credits bmbl December 7 '06.doc - Central Michigan University

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Biological Risk Assessment IN CONCLUSION Risk assessment is the basis for the safeguards developed by the CDC, the NIH, and the microbiological and biomedical community to protect the health of laboratory workers and the public from the risks associated with the use of hazardous biological agents in laboratories. Experience shows that these established safe practices, equipment, and facility safeguards work. New knowledge and experiences may justify altering these safeguards. Risk assessment, however, must be the basis for recommended change. Assessments conducted by laboratory directors and principal investigators for the use of emergent agents and the conduct of novel experiments will contribute to our understanding of the risks these endeavors may present and the means for their control. Those risk assessments will likely mirror progress in science and technology and serve as the basis for future revisions of BMBL. REFERENCES 1. Laboratory biosafety manual. 3rd ed. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2004. 2. NIH guidelines for research involving recombinant DNA molecules. Bethesda: The National Institutes of Health (US), Office of Biotechnology Activities; 2002, April. 3. Heymann DL. Control of communicable diseases manual. 18th ed. Washington, DC: American Public Health Association; 2005. 4. Lennette EH, Koprowski H. Human infection with Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus. JAMA. 1943;123:1088-95. 5. Tigertt WD, Benenson AS, Gochenour WS. Airborne Q fever. Bacteriol Rev. 1961;25:285-93. 6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Fatal Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1 (B virus) infection following a mucocutaneous exposure and interim recommendations for worker protection. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1998;47:1073-6,1083. 7. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Laboratory management of agents associated with hantavirus pulmonary syndrome: interim biosafety guidelines. MMWR Recomm Rep. 1994;43:1-7. 8. Wedum AG, Barkley WE, Helman A. Handling of infectious agents. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1972;161:1557-67. 9. Jackson RJ, Ramsay AJ, Christensen CD, et al. Expression of mouse interleukin-4 by a recombinant ectromelia virus suppresses cytolytic lymphocyte responses and overcomes genetic resistance to mousepox. J Virol. 2001;75:1205-10. 10. Shimono N, Morici L, Casali N, et al. Hypervirulent mutant of Mycobacterium tuberculosis resulting from disruption of the mce1 operon. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003;100:15918-23. 11. Cunningham ML, Titus RG, Turco SJ, et al. Regulation of differentiation to the infective stage of the protozoan parasite Leishmania major by tetrahydrobiopterin. Science. 2001;292:285-7. 12. Kobasa D, Takada A, Shinya K, et al. Enhanced virulence of influenza A viruses with the haemagglutinin of the 1918 pandemic virus. Nature. 2004;431:703-7. 13. Efstathiou S, Preston CM. Towards an understanding of the molecular basis of herpes simplex virus latency. Virus Res. 2005;111:108-19. 34
Biological Risk Assessment 14. Oxman MN, Levin MJ, Johnson GR, et al. A vaccine to prevent herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia in older adults. N Engl J Med. 2005;352:2271-84. 15. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Update: Investigation of rabies infections in organ donor and transplant recipients - Alabama, Arkansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2004;53:615-16. 16. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection in organ transplant recipients--Massachusetts, Rhode Island, 2005. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2005;54:537-39. 17. Occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens. Final Rule. Standard interpretations: applicability of 1910.1030 to established human cell lines, 29 C.F.R. Sect. 1910.1030 (1991). 18. Gartner HV, Seidl C, Luckenbach C, et al. Genetic analysis of a sarcoma accidentally transplanted from a patient to a surgeon. N Engl J Med. 1996;335:1494-7. 19. Dykewicz CA, Dato VM, Fisher-Hoch SP, et al. Lymphocytic choriomeningitis outbreak associated with nude mice in a research institute. JAMA. 1992;267:1349-53. 20. Pike RM. Laboratory-associated infections: incidence, fatalities, causes, and prevention. Annu Rev Microbiol. 1979;33:41-66. 21. Harding AL, Byers KB. Epidemiology of laboratory-associated infections. In: Fleming DO, Hunt DL, editors. Biological safety: principles and practices. 3rd ed. Washington, DC: ASM Press; 2000:35-54. 22. Dimmick RL, Fogl WF, Chatigny MA. Potential for accidental microbial aerosol transmission in the biology laboratory. In: Hellman A, Oxman MN, Pollack R, editors. Biohazards in biological research. Proceedings of a conference held at the Asilomar conference center; 1973 Jan 22-24; Pacific Grove, CA. New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory; 1973. p. 246-66. 23. Kenny MT, Sable FL. Particle size distribution of Serratia marcescens aerosols created during common laboratory procedures and simulated laboratory accidents. Appl Microbiol. 1968;16:1146-50. 24. Chatigny MA, Barkley WE, Vogl WF. Aerosol biohazard in microbiological laboratories and how it is affected by air conditioning systems. ASHRAE Transactions. 1974;80(Pt 1):463-469. 25. Chatigny MA, Hatch MT, Wolochow H, et al. Studies on release and survival of biological substances used in recombinant DNA laboratory procedures. National Institutes of Health Recombinant DNA Technical Bulletin. 1979;2. 26. Lennette EH. Panel V common sense in the laboratory: recommendations and priorities. Biohazards in biological research. Proceedings of a conference held at the Asilomar conference center; 1973 Jan 22-24; Pacific Grove, CA. New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory; 1973. p. 353. 35
Page 1 and 2: Biosafety in Microbiological and Bi
Page 3 and 4: SECTION VIII-H: Prion Diseases 299
Page 5 and 6: Forward Biosafety in Microbiologica
Page 7 and 8: Editors: L. Casey Chosewood, MD Dir
Page 9 and 10: Guest Editors: Matthew J. Arduino,
Page 11 and 12: Charles B. Millard, PhD Lieutenant
Page 13 and 14: Robert Bull Karen B. Byers Jane Cap
Page 15 and 16: Thomas L. Miller Douglas M. Moore M
Page 17 and 18: Robert Yarchoan Uri Yokel Lisa Youn
Page 19 and 20: Introduction laboratories chose not
Page 21 and 22: Introduction RISK CRITERIA FOR ESTA
Page 23 and 24: Introduction BMBL includes an impor
Page 25 and 26: Section II Biological Risk Assessme
Page 27 and 28: Biological Risk Assessment informat
Page 29 and 30: Biological Risk Assessment The NIH
Page 31 and 32: Biological Risk Assessment effectiv
Page 33: Biological Risk Assessment Third, m
Page 37 and 38: Principles of Biosafety Safety equi
Page 39 and 40: Principles of Biosafety Often an in
Page 41 and 42: Principles of Biosafety Four standa
Page 43 and 44: Principles of Biosafety 4. Centers
Page 45 and 46: Laboratory Biosafety Level Criteria
Page 75 and 76: Section V Vertebrate Animal Biosafe
Page 77 and 78: Vertebrate Animal Biosafety Level C
