Idaho National Laboratory Cultural Resource Management Plan

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and sacred American Indian sites scattered over the entire Laboratory cannot be understood in isolation. All are part, and only part, of larger human systems adapted specifically to the high-desert landscape through several distinct time periods. Since the area is so large and its cultural history so complex, effective stewardship is only accomplished through an ongoing program of resource identification using existing historic contexts and research designs and through incorporation of the resulting information into new and/or updated contexts and research designs. General cultural resource identification efforts are also important for overall land-use planning. In this case, surveys can be targeted in areas where there are special concerns, such as: Zones that are subject to high levels of natural erosion where cultural resources may be subject to unmitigated impact Areas that are targeted for environmental cleanup Areas where future development may occur Areas that are poorly understood and under-represented in existing cultural resource inventories Areas that hold promise for development to enhance public understanding of INL’s cultural resources. For these types of identification efforts, it may be appropriate to target specific types of cultural resources, such as scientific equipment, important American Indian plants, age/gender-related items, or any other resource that is poorly understood. The goal of every effort is enhanced understanding of the resource base. Predictive modeling can further enhance the value of existing prehistoric archaeological resource inventories for land-use planning by providing information on the expected density and distribution of resources in areas that have not been surveyed. This information can be useful for planning future DOE activities to minimize damage to archaeological resources. At facilities like INL, with significant land holdings and numerous archaeological resources, this type of predictive modeling effort is a valid way of working to satisfy the statutory requirements for 100% inventory of DOE-ID cultural resource holdings Research. There are two primary approaches to conducting cultural resource research on INL: 1. Develop strong research-based relationships with universities and provide support to other non-INL historical and archaeological researchers based on qualified and valid proposals. Work to develop joint funding proposals in areas of mutual interest and benefit with these external entities and join in the solicitation of support for research that fills gaps in the understanding of INL cultural resources. 2. Optimize basic cultural resource research goals through the required compliance activities that demand most INL CRM Office resources. This can be done by conducting information-gathering activities under an umbrella of thoughtful research designs (see Appendix E) and historical contexts (see Appendix F). In this way, sufficient and sophisticated information can be gathered, and time and funding can be used optimally. This approach allows recovery of the basic data needed to describe, characterize, and protect INL cultural resources while maintaining legal compliance and contributing to the regional scientific information base. Unanticipated Discoveries. Even after advance surveys and other identification efforts, cultural resources are occasionally identified unexpectedly during implementation of INL projects. This is particularly true for archaeological and paleontological sites, which may have little or no surface manifestation, but important historic objects and data may also be discovered during a project. The INL Stop Work Authority provides mechanisms for protecting inadvertently discovered cultural materials from further damage. Through training, all INL employees are informed of their right and obligation, to stop any work process that could adversely impact safety or the environment, including exposing or threatening resources of cultural importance. Employees are also generally encouraged to contact the INL 38
CRM Office informally whenever they have questions or concerns about cultural resources or if they find something they think may be of interest. As a final check for archaeological resource protection, environmental checklists that cover activities involving ground disturbance also include reminders of the INL Stop Work Authority. When INL employees suspect sensitive cultural materials have been uncovered or previously identified cultural resources are being subjected to unanticipated impacts, they are trained to stop or redirect their activities and immediately contact the INL CRM Office. When contacted, the INL CRM Office will advise the employee to establish a 30 to 50-m protective buffer around the exposed archaeological or paleontological materials or to isolate significant data or objects. The DOE-ID cultural resources coordinator will be contacted and will schedule a site visit to evaluate the situation within two working days of the discovery. Once notification has been made through the INL CRM Office, the DOE-ID cultural resources coordinator will, as appropriate, be contacted and in turn notify other interested parties as the situation demands. For all prehistoric archaeological sites, interested parties will include, but not necessarily be limited to, the Advisory Council, Idaho SHPO, and Shoshone-Bannock Tribes. An invitation to consult on the resolution of adverse effects to the identified resource and participate in any associated activities will be included with this notification. Within two working days of the notification, interested parties will be asked to inform the DOE-ID cultural resources coordinator of their intentions to participate. When human remains are included in the find, the DOE-ID cultural resources coordinator will also notify the appropriate county sheriff’s office and initiate compliance with the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act, as appropriate. Emergency Situations. Another means of identifying cultural resources at INL is through inventories and assessments completed in response to emergency situations. Emergency response activities are those activities declared by the U.S. president, a tribal government, or the governor of a state, as necessary to safeguard human health and the environment during declared disasters, emergencies, or national security threats. Emergencies at INL may be caused by either natural or manmade events. During emergency situations at INL, no actions necessary to preserve human health or property will be delayed to comply with historic preservation requirements. However, INL emergency responders can carry on the spirit of the mandates by consistently trying to minimize the overall impact of their activities. Emergency responders