credits bmbl December 7 '06.doc - Central Michigan University

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Agent Summary Statements – Bacterial Agents animals (particularly ruminants) and humans. 91,92 This organism is the causative agent of listeriosis, a food-borne disease of humans and animals. Occupational Infections Cutaneous listeriosis, characterized by pustular or papular lesions on the arms and hands, has been described in veterinarians and farmers. 93 Asymptomatic carriage has been reported in laboratorians. 94 Natural Modes of Infection Most human cases of listeriosis result from eating contaminated foods, notably soft cheeses, ready-to-eat meat products (hot dogs, luncheon meats), paté and smoked fish/seafood. 95 Listeriosis can present in healthy adults with symptoms of fever and gastroenteritis, pregnant women and their fetuses, newborns, and persons with impaired immune function are at greatest risk of developing severe infections including sepsis, meningitis, and fetal demise. In pregnant women, Listeria monocytogenes infections occur most often in the third trimester and may precipitate labor. Transplacental transmission of L. monocytogenes poses a grave risk to the fetus. 92 LABORATORY SAFETY Listeria monocytogenes may be found in feces, CSF, and blood, as well as numerous food and environmental samples. 91,92,96,97 Naturally or experimentally infected animals are a source of exposure to laboratory workers, animal care personnel and other animals. While ingestion is the most common route of exposure, Listeria can also cause eye and skin infections following direct contact with the organism. Containment Recommendations BSL-2 practices, containment equipment, and facilities are recommended when working with clinical specimens and cultures known or suspected to contain the agent. Gloves and eye protection should be worn while handling infected or potentially infected materials. ABSL-2 practices, containment equipment and facilities are recommended for activities involving experimentally or naturally infected animals. Due to potential risks to the fetus, pregnant women should be advised of the risk of exposure to L. monocytogenes. SPECIAL ISSUES Transfer of Agent Importation of this agent may require CDC and/or USDA importation permits. Domestic transport of this agent may require a permit from USDA/APHIS/VS. A DoC permit may be required for the export of this agent to another country. See Appendix C for additional information. 158
Agent Summary Statements – Bacterial Agents Agent: Mycobacterium leprae Mycobacterium leprae is the causative agent of leprosy (Hansen disease). The organism has not been cultivated in laboratory medium but can be maintained in a metabolically active state for some period. Organisms are recovered from infected tissue and can be propagated in laboratory animals, specifically armadillos and the footpads of mice. The infectious dose in humans is unknown. Although naturally occurring leprosy or leprosy-like diseases have been reported in armadillos 98 and in NHP, 99,100 humans are the only known important reservoir of this disease. Occupational Infections There are no cases reported as a result of working in a laboratory with biopsy or other clinical materials of human or animal origin. However, inadvertent human-tohuman transmissions following an accidental needle stick by a surgeon and after use of a presumably contaminated tattoo needle were reported prior to 1950. 101,102 Natural Modes on Infection Leprosy is transmitted from person-to-person following prolonged exposure, presumably via contact with secretions from infected individuals. LABORATORY SAFETY The infectious agent may be present in tissues and exudates from lesions of infected humans and experimentally or naturally infected animals. Direct contact of the skin and mucous membranes with infectious materials and accidental parenteral inoculation are the primary laboratory hazards associated with handling infectious clinical materials. See Appendix B for appropriate tuberculocidal disinfectant. Containment Recommendations BSL-2 practices, containment equipment, and facilities are recommended for all activities with known or potentially infectious materials from humans and animals. Extraordinary care should be taken to avoid accidental parenteral inoculation with contaminated sharp instruments. ABSL-2 practices, containment equipment, and facilities are recommended for animal studies utilizing rodents, armadillos, and NHP, because coughing with dissemination of infectious droplets does not occur in these species. SPECIAL ISSUES Transfer of Agent Importation of this agent may require CDC and/or USDA importation permits. Domestic transport of this agent may require a permit from USDA/APHIS/VS. A DoC permit may be required for the export of this agent to another country. See Appendix C for additional information. 159
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Biosafety in Microbiological and Bi
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SECTION VIII-H: Prion Diseases 299
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Forward Biosafety in Microbiologica
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Editors: L. Casey Chosewood, MD Dir
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Guest Editors: Matthew J. Arduino,
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Charles B. Millard, PhD Lieutenant
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Robert Bull Karen B. Byers Jane Cap
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Thomas L. Miller Douglas M. Moore M
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Robert Yarchoan Uri Yokel Lisa Youn
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Introduction laboratories chose not
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Introduction RISK CRITERIA FOR ESTA
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Introduction BMBL includes an impor
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Section II Biological Risk Assessme
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Biological Risk Assessment informat
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Biological Risk Assessment The NIH
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Biological Risk Assessment effectiv
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Biological Risk Assessment Third, m
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Biological Risk Assessment 14. Oxma
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Principles of Biosafety Safety equi
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Principles of Biosafety Often an in
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Principles of Biosafety Four standa
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Principles of Biosafety 4. Centers
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Laboratory Biosafety Level Criteria
