong>ac</strong>tices are as follows:<br />
(a) Reduction in <strong>th</strong>e exploitation <strong>of</strong> <strong>th</strong>e resources and <strong>th</strong>e minimization <strong>of</strong> waste<br />
(b) Increase in recovery/reuse by pl<strong>ac</strong>ing increased responsibility on <strong>th</strong>e producer<br />
(c) Incineration<br />
(d) Composting<br />
(e) Landfilling, etc.<br />
Landfilling or <strong>th</strong>e land disposal is today <strong>th</strong>e most commonly used me<strong>th</strong>od for waste<br />
disposal. Landfill has been <strong>th</strong>e most economical and environmentally <strong>ac</strong>ceptable me<strong>th</strong>od<br />
for <strong>th</strong>e disposal <strong>of</strong> solid waste <strong>th</strong>roughout <strong>th</strong>e world. Even wi<strong>th</strong> <strong>th</strong>e implementation <strong>of</strong><br />
waste reduction, recycling and transformation technologies, disposal <strong>of</strong> solid waste in <strong>th</strong>e<br />
landfill still remains an important component <strong>of</strong> <strong>th</strong>e solid waste management strategies.<br />
Concerns wi<strong>th</strong> <strong>th</strong>e landfilling <strong>of</strong> solid waste are related to (1) <strong>th</strong>e controlled release<br />
<strong>of</strong> landfill gases <strong>th</strong>at might migrate <strong>of</strong>f-site and cause odor and o<strong>th</strong>er potentially dangerous<br />
conditions, (2) <strong>th</strong>e imp<strong>ac</strong>t <strong>of</strong> <strong>th</strong>e uncontrolled discharge <strong>of</strong> landfill gases on <strong>th</strong>e green<br />
house effect in <strong>th</strong>e atmosphere , (3) <strong>th</strong>e uncontrolled release <strong>of</strong> le<strong>ac</strong>hate <strong>th</strong>at may migrate<br />
down to underlying groundwater or to surf<strong>ac</strong>e water, (4) <strong>th</strong>e breeding and harboring <strong>of</strong><br />
disease vectors in an improperly managed landfills, and (5) <strong>th</strong>e heal<strong>th</strong> and environmental<br />
imp<strong>ac</strong>ts associated wi<strong>th</strong> <strong>th</strong>e release <strong>of</strong> tr<strong>ac</strong>e gases arising from <strong>th</strong>e hazardous materials.<br />
2.3 Municipal Solid Waste Landfill<br />
Gas Vent<br />
Solid waste<br />
Drainage<br />
Layer<br />
Top Soil<br />
Drainage Layer<br />
Low Permeability Soil<br />
6<br />
Collection<br />
Pipes<br />
Collection<br />
Pipes<br />
Native Soil Foundation<br />
Final Soil Cover<br />
Filter Layer<br />
Barrier Layer<br />
(FML)<br />
Top Liner<br />
(FML)<br />
Upper<br />
Component<br />
Lower Component<br />
(Comp<strong>ac</strong>ted Soil)<br />
Protective Soil<br />
or Cover