credits bmbl December 7 '06.doc - Central Michigan University

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Agent Summary Statements – Toxins 44. LeClaire RD, Parker GW, Franz DR. Hemodynamic and calorimetric changes induced by microcystin-LR in the rat. J Appl Toxicol. 1995;15:303-11. 45. Wannemacher RW. Procedures for inactivation and safety containment of toxins. In: Proceedings for the symposium on agents of biological origin. 1989; Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD. Aberdeen, Maryland: U.S. Army Chemical Research, Development and Engineering Center; 1989. p. 115-22 46. Paddle BM. Therapy and prophylaxis of inhaled biological toxins. J Appl Toxicol. 2003;23:139-70. 298
• Section VIII-H: Prion Diseases Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) or prion diseases are neurodegenerative diseases which affect humans and a variety of domestic and wild animal species (Tables 1 and 2). 1,2 A central biochemical feature of prion diseases is the conversion of normal prion protein (PrP) to an abnormal, misfolded, pathogenic isoform designated PrP Sc (named for “scrapie,” the prototypic prion disease). The infectious agents that transmit prion diseases are resistant to inactivation by heat and chemicals and thus require special biosafety precautions. Prion diseases are transmissible by inoculation or ingestion of infected tissues or homogenates, and infectivity is present at high levels in brain or other central nervous system tissues, and at slightly lower levels in lymphoid tissues including spleen, lymph nodes, gut, bone marrow, and blood. Although the biochemical nature of the infectious TSE agent, or prion, is not yet proven, the infectivity is strongly associated with the presence of PrP Sc , suggesting that this material may be a major component of the infectious agent. A chromosomal gene encodes PrP C (the cellular isoform of PrP) and no PrP genes are found in purified preparations of prions. PrP Sc is derived from PrP C by a posttranslational process whereby PrP Sc acquires a high beta-sheet content and a resistance to inactivation by normal disinfection processes. The PrP Sc is less soluble in aqueous buffers and, when incubated with protease (proteinase K), the PrP C is completely digested (sometimes indicated by the “sensitive” superscript, PrP sen ) while PrP Sc is resistant to protease (PrP res ). Neither PrP-specific nucleic acids nor virus-like particles have been detected in purified, infectious preparations. Occupational Infections No occupational infections have been recorded from working with prions. No increased incidence of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) has been found amongst pathologists who encounter cases of the disease post-mortem. Natural Modes of Infection The recognized diseases caused by prions are listed under Table 1 (human diseases) and Table 2 (animal diseases). The only clear risk-factor for disease transmission is the consumption of infected tissues such as human brain in the case of kuru, and meat including nervous tissue in the case of bovine spongiform encephalopathy and related diseases such as feline spongiform encephalopathy. It is also possible to acquire certain diseases such as familial CJD by inheritance through the germline. 299
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Biosafety in Microbiological and Bi
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SECTION VIII-H: Prion Diseases 299
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Forward Biosafety in Microbiologica
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Editors: L. Casey Chosewood, MD Dir
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Guest Editors: Matthew J. Arduino,
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Charles B. Millard, PhD Lieutenant
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Robert Bull Karen B. Byers Jane Cap
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Thomas L. Miller Douglas M. Moore M
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Robert Yarchoan Uri Yokel Lisa Youn
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Introduction laboratories chose not
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Introduction RISK CRITERIA FOR ESTA
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Introduction BMBL includes an impor
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Section II Biological Risk Assessme
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Biological Risk Assessment informat
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Biological Risk Assessment The NIH
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Biological Risk Assessment effectiv
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Biological Risk Assessment Third, m
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Biological Risk Assessment 14. Oxma
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Principles of Biosafety Safety equi
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Principles of Biosafety Often an in
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Principles of Biosafety Four standa
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Principles of Biosafety 4. Centers
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Laboratory Biosafety Level Criteria
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Section V Vertebrate Animal Biosafe
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Vertebrate Animal Biosafety Level C
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TABLE 1 SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDED BIOS
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Principles of Laboratory Biosecurit
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Occupational Health and Immunoproph
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Agent Summary Statements - Bacteria
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• Section VIII-B: Fungal Agents A
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• Section VIII-C: Parasitic Agent
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Agent Summary Statements - Parasiti
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• Section VIII-D: Rickettsial Age
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Agent Summary Statements - Ricketts
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Agent Summary Statements - Ricketts
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• Section VIII-E: Viral Agents Ag
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Agent Summary Statements - Viral Ag
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Page 307 and 308: Appendix A Proper maintenance of ca
Page 309 and 310: Appendix A declined. However, in ma
Page 311 and 312: Appendix A It is possible to exhaus
Page 313 and 314: Appendix A 4. The Class II, Type A2
Page 315 and 316: Appendix A prohibited. Furthermore,
Page 317 and 318: Appendix A plastic wrappers, pipett
Page 319 and 320: Appendix A touch-plate microburners
Page 321 and 322: Appendix A SECTION VI FACILITY AND
Page 323 and 324: Appendix A Development of Containme
Page 325 and 326: Appendix A C. Airflow Smoke Pattern
Page 327 and 328: Appendix A TABLES Table 1. Selectio
Page 329 and 330: Appendix A Table 3. Field Performan
Page 331 and 332: Appendix A FIGURES Figure 1. HEPA f
Page 333 and 334: Appendix A Figure 3. The Class II,
Page 335 and 336: Appendix A Figure 5B. The Class II,
Page 337 and 338: Appendix A Figure 8. The Class III
Page 339 and 340: Appendix A Figure 9B. The vertical
Page 341 and 342: Appendix A Figure 11. A typical lay
Page 343 and 344: Appendix A REFERENCES 1. Centers fo
Page 345 and 346: Appendix B Decontamination and Disi
Page 347 and 348: Appendix B surfaces are contaminate
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Appendix B TABLE 1 DESCENDING ORDER
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Appendix B dioxide gas exits the ge
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Appendix B d The effectiveness of a
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Appendix C Transportation of Infect
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Appendix C 1600 Clifton Road, N.E.,
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Appendix C disease in humans or in
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Appendix C Biological specimen, Cat
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Appendix D Agriculture Pathogen Bio
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Appendix D simultaneous opening of
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Appendix D 14. Pathological inciner
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Appendix D Wastes and other materia
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Appendix D Camelpox virus b a, b, c
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Appendix D SPECIAL ISSUES The impor
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Appendix D required by the USDA and
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Appendix D depression, anorexia, an
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Appendix D laboratory with enhancem
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Appendix D five day period of conta
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Appendix D slaughterhouses or indus
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Appendix D virus does not cause any
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Appendix D NDV is classified in the
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Appendix D movement permit is requi
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Appendix D Spring Viremia of Carp V
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Appendix D REFERENCES 1. Hess WR. A
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Appendix D 37. Alexander DJ. Newcas
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Appendix E Arthropod Containment Gu
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Appendix F Select Agents and Toxins
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Appendix G IPM issues and requireme
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Appendix H Working with Human, NHP
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Appendix I Guidelines for Work with
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decontaminated periodically, for ex
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0.25N, and/or sodium hypochlorite (
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k Irradiation causes a dose-depende
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7. Morin R, Kozlovac J. Biological
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Appendix J NIH Oversight of Researc
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Appendix K Resources for Informatio
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Appendix K E-mail: http://www2.gsu.
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Appendix K and http://www.who.int/c
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Appendix L HEPA High Efficiency Par
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