Manual on the Development of Cleaner Production Policies ... - Unido

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DEVELOPMENT OF CP POLICY MODULE 3: CP POLICY DEVELOPMENT CYCLE In addition to the highly targeted approach presented above, informal and formal meetings, conferences and seminars, and public hearings for policy drafting can also be used for CP awarenessraising. Much depends on the experience and credibility of the NCPC in this process. The higher its credibility, and the more informal contacts the staff of the NCPC maintains with policy players, the faster CP awareness can be built. The message has to be repeated a number of times before it is well understood. As noted earlier in module 2, participation in conferences and seminars or public consultations on new policies can be useful for building contacts and gaining experience, since they are also attended by policy makers. EXERCISE Divide the participants into groups of six, and in each group select three as CP sceptics and three as CP promoters. For the priority stakeholders (identified in the previous section) consider their influence on the political process, and the interest they could have in CP. Identify the factors that can lead to the recognition of Cleaner Production as an important tool in their area of interest. Finally, for each priority stakeholder, identify three reasons for CP. Present these to the sceptics and try to convince them of the benefit of CP. SLIDE: Setting up a high-level Steering Committee • Establish the rationale for two different groups for policy development; • Gain access to decision makers; • Provide guidance and oversight for the technical policy development group; • Refer to the UNEP International Declaration on CP. With this slide, present the rationale for two separate groups on policy development. The key message is that the Steering Committee will provide overall guidance and political support at the highest level, while the technical policy development group will be responsible for expert work and drafting the technical and operational details. Background It is recommended to have two separate groups involved in CP policy development. The high-level Steering Committee will provide senior political support and guidance, while the technical policy group, consisting of mid-level experts from the participating institutions, will focus on drafting the technical and operational details. The roles and activities of the two groups are thus clearly distinguishable from one another. The Steering Committee should include representatives of those stakeholders who expressed interest and support for CP and policy development. Ideally, high-level actors should include representatives of Ministries of the Environment and Natural Resources, the Ministry of Health (generally responsible for permitting and monitoring) and Ministries of Economy, Industry and Commerce (directly responsible for policy development). The business sector should be represented, perhaps through participants from business associations or a chamber of industry. A link to the National Assembly could be provided by the participation of a parliamentarian working in the Environmental Commission of the National Assembly. Other players may also be included; in this context, suggestions provided by key players during the first meeting could be of value. PAGE 58
DEVELOPMENT OF CP POLICY MODULE 3: CP POLICY DEVELOPMENT CYCLE It is vital from the policy development standpoint to maintain access to those with the power to initiate action. However, in addition to ensuring political support, the Steering Committee will also provide general guidance on possible policy direction and approaches. For example, the Steering Committee could oversee and endorse the work of the technical policy group, the latter providing specific expertise that the Steering Committee may lack. One interesting way of creating awareness of CP and ensuring the involvement of senior government actors is to lobby for the country’s signature of the International Declaration on Cleaner Production (see section in module 1 for further details). SLIDE: Establish a technical policy development group • An