Manual on the Development of Cleaner Production Policies ... - Unido

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DEVELOPMENT OF CP POLICY MODULE 1: INTRODUCING CP SLIDE: Sustainable development “Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” Sustainable development is a commonly used term, but many fail to consider what it means in practice. The objective of this slide is to introduce the concept, clarify the underlying assumptions and show that it affects the entire population, across generations. Background Many organizations are talking about sustainability yet it means different things to different people. Various terms in use include sustainable development, sustainable communities, sustainable agriculture and environmental sustainability. There are now hundreds of operational definitions, but most are variations of the first definition of sustainable development put forward by the Brundtland Commission, namely: “Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” This definition provides a common framework for sustainable development for localities across the world. The definition is purposefully vague, making it acceptable to a broad range of people and allowing them to create a more detailed interpretation. It contains within it two key concepts: • The concept of “needs”, in particular the essential needs of future generations, to which attention should be paid; and • The idea of limitations imposed by the state of technology and social organization on the environment’s ability to meet present and future needs. In the past, it was thought that economic development and environmental sustainability could not be achieved in unison. Sustainable development suggests that these two interests can actually complement one another. In addition to environmentally-sensitive development, sustainable development promotes intergenerational social equity, attempting to alleviate inequities in the current world, as well as for future generations. The goals of economic and social development must be defined in terms of sustainability in all countries whether developed or developing, market-oriented or centrally planned. http://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/ PAGE 10
DEVELOPMENT OF CP POLICY MODULE 1: INTRODUCING CP SLIDE: CP as a tool for sustainable development Cleaner Production is recognized as a tool that can contribute to the sustainable forms of economic development, as endorsed in Agenda 21 adopted by the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) (Chapters 20, 30 and 34). CP is a strategy that protects the environment, the consumer and the worker while improving the industrial efficiency, profitability and competitiveness of enterprises. This slide presents a brief overview of how Cleaner Production relates to the concept of sustainable development. It shows, in particular, the prominence of CP as a preferred environmental strategy of Agenda 21 that not only provides environmental benefits but also leads to the enhanced competitiveness of enterprises. Background Agenda 21 is essentially a programme of action covering forty different sectors and topics. It pays particular attention to national legislation, measures, plans, programmes and standards, and to the use of legal and economic instruments for planning and management. It is one of the most prominent, significant and influential non-binding instruments in the environmental field and has become a guide for environmental management in most regions of the world. Its most important impact, through its core concept of sustainable development, has been to extend the environmental debate beyond environmental ministries or departments, to include businesses, academia and civil society. Chapter 30 of Agenda 21 provides guidelines for meeting the goals and expectations set for businesses. To that end, Agenda 21 recommends: (a) To recognize environmental management as one of the highest corporate priorities; (b) To strengthen partnerships to implement principles of sustainable development; (c) To use economic instruments where prices of goods and services reflect environmental cost; (d) To adopt and report codes of conduct on environmental practice; (e) To cooperate with workers to improve knowledge of, and skills for, sustainable development; (f) To promote Cleaner Production as a preferred environmental strategy. Cleaner production is an integral, necessary component for achieving sustainable development. By eliminating or reducing waste at the source, economic development can continue to occur, but in a more environmentally sustainable manner. Some of the intrinsic concepts in CP that directly support sustainable development include: (a) Reduction of waste at source and reducing the use of raw materials as a more sustainable practice for the Earth’s limited resources; (b) Pollution prevention, which covers the environmental portion of the triple bottom line; (c) Greater degree of partnerships and communication with local governments, universities, and communities to ensure local participation and encourage equity; PAGE 11
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DEVELOPMENT OF CP POLICY—APPROACH
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