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Vertebrate Animal Biosafety Level C
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TABLE 1 SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDED BIOS
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Principles of Laboratory Biosecurit
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Occupational Health and Immunoproph
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Agent Summary Statements - Bacteria
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• Section VIII-B: Fungal Agents A
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Agent Summary Statements - Fungal A
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• Section VIII-C: Parasitic Agent
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Agent Summary Statements - Parasiti
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• Section VIII-D: Rickettsial Age
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Agent Summary Statements - Ricketts
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Agent Summary Statements - Ricketts
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• Section VIII-E: Viral Agents Ag
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Agent Summary Statements - Viral Ag
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Agent Summary Statements - Arboviru
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• Section VIII-G: Toxin Agents Se
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Agent Summary Statements - Toxins i
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Agent Summary Statements - Toxins A
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Agent Summary Statements - Toxins L
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• Section VIII-H: Prion Diseases
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Agent Summary Statement - Prion Dis
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Appendix A Proper maintenance of ca
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Appendix A declined. However, in ma
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Appendix A It is possible to exhaus
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Appendix A 4. The Class II, Type A2
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Appendix A prohibited. Furthermore,
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Appendix A plastic wrappers, pipett
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Appendix A touch-plate microburners
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Appendix A SECTION VI FACILITY AND
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Appendix A Development of Containme
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Appendix A C. Airflow Smoke Pattern
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Appendix A TABLES Table 1. Selectio
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Appendix A Table 3. Field Performan
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Appendix A FIGURES Figure 1. HEPA f
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Appendix A Figure 3. The Class II,
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Appendix A Figure 5B. The Class II,
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Appendix A Figure 8. The Class III
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Appendix A Figure 9B. The vertical
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Appendix A Figure 11. A typical lay
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Appendix A REFERENCES 1. Centers fo
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Appendix B Decontamination and Disi
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Appendix B surfaces are contaminate
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Appendix B TABLE 1 DESCENDING ORDER
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Appendix B dioxide gas exits the ge
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Appendix B d The effectiveness of a
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Appendix C Transportation of Infect
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Appendix C 1600 Clifton Road, N.E.,
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Appendix C disease in humans or in
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Appendix C Biological specimen, Cat
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Appendix D Agriculture Pathogen Bio
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Appendix D simultaneous opening of
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Appendix D 14. Pathological inciner
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Appendix D Wastes and other materia
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Appendix D Camelpox virus b a, b, c
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Appendix D SPECIAL ISSUES The impor
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Appendix D required by the USDA and
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Appendix D depression, anorexia, an
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Appendix D laboratory with enhancem
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Appendix D five day period of conta
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Appendix D slaughterhouses or indus
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Appendix D virus does not cause any
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Appendix D NDV is classified in the
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Appendix D movement permit is requi
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Appendix D Spring Viremia of Carp V
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Appendix D REFERENCES 1. Hess WR. A
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Appendix D 37. Alexander DJ. Newcas
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Appendix E Arthropod Containment Gu
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Appendix F Select Agents and Toxins
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Appendix G IPM issues and requireme
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Appendix H Working with Human, NHP
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Appendix I Guidelines for Work with
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decontaminated periodically, for ex
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0.25N, and/or sodium hypochlorite (
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k Irradiation causes a dose-depende
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7. Morin R, Kozlovac J. Biological
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Appendix J NIH Oversight of Researc
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Appendix K Resources for Informatio
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Appendix K E-mail: http://www2.gsu.
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Appendix K and http://www.who.int/c
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Appendix L HEPA High Efficiency Par
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