credits bmbl December 7 '06.doc - Central Michigan University

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Agent Summary Statements – Fungal Agents examination of contaminated skin, hair, and nails, followed by its isolation and identification on appropriated culture media. Direct contact with contaminated skin, hair, and nails of humans could be another source of infection. 48,49 In research laboratories, dermatophytosis can be acquired by contact with contaminated soil (source of infection: geophilic species) or animal hosts (source of infection: zoophilic species). Containment Recommendations BSL-2 and ABSL-2 practices, containment equipment, and facilities are recommended for handling cultures and soil samples. Any culture identifying dimorphic fungi should be handled in a Class II BSC. SPECIAL ISSUES Transfer of Agent Importation of this agent may require CDC and/or USDA importation permits. Domestic transport of this agent may require a permit from USDA/APHIS/VS. A DoC permit may be required for the export of this agent to another country. See Appendix C for additional information. Agent: Miscellaneous Molds Several molds have caused serious infection in immunocompetent hosts following presumed inhalation or accidental subcutaneous inoculation from environmental sources. These agents include the dimorphic mold, Penicillium marneffei, and the dematiaceous (brown-pigmented) molds, Bipolaris species, Cladophialophora bantiana, Exophiala (Wangiella) dermatitidis, Exserohilum species, Fonsecaea pedrosoi, Ochroconis gallopava (Dactylaria gallopava), Ramichloridium mackenziei (Ramichloridium obovoideum), Rhinocladiella atrovirens, and Scedosporium prolificans. 51 Occupational Infections Even though no laboratory-acquired infections appear to have been reported with most of these agents, the gravity of naturally-acquired illness is sufficient to merit special precautions in the laboratory. Penicillium marneffei has caused a localized infection in a laboratory worker. 52 It also caused a case of laboratory-acquired disseminated infection following presumed inhalation when an undiagnosed HIV-positive individual visited a laboratory where students were handling cultures on the open bench. 53 Natural Modes of Infection The natural mode of infection varies by specific species; most are poorly characterized. LABORATORY SAFETY 192
Agent Summary Statements – Fungal Agents Inhalation of conidia from sporulating mold cultures or accidental injection into the skin during infection or experimental animals is a potential risk to laboratory personnel. Containment Recommendations BSL-2 practices, containment equipment, and facilities are recommended for propagating and manipulating cultures known to contain these agents. Any culture identifying dimorphic fungi should be handled in a Class II BSC. SPECIAL ISSUES Transfer of Agent Importation of this agent may require CDC and/or USDA importation permits. Domestic transport of this agent may require a permit from USDA/APHIS/VS. A DoC permit may be required for the export of this agent to another country. See Appendix C for additional information. REFERENCES 1. DiSalvo AF. The epidemiology of blastomycosis. In: Al-Doory Y, Di Salvo AF, editors. Blastomycosis. New York: Plenum Medical Book Company; 1992. p. 75- 104. 2. Evans N. A clinical report of a case of blastomycosis of the skin from accidental inoculation. JAMA. 1903;40:1172-5. 3. Harrekkm ER. The known and the unknown of the occupational mycoses. In: Occupational diseases acquired from animals. Continued education series no. 124. Ann Arbor: <strong>University</strong> of <strong>Michigan</strong> School of Public Health; 1964. p. 176-8. 4. Larsh HW, Schwarz J. Accidental inoculation blastomycosis. Cutis. 1977;19:334- 6. 5. Larson DM, Eckman MR, Alber RL, et al. Primary cutaneous (inoculation) blastomycosis: an occupational hazard to pathologists. Amer J Clin Pathol. 1983;79:253-5. 6. Wilson JW, Cawley EP, Weidman FD, et al. Primary cutaneous North American blastomycosis. AMA Arch Dermatol. 1955;71:39-45. 7. Graham WR, Callaway JL. Primary inoculation blastomycosis in a veterinarian. J Am Acad Dermatol.1982;7:785-6. 8. Schwarz J, Kauffman CA. Occupational hazards from deep mycoses. Arch Dermatol. 1977;113:1270-5. 9. Baum GL, Lerner PI. Primary pulmonary blastomycosis: a laboratory acquired infection. Ann Intern Med. 1970;73:263-5. 10. Denton JF, Di Salvo AF, Hirsch ML. Laboratory-acquired North American blastomycosis. JAMA. 1967;199:935-6. 11. Sugar AM, Lyman CA. A practical guide to medically important fungi and the diseases they cause. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven; 1997. 193
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Biosafety in Microbiological and Bi
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SECTION VIII-H: Prion Diseases 299
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Forward Biosafety in Microbiologica
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Editors: L. Casey Chosewood, MD Dir
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Guest Editors: Matthew J. Arduino,
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Charles B. Millard, PhD Lieutenant
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Robert Bull Karen B. Byers Jane Cap
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Thomas L. Miller Douglas M. Moore M
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Robert Yarchoan Uri Yokel Lisa Youn
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Introduction laboratories chose not
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Introduction RISK CRITERIA FOR ESTA
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Introduction BMBL includes an impor
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Section II Biological Risk Assessme
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Biological Risk Assessment informat
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Biological Risk Assessment The NIH
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Biological Risk Assessment effectiv
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Biological Risk Assessment Third, m
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Biological Risk Assessment 14. Oxma
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Principles of Biosafety Safety equi
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Principles of Biosafety Often an in
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Principles of Biosafety Four standa
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Principles of Biosafety 4. Centers
