Thesis - faculty.ait.ac.th - Asian Institute of Technology

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Where, Ss = Oxygen consumption for Ss * 100 Eq. 4.4 (1-Y) * CODT Xs = Oxygen consumption for Xs * 100 Eq. 4.5 (1-Y) * CODT Oxygen consumption for Ss = Area I Oxygen consumption for Xs = Area II Based on the area covered by the curve (area I), readily biodegradable COD, is equal to 40% of total area while area II, slowly biodegradable COD, is equal to 60% of total area. Thus, it could be said that among the biodegradation COD, readily degradable components are just 40% compared to that of the slowly degradable component. This shows the recalcitrant nature of the leachate and the requirement of a long HRT for complete degradation of the biodegradable components. Based on the result, the estimated readily biodegradable COD can be degraded within 12 h. Though OUR experiments suggest the readily biodegradable and slowly biodegradable components of the biodegradable COD, it does not actually tell the total biodegradable content present in the leachate. To further investigate on this aspect, a 20 days BOD was measured. It has suggested by Henze (1992) that the fractions of organic matter in wastewater which are measured in terms of OUR and BOD5 are similar. Thus, the relation between the COD fraction and BOD concentration may suggest the biodegradability of the leachate. When the 20 days BOD of the raw leachate, stripped leachate, bacterial and the yeast effluent were measured, the trend of increase in BOD was similar for raw and stripped leachate. The trend of increase in BOD for the yeast and bacterial effluent for the first 10 days was similar. The trend of the 20 days BOD is given in Figure 4.37 and 4.38. The raw data is given in Table H-1 of Appendix H. After first 10 days, the BOD of the bacterial effluent did not vary significantly compared to that of the yeast effluent. Table 4.14 gives contribution of percent BOD of the total BOD for leachate influent and effluent ay different time periods. Table 4.14 Contribution of BOD at 5, 10 and 15 Days to the Total 20 Days BOD Percent BOD of 20 days BOD Day Raw Stripped YMBR BMBR Leachate Leachate Effluent Effluent BOD5 (mg/L) 67 47 25 38 BOD10 (mg/L) 86 85 44 63 BOD15 (mg/L) 94 100 81 75 BOD20 (mg/L) 100 100 100 100 108
BOD (mg/L) BOD (mg/L) 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 Figure 4.37 20 Days BOD of the Raw Leachate and Stripped Leachate 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 R 2 = 0.99 Figure 4.38 20 Days BOD of the YMBR and BMBR Effluents 109 R 2 = 0.98 Raw Leachate Stripped Leachate 0 5 10 15 20 25 Time (Days) R 2 = 0.98 R 2 = 0.96 YMBR Effluent BMBR Effluent 0 5 10 15 20 25 Time (Days)
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APPLICATION OF MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR
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Abstract Landfill leachate is a com
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Table of Contents Chapter Title Pag
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4.5.6 Cost Analysis for Operation 1
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4.4 Effect of Free Ammonia Concentr
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4.16 COD Concentration in the Influ
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MWCO Molecular Weight Cut-off MWW M
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1.1 Background Chapter 1 Introducti
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generally unsuccessful in removal o
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2.1 Introduction Chapter 2 Literatu
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In the municipal solid waste landfi
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COD/TOC, VS/FS and VFA/TOC ratios o
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Table 2.3 presents the general leac
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Ground water 2.7.1 Seasonal Variati
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Table 2.5 Variation of COD, BOD & B
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entails the re-circulation of leach
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Table 2.8 Summary of Biokinetic Coe
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that extensive loss of nitrogen (up
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ammonia could only be achieved when
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Table 2.10 Treatment Efficiencies o
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Activated Carbon Adsorption Granula
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Colloidal material as well as metal
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iologically, physical-chemical proc
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Ammonia Stripping Air stripping of
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These systems are land intensive wh
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the biological treatment can be rep
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Table 2.16 Typical Leachate Composi
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influent reached 200 mg/L. For the
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Table 2.18 Advantages and Disadvant
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through the effluent. Different ope
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Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids and D
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2.12 Yeasts 2.12.1 Introduction The
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Nishihara ESRC Ltd. (2001) studied
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nitrification-denitrification proce
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Table 3.1 Composition of Simulated
Page 71 and 72: 3.4.1 Ammonia Toxicity The experime
Page 73 and 74: Figure 3.4 Experiments Conducted to
Page 75 and 76: Leachate Option Ammonia Stripping R
Page 77 and 78: MW larger than 50 kDa, (2) MW betwe
Page 79 and 80: Figure 3.7 Flowchart Showing Ammoni
Page 81 and 82: Chapter 4 Results and Discussion 4.