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Section V Vertebrate Animal Biosafe
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Vertebrate Animal Biosafety Level C
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Page 107 and 108: Vertebrate Animal Biosafety Level C
Page 119 and 120: TABLE 1 SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDED BIOS
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• Section VIII-D: Rickettsial Age
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Agent Summary Statements - Ricketts
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Agent Summary Statements - Ricketts
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• Section VIII-E: Viral Agents Ag
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Agent Summary Statements - Viral Ag
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Agent Summary Statements - Arboviru
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• Section VIII-G: Toxin Agents Se
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Agent Summary Statements - Toxins i
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Agent Summary Statements - Toxins A
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Agent Summary Statements - Toxins L
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Agent Summary Statements - Toxins e
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Agent Summary Statements - Toxins o
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• Section VIII-H: Prion Diseases
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Agent Summary Statement - Prion Dis
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Appendix A Proper maintenance of ca
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Appendix A declined. However, in ma
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Appendix A It is possible to exhaus
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Appendix A 4. The Class II, Type A2
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Appendix A prohibited. Furthermore,
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Appendix A plastic wrappers, pipett
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Appendix A touch-plate microburners
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Appendix A SECTION VI FACILITY AND
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Appendix A Development of Containme
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Appendix A C. Airflow Smoke Pattern
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Appendix A TABLES Table 1. Selectio
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Appendix A Table 3. Field Performan
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Appendix A FIGURES Figure 1. HEPA f
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Appendix A Figure 3. The Class II,
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Appendix A Figure 5B. The Class II,
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Appendix A Figure 8. The Class III
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Appendix A Figure 9B. The vertical
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Appendix A Figure 11. A typical lay
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Appendix A REFERENCES 1. Centers fo
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Appendix B Decontamination and Disi
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Appendix B surfaces are contaminate
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Appendix B TABLE 1 DESCENDING ORDER
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Appendix B dioxide gas exits the ge
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Appendix B d The effectiveness of a
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Appendix C Transportation of Infect
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Appendix C 1600 Clifton Road, N.E.,
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Appendix C disease in humans or in
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Appendix C Biological specimen, Cat
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Appendix D Agriculture Pathogen Bio
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Appendix D simultaneous opening of
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Appendix D 14. Pathological inciner
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Appendix D Wastes and other materia
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Appendix D Camelpox virus b a, b, c
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Appendix D SPECIAL ISSUES The impor
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Appendix D required by the USDA and
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Appendix D depression, anorexia, an
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Appendix D laboratory with enhancem
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Appendix D five day period of conta
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Appendix D slaughterhouses or indus
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Appendix D virus does not cause any
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Appendix D NDV is classified in the
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Appendix D movement permit is requi
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Appendix D Spring Viremia of Carp V
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Appendix D REFERENCES 1. Hess WR. A
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Appendix D 37. Alexander DJ. Newcas
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Appendix E Arthropod Containment Gu
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Appendix F Select Agents and Toxins
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Appendix G IPM issues and requireme
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Appendix H Working with Human, NHP
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Appendix I Guidelines for Work with
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decontaminated periodically, for ex
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0.25N, and/or sodium hypochlorite (
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k Irradiation causes a dose-depende
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7. Morin R, Kozlovac J. Biological
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Appendix J NIH Oversight of Researc
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Appendix K Resources for Informatio
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Appendix K E-mail: http://www2.gsu.
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Appendix K and http://www.who.int/c
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Appendix L HEPA High Efficiency Par
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