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the comparative degree of an adjective, but in anatomic nomenclature they are used
in the meaning of the positive degree:
superior, superius (superior, ius) – upper;
inferior, inferius (inferior, ius) – lower;
anterior, anterius (anterior, ius) – front;
posterior, posterius (posterior, ius) – back, rear.
E. g.: membrum superius (inferius) – upper (lower) extremity; arcus anterior
– front arc; facies articularis posterior – back joint surface.
In anatomic terminology the adjectives major (m, f), maius (n) – big, large
and minor (m, f), minus (n) – little, small are used to designate the objects forming
a pair:
circulus sanguinis major et minor – systemic or greater circulation and
pulmonary or lesser circulation;
pelvis major et minor – big and small pelvis.
To designate the objects non forming a pair the positive degree of these
adjectives is used: magnus, a, um – big and parvus, a, um – small.
E. g.: foramen occipitale magnum – big occipital foramen, arteria parva – small
artery.
The agreed attribute
The normal role of adjectives is to accompany nouns and to modify, or
limit, them in size, color, texture, character and so on; and, like nouns, adjectives
are declined. Naturally, therefore, an adjective agrees with its noun in gender,
number and case. More often the adjective follows the noun. The adjective with
respect to the noun is called the agreed attribute.
E. g.:
1) ligamentum, i n latus, a, um
ligamentum latum – wide ligament
2) dens, dentis m cariosus, a, um
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