Page 83 and 84: COD Removal Effeciency (%) COD Remo
Page 85 and 86: MLSS (mg/L) 14000 12000 10000 8000
Page 87 and 88: Specific Growth Rate ( d -1 ) 0.50
Page 89 and 90: change in the predominant species w
Page 91 and 92: Table 4.4 Effect of Free Ammonia Co
Page 93 and 94: Table 4.5 Substrate Utilization by
Page 95 and 96: 4.3.1 Initial Membrane Resistance P
Page 97 and 98: when compared with the present stud
Page 99 and 100: COD Removal Efficiency (%) 90 80 70
Page 101 and 102: (2) TKN Removal Efficiency Prior to
Page 103 and 104: As there was no significant improve
Page 105 and 106: The probable reason for frequent fo
Page 107 and 108: Ammonia Concentration (mg/L) Ammoni
Page 109 and 110: concentration after treatment. Othe
Page 111 and 112: After the chemical cleaning of the
Page 113 and 114: emoval of 38%. A higher removal in
Page 115 and 116: Influent BOD (mg/L) Influent BOD (m
Page 117 and 118: (3) TKN Removal Efficiency The TKN
Page 119 and 120: Figure 4.34 gives the overall TKN r
Page 121: fraction and slowly biodegradable C
Page 125 and 126: Figure 4.39 Molecular Weight Cut-of
Page 127 and 128: COD (mg/L) 8000 6000 4000 2000 COD
Page 129 and 130: Though, the obtained COD removal ef
Page 131 and 132: cake used on the top of the membran
Page 133 and 134: Chapter 5 Conclusions and Recommend
Page 135 and 136: 0.02, respectively. This can be con
Page 137 and 138: References Abeling, U., and Seyfrie
Page 139 and 140: Brown, M.J., and Lester, J.N., 1980
Page 141 and 142: Diamadopoulos, E., 1994. Characteri
Page 143 and 144: Grady, C.P.L., Daigger, G.T., and L
Page 145 and 146: Keenan, J.D., Steiner, R.L., and Fu
Page 147 and 148: Martin, G.M.A., Auzmenti, A.I., and
Page 149 and 150: Pohland, F.G., and Harper, S.R., 19
Page 151 and 152: Shin, H.S., An, H., Kang, S.T., Cho
Page 153 and 154: Visvanathan, C., Ben Aim, R., and P
Page 155 and 156: Appendix A Pictures of Experiments
Page 157 and 158: Raw Leachate YMBR Effluent BMBR Eff
Page 159 and 160: Appendix B Leachate Characteristics
Page 161 and 162: Table B-2 Acclimation of Mixed Yeas
Page 163 and 164: Appendix C Experimental Data of Bio
Page 165 and 166: y: Where: OUR at line g: This is th
Page 167 and 168: Table C-3 Experimental Results for
Page 169 and 170: Appendix D Membrane Resistance Stud
Page 171 and 172: Table D-3 Experimental Data for Det
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Table D-4 Experimental Data for Det
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Pressure (kPa) Pressure (kPa) 25 20
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Appendix E MBR without Ammonia Stri
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Day HRT (h) pH COD (mg/L) Feed Reac
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Day HRT (h) pH COD (mg/L) Feed Reac
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Table E-3 Variation in TMP with Tim
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Appendix F Ammonia Stripping Studie
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Table F-5 Pilot Scale Study on Ammo
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Table G-1 Feed, Reactor and Effluen
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Table G-3 Feed, Reactor and Effluen
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Appendix H Other Studies 179
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Table H-2 Membrane Resistance of th
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Table H-6 Chemical Cost for the Yea
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