credits bmbl December 7 '06.doc - Central Michigan University

Appendix D
The importation, possession, or use of this agent is prohibited or restricted by law
or by USDA regulations or administrative policies. A USDA/APHIS import or interstate
movement permit is required to obtain this agent or any livestock or poultry product, such
as blood, serum, or other tissues containing the agent.
Swine Vesicular Disease (SVD)
Swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV) is classified in the genus Enterovirus, the
family Picornaviridae, and is closely related to the human enterovirus coxsackievirus
B5. 50 The virus is the causative agent of SVD, a contagious disease of pigs characterized
by fever and vesicles with subsequent erosion in the mouth and on the snout, feet, and
teats. 51,52 The major importance of SVD is that it clinically resembles FMD, and any
outbreaks of vesicular disease in pigs must be assumed to be FMD until proven otherwise
by laboratory tests.
Occupational Infections
SVDV can cause an “influenza-like” illness in man 1 and human infection has
been reported in laboratory personnel working with the virus. 53,54 The virus may be
present in blood, vesicular fluid, and tissues of infected pigs. Direct and indirect contacts
of infected materials, contaminated laboratory surfaces, and accidental autoinoculation,
are the primary hazards to laboratory personnel.
LABORATORY SAFETY
Laboratory practices for SVDV are principally designed to prevent transmission
to susceptible livestock, but also to protect workers. Gloves are recommended for the
necropsy and handling of infected animals and cell cultures. The greatest risk of working
with SVD is the escape of the organism into susceptible animal populations, which would
necessitate USDA emergency procedures to contain and eradicate the disease. 55
Containment Recommendations
SVD is considered a foreign animal disease in the United States. Due to the
severe economic consequences of disease presence in the United States, SVDV should
only be handled in vitro in a BSL-3 laboratory with enhancements as required by the
USDA and in vivo in a USDA-approved ABSL-3 animal facility with enhancements.
SPECIAL ISSUES
The importation, possession, or use of this agent is prohibited or restricted by law
or by USDA regulations or administrative policies. A USDA/APHIS import or interstate
movement permit is required to obtain this agent or any livestock or poultry product, such
as blood, serum, or other tissues containing the agent.
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