14th ICID - Poster Abstracts - International Society for Infectious ...

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When citing these abstracts please use the following reference: Author(s) of abstract. Title of abstract [abstract]. Int J Infect Dis 2010;14S1: Abstract number. Please note that the official publication of the International Journal of Infectious Diseases 2010, Volume 14, Supplement 1 is available electronically on http://www.sciencedirect.com Final Abstract Number: 78.002 Session: HIV: Opportunistic Infections & Malignancies Date: Friday, March 12, 2010 Time: 12:30-13:30 Room: Poster & Exhibition Area/Ground Level Type: Poster Presentation The role of the tuberculosis in outcome and treatment failure in HIV-infected Cambodian children V. Krcmery, B. Irad, J. Vujcikova, E. Mitterpachova, A. Kalavska, P. Kisac St. Elizabeth University College of Health and Social Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia Background: Tuberculosis and AIDS are considered to be a “deadly synergy” among HIVinfected children in Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: We have assessed a cohort of 118 HIV-infected children, 72 of them receive antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for an average of 38 months (12-63 months), for the prevalence of tuberculosis, anti-tuberculosis therapy, immune response to HAART and coincidence of other opportunistic infections. Table 1 shows a cohort of 40 HIV-infected children with tuberculosis (36 pulmonary and 4 extrapulmonary) compared to 32 HIV –infected children without tuberculosis but with AIDS and other opportunistic infections. Results: Children with tuberculosis were significantly younger (P
When citing these abstracts please use the following reference: Author(s) of abstract. Title of abstract [abstract]. Int J Infect Dis 2010;14S1: Abstract number. Please note that the official publication of the International Journal of Infectious Diseases 2010, Volume 14, Supplement 1 is available electronically on http://www.sciencedirect.com Final Abstract Number: 78.003 Session: HIV: Opportunistic Infections & Malignancies Date: Friday, March 12, 2010 Time: 12:30-13:30 Room: Poster & Exhibition Area/Ground Level Type: Poster Presentation AIDS-associated mycobacterial infections in a large urban hospital during the HAART era (2003- 2006) A. Sanche 1 , M. Nguyen 2 1 Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 2 University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA Background: Mycobacterial infections in HIV are well recognized. The aim of this study is to describe mycobacterial infections in HIV positive patients in a large urban setting with a large immigrant population in the HAART era by assessing mycobacterial species prevalence, clinical parameters, radiological findings, and survival rates. Methods: All mycobacterial cultures reported positive at Los Angeles County-University of Southern California Hospital from 2003 to 2006 were reviewed and their respective clinical charts analyzed. This descriptive retrospective study was approved by our local Institutional Review Board. Results: From 2003 to 2006, 965 mycobacterial isolates were obtained from 814 patients. Of these, 201 (25%) of the patients were HIV positive and accounted for 262 (27%) of the isolates. The average age of the patients was 42 years and the male:female ratio was 166:35. 65% of the patients’ country of origin was outside the United States. The mean CD4 count was 137 cells/mm3 and approximately 25% of patients were receiving antiretrovirals at the time of mycobacterial diagnosis. Of the HIV positive isolates, 30% were Mycobacterium tuberculosis and 70% were non-tuberculosis mycobacterial infections [Mycobacterium avium (39%), M. flavascens (1%), M. fortuitum (11%), M. gordonae (12%), M. kansasii (3%), M simiae (2%), M. terrae (0.8%), and M. xenopi (0.4%)]. For the Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the non-tuberculous mycobacteria, the body sites from which the isolates were obtained included pulmonary (64% and 80%), gastrointestinal (10% and 7%), skin/soft tissue (18% and 4%), hematologic (1% and 8%), central nervous sytstem (5% and 0.5%) and genitourinary (1% and 0.5%) respectively. 83% of all patients had abnormal chest radiographs. 3% of the M. tuberculosis isolates were multi-drug resistant. The survival rate of patients was 91% at 6 months, and 49 of the patients were lost to follow up. Conclusion: Unlike previous studies that report M. tuberculosis species as the predominate strain in AIDS-associated infections our survey demonstrated that Mycobacterium avium infections are the most common. This has clinical implications when treating AIDS patients with a positive acid-fast culture as the identification of the specimen is made.
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