Saddleback Journal of Biology - Saddleback College

Fall 2009 Biology 3B Paper
A. Dancis, D. Halie, S. Yuan, R. Klausner. The
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Recovery and Growth of Vegetation Pre and Post Wildland Fire in the Chaparral of
Southern California
Timothy Schang
Department of Biological Science
Saddleback College
Mission Viejo, California 92692
The chaparral of Southern California is constantly affected by wild fire with the
movement of urbanization into the chaparral. Fire affects the diversity and specific
populations of plants by allowing certain species of plants to germinate at higher rates than
others. In this project an area of chaparral that had burned approximately one year prior
was compared to another portion in the same area that did not burn. Data was collected
using the point quarter method at 20 meter intervals. Five transects at 100 meter intervals
were completed in each portions of burned and unburned area. The following plants were
found in both the burned area and unburned area: Lotus scoparius (Deerweed), Rhus
integrifolia (Lemonade Berry), Phacelia cicutaria (Caterpillar Phacelia), Salvia mellifera
(Black Sage), Toxicodendron diversilobum (Poisonoak), and Gnaphalium canescens
(Fragrant Everlasting), Adenostoma fasciculatum (Chamise), Malosma laurina (Laurel
Sumac), Wyethia ovate (Southern Mule Ears), Eremocarpus setigerus (Turkey Mullein),
Baccharis salicifolia (Mule's Fat). The hypothesis’ being tested are to determine diversity of
species in burned and unburned areas; and to determine the difference in Importance
Values’ (IV) of species found in the burned and unburned area. The study found that there
was a significant difference in species diversity in the burned and unburned areas (D =
0.89968). There also was a statistical difference in IV’s of the plants being investigated in
the burned area compared to the species found in the unburned area (p=8.677x10 -9 ,
ANOVA).
Introduction
The chaparral of Southern California is
constantly affected by wild fire with the movement of
urbanization into the chaparral. Wildfires have shaped
plants and their defenses against fire before humans
emerged, therefore, wildfires play a key role in
ecosystem conservation. The effects of fires on
biodiversity have not been as completely studied as
many believe (Pausas et al., 2009). Some species of
plants in the Southern California Chaparral depend on
fire to increase the rate of germination in a burned area.
Other plants in the Southern California Chaparral rely
on the wind or animals to bring their seeds into a
burned area to germinate.
Some shrubs in the California chaparral, such
as, Lotus scoparius (Deerweed) have been known to
germinate in response to wildfires and dominate many
burned sites for one to five years. However in later
years it is overgrown by shrubs such as Adenostoma
fasciculatum (Chamise) and various species of
Ceanothus. Deerweed is essentially absent from
chaparral 10 years or older (Hanes, 1971). Rhus
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Saddleback Journal of Biology
Spring 2010