14th ICID - Poster Abstracts - International Society for Infectious ...

When citing these abstracts please use the following reference:
Author(s) of abstract. Title of abstract [abstract]. Int J Infect Dis 2010;14S1: Abstract number.
Please note that the official publication of the International Journal of Infectious Diseases 2010, Volume 14, Supplement 1
is available electronically on http://www.sciencedirect.com
Final Abstract Number: 80.022
Session: Pediatric and Perinatal Infections
Date: Friday, March 12, 2010
Time: 12:30-13:30
Room: Poster & Exhibition Area/Ground Level
Type: Poster Presentation
Paediatric rotavirus disease in The Gambia: A hospital based sentinel study
R. C. Ideh 1 , O. RODRIGUES 2 , G. E. Armah 3 , A. S. Batchilly 4
1 MRC Laboratories (uk), The Gambia; , Banjul, Gambia, 2 University of Ghana Medical School,
Korle Bu, Ghana, 3 Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research , Legon, Ghana, 4 Royal
Victoria Teaching Hospital,, Banjul, Gambia
Background: Diarrhea is a major cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality with an estimated 3
million deaths per year of which about 20% are caused by rotavirus.
After more than a decade of the last published work on diarrheal disease in the Gambia, we
aimed to determine the disease burden and epidemiology of rotavirus diarrheal disease at the
Royal Victoria Teaching Hospital (RVTH), Banjul during the documented peak period of rotavirus
transmission.
Methods: From 1st January to 31st March 2006, eligible children aged 5years and below
admitted with gastroenteritis had their stools collected within 48 hours of admission and tested for
rotavirus, using ELISA (Dako ID EIATM Rotavirus test kits). Socio demographic data was
obtained using a study questionnaire.
Results: Out of 536 admissions, 187 (34.9%) had acute diarrheal disease and 148 stools tested
for rotavirus. Of the 148 specimens tested, 111 (75.0%) were positive for rotavirus antigen and 37
(25.0%) were negative. Ninety (81.1%) of the positive cases, were aged 12 months and below.
There was no significant difference in the age specific prevalence rates (c2 = 0.50, p = 0.48).
The mode of feeding, and other identifiable possible risk factors like socio economic class,
maternal education, level of hygiene practiced by the mother, method of excreta disposal, water
source, did not appear to have a significant effect on the risk of rotavirus infection. There was a
well-defined, period of peak transmission occurring between the third week of January and
second week of February 2006.
Mortality rate for acute diarrhea over the study period was 7.5%, with 50.0% of the stools of those
who died being positive for rotavirus.
One hundred and twenty (81.1%) of the patients had complete routine vaccination for age,
16(10.8%) had incomplete vaccination, while 12(8.1%) did not have available records.
Conclusion: Rotavirus remains a leading cause of diarrhea disease in children in the Gambia,
with significantly high mortality in the under 5 year old children during periods of high
transmission. Because of the high vaccination coverage noted among the children studied,
introduction of vaccines against rotavirus may be an effective control measure.