are also reminded that activities completed in anticipation of emergency situations (flood control, controlled burns, etc.) and those conducted after termination of the emergency are not exempt from cultural resources review. Although activities conducted prior to termination of an INL emergency are exempt from cultural resource review and consideration, the aftereffects of those activities must be evaluated. Once an emergency has ended, the INL CRM Office conducts archive searches and field inventories, as appropriate, to evaluate the impact to cultural resources. Evaluation and Nomination to the National Register of Historic Places Evaluation of INL cultural resources for nomination to the National Register involves determining the significance of those resources. Methods for determining the significance of cultural resources at INL play an important role in both long-term planning and project-specific impact assessments. Regulations promulgated by the National Historic Preservation Act provide a general approach for evaluating significance. According to 36 CFR 60.4, “Criteria for Evaluation”: The quality of significance in American history, architecture, archeology, engineering, and culture is present in districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects that possess integrity of location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association and: That are associated with events that have made a significant contribution 39
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DOE/ID-10997 Revision 4 Idaho Natio
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CONTENTS ABSTRACT .................
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Appendix J—INL Cultural Resource
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ACRONYMS, ABBREVIATIONS, AND SYMBOL
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Co. company COM communication CP-1
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FFA/CO FONSI FPR FRAN FS&R Federal
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kV L LAK LAN LCCDA LCRE LDRD LESAT
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NuPac Nuclear Pacific (manufacture
Page 21 and 22: SM Stationary Medium Power reactor
Page 23 and 24: W west WAG waste area group WCF Was
Page 25 and 26: GLOSSARY The terms defined in this
Page 27 and 28: compliance. Adherence to specific p
Page 29 and 30: historic context. An organizing str
Page 31 and 32: multi-component. A descriptive term
Page 33 and 34: econnaissance survey. A field surve
Page 35 and 36: Idaho National Laboratory Cultural
Page 37 and 38: elevant federal regulations, DOE-ID
Page 39 and 40: programs nationwide. As such, all I
Page 41: organization, agency, museum, or ot
Page 44 and 45: Figure 3. Regional setting of Idaho
Page 46 and 47: extruded from low-shield volcanoes,
Page 48 and 49: The relatively permanent water sour
Page 50 and 51: Gradually, as a result of this pale
Page 52 and 53: fauna, including now-extinct forms
Page 54 and 55: Figure 11. Elko corner-notched dart
Page 56 and 57: The absence of a restrictive sociop
Page 58 and 59: Figure 13. Big Lost River during se
Page 60 and 61: In the 1890s another way station or
Page 62 and 63: History: 1942 to Present In 1942, t
Page 64 and 65: south of MTR at ATRC. At the time o
Page 66 and 67: The Loss of Fluid Test (LOFT) progr
Page 68 and 69: Figure 24. Aerial view of MFC. Othe
Page 70 and 71: Responsibility for Resource Managem
Page 74 and 75: to the broad patterns of our histor
Page 76 and 77: available information of value. The
Page 78 and 79: times, including during an annual m
Page 80 and 81: INL CRM Office staff have also deve
Page 82 and 83: Figure 27. National Historic Preser
Page 84 and 85: encountered during any activity. Ac
Page 86 and 87: 2. No Adverse Effect. Cultural reso
Page 88 and 89: egular commentary on INL CRM Office
Page 90 and 91: Bonnichsen, B. and R. M. Breckenrid
Page 92 and 93: Executive Order 13287, 2003, “Pre
Page 94 and 95: Kurten, B. and E. Anderson, 1972,
Page 96 and 97: Pierce, K. L. and W. E. Scott, 1982
Page 98 and 99: Stacy, S., 2005a, Historic American
Page 101: Appendix A Legal Basis for Cultural
Page 104 and 105: “Federal Records Act of 1950,”
Page 106 and 107: * “National Environmental Policy
Page 108 and 109: “Preserve America,” 2003 (EO 13
Page 110 and 111: DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY DIRECTIVES Cul
Page 112 and 113: Figure 28. INL Environmental Policy
Page 114 and 115: Figure 30. Bechtel BWXT Environment
Page 116 and 117: *LWP-8000, “Environmental Instruc
Page 119 and 120: Appendix B American Indian Interest
Page 121 and 122: 3. Consultation. DOE and the Tribes
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Between the Shoshone-Bannock Tribes
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BACKGROUND U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERG
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III. THE DEPARTMENT WILL ESTABLISH
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Attachment 2 Agreement-in-Principle
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Attachment 3 Communications Protoco
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Communications Protocol August 10,
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undertaking. The intent of this not
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D. Revision of Procedures These pro
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Attachment 4 Memorandum of Agreemen
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Appendix C Standards and Procedures
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Appendix C Standards and Procedures
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As the INL Cultural Resource Manage
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inclusion in the INL cultural resou
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SHPO, and other involved parties. I
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esource base and enhance long-term
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of any given test excavation will d
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discussed under test excavations. A
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e eligible to the National Register
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Idaho National Laboratory Cultural
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Figure 33. INL CRM Office permit ap
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Figure 35. Intermountain Antiquitie
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Figure 35. (continued.) 153
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Appendix D Strategies and Procedure
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Appendix D Strategies and Procedure
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uildings have been demolished (e.g.
