Public Management and Administration - Owen E.hughes

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Contents Preface vi 1 An Era of Change 1 2 The Traditional Model of Public Administration 17 3 Public Management 44 4 The Role of Government 71 5 Public Enterprise 94 6 Public Policy and Policy Analysis 113 7 Strategic Management 132 8 Personnel and Performance Management 149 9 Financial Management 165 10 E-government 182 11 Managing External Constituencies 202 12 Public Management in Developing Countries 218 13 Accountability 236 14 Conclusion: A New Paradigm for Public Management 256 References 283 Index 295 v
Preface Over the past 20 years the public sectors of Western countries have undergone major change as governments try to respond to the challenges of technological change, globalization and international competitiveness. This period saw wider-ranging public sector reforms than any other period of the twentieth century and with no sign of diminution of change into the early twenty-first century. It is argued here that this period of change represents a paradigm shift from the traditional model of public administration, dominant for most of the twentieth century, to ‘managerialism’ or public management. The theory of bureaucracy in its governmental context is being replaced by economic theories and provision by markets. This book provides an introduction to, and assessment of, the theories and principles of public management, particularly the public sector reforms associated with the movement most often referred to as ‘the new public management’ and compares and contrasts these with the traditional model of public administration. The managerial programme is an international one, with quite similar changes occurring in a range of different countries, although the extent of similarity is a point of controversy. What is more, there is common intellectual backing for these changes particularly in economic theory and the principles of private management. For this reason the book concentrates on the broad sweep of international developments rather than concentrating on individual national case studies that could obscure key issues in a mass of unnecessary detail. The third edition is a major rewrite with little that is unchanged. Chapters 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 13, 14 have been completely rewritten and Chapter 10 is new; Chapters 5, 6, 7, 11 and 12 have more minor changes. It maintains the same essential argument as the first two editions, but updates it in several areas. Events since the writing of the first edition have shown even more clearly that a major shift has been under way in the management of the public sectors around the world, although the pace of change has been greater in some countries, like New Zealand, Australia and the United Kingdom, than in others, such as the United States and Germany, although even there some signs of change are now apparent. It is also significant that public management is being adopted, in part, in a number of developing countries. It will be interesting to see to what extent public management can be successfully adopted by developing countries, a number of which have already taken significant initiatives, while others are actively seeking alternatives to the discredited traditional bureaucratic model. The first part (Chapters 1–3) sets out the competing theories of traditional public administration and public management. The two paradigms are argued to be quite different, resulting in contrasting conceptions of the public service, vi
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284 References Borins, Sandford (19
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286 References Glor, Eleanor D. (20
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288 References Jordan, Grant (1997)
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290 References Monroe, Kristen Renw
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294 References Wilson, Graham K. (1
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296 Index bureaucracy 1-5, 9, 15-43
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302 Index Ritter, G. 85, 86 role of
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