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Laboratory Biosafety Level Criteria
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Section V Vertebrate Animal Biosafe
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Vertebrate Animal Biosafety Level C
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TABLE 1 SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDED BIOS
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Principles of Laboratory Biosecurit
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Occupational Health and Immunoproph
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Agent Summary Statements - Bacteria
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Agent Summary Statements - Viral Ag
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Agent Summary Statements - Arboviru
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• Section VIII-G: Toxin Agents Se
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Agent Summary Statements - Toxins i
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Agent Summary Statements - Toxins A
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Agent Summary Statements - Toxins L
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• Section VIII-H: Prion Diseases
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Agent Summary Statement - Prion Dis
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Appendix A Proper maintenance of ca
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Appendix A declined. However, in ma
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Appendix A It is possible to exhaus
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Appendix A 4. The Class II, Type A2
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Appendix A prohibited. Furthermore,
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Appendix A plastic wrappers, pipett
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Appendix A touch-plate microburners
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Appendix A SECTION VI FACILITY AND
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Appendix A Development of Containme
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Appendix A C. Airflow Smoke Pattern
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Appendix A TABLES Table 1. Selectio
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Appendix A Table 3. Field Performan
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Appendix A FIGURES Figure 1. HEPA f
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Appendix A Figure 3. The Class II,
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Appendix A Figure 5B. The Class II,
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Appendix A Figure 8. The Class III
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Appendix A Figure 9B. The vertical
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Appendix A Figure 11. A typical lay
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Appendix A REFERENCES 1. Centers fo
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Appendix B Decontamination and Disi
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Appendix B surfaces are contaminate
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Appendix B TABLE 1 DESCENDING ORDER
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Appendix B dioxide gas exits the ge
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Appendix B d The effectiveness of a
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Appendix C Transportation of Infect
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Appendix C 1600 Clifton Road, N.E.,
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Appendix C disease in humans or in
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Appendix C Biological specimen, Cat
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Appendix D Agriculture Pathogen Bio
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Appendix D simultaneous opening of
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Appendix D 14. Pathological inciner
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Appendix D Wastes and other materia
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Appendix D Camelpox virus b a, b, c
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Appendix D SPECIAL ISSUES The impor
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Appendix D required by the USDA and
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Appendix D depression, anorexia, an
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Appendix D laboratory with enhancem
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Appendix D five day period of conta
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Appendix D slaughterhouses or indus
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Appendix D virus does not cause any
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Appendix D NDV is classified in the
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Appendix D movement permit is requi
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Appendix D Spring Viremia of Carp V
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Appendix D REFERENCES 1. Hess WR. A
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Appendix D 37. Alexander DJ. Newcas
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Appendix E Arthropod Containment Gu
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Appendix F Select Agents and Toxins
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Appendix G IPM issues and requireme
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Appendix H Working with Human, NHP
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Appendix I Guidelines for Work with
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decontaminated periodically, for ex
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0.25N, and/or sodium hypochlorite (
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k Irradiation causes a dose-depende
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7. Morin R, Kozlovac J. Biological
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Appendix J NIH Oversight of Researc
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Appendix K Resources for Informatio
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Appendix K E-mail: http://www2.gsu.
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Appendix K and http://www.who.int/c
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Appendix L HEPA High Efficiency Par
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