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POLICIES AND PROCEDURES FOR MANAGIN
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In addition to internal procedures,
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Council consultation, additional ti
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Determination of eligibility 35-mm
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Appendix E Research Designs 173
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Appendix E Research Designs INTRODU
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Therefore, the addressable research
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INL Research Design Each of the pro
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within the last 600 to 1000 years i
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originate and where most processing
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Site taxonomy is based on the amoun
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of the limited number of sites exca
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Research Topic: Historic Indian Occ
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However, artifacts that often have
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Research Question—Does the dramat
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stages of stone tool manufacture ar
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Appendix F Historic Contexts 197
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Appendix F Historic Contexts INTROD
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The Pocatello Naval Ordnance Plant.
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constructed) a rocket ordnance test
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In the Residential Area, the civili
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occurrence of such episodes, how to
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1952. These structures were — and
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scarce resource. Only uranium could
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highway could observe the steam and
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approved in 1962. To the dismay of
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supplied the NRTS as well. Argonne-
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after further testing. When a speci
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months or years of radiation exposu
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The MTR auxiliary buildings were or
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The MTR played a role in most of th
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Because the reactor would operate a
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working area, the Advanced Test Rea
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partners in the safe operation and
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DD&D of the OMRE. The facility then
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and Drydock Company would develop t
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Initially, the Navy sent about thre
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The Army, therefore, set out to exp
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gas-driven turbo-generator. It reac
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$6-7 million; for diesel, $350,000.
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The ANP support facilities were con
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Related to the SNAP program, the AE
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The SPERT experiments took place at
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vessel and control rod drive could
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The PBF reactor achieved its first
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Sub-Theme: Commercial Reactor Safet
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uranium was not a hazard, but the I
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North of the Waste Treatment Comple
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pneumatic transport techniques. Phi
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enriched fuels, aluminum-clad fuels
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uildings, and craft shops. Then the
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of building the reactor. Although t
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DOE is actively seeking new custome
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The three prototypes are presently
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ICPP complex. Changes in waste mana
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came to a halt, unfinished and sudd
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As the Cold War escalated, the numb
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e 3 × 10 11 curies, with an estima
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also became concerned about Rocky F
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Some of the cleanup involved moving
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cleanup, and remediation of nuclear
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Appendix G Programmatic Agreement 2
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289
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Appendix H Inventory of Known INL A
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Appendix H Inventory of Known INL A
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Table 5. (continued). INL Prehistor
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Table 6. INL prehistoric isolated f
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Table 7. INL historic and multi-com
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Table 7. (continued). INL Historic
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Appendix I INL Architectural Proper
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Appendix I INL Architectural Proper
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Table 8. Surveyed INL properties. B
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Table 8. (continued). Building or S
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Appendix J INL Cultural Resource Pr
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Appendix J INL Cultural Resource Pr
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Table 9. (continued). INL Cultural
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Table 9. (continued). Project Numbe
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Table 10. (continued). INL CRM Offi
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Table 10. (continued). INL CRM Offi
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Table 11. INL Cultural Resource Man
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Table 11. (continued). Project Numb
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Appendix K Goals and Tasks 453
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Appendix K Goals and Tasks INTRODUC
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Task 2. Maintain memberships in pro
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Appendix L Idaho National Laborator
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Appendix L Idaho National Laborator
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Figure 38. Example of INL Cultural
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Idaho National Laboratory Cultural Resource Management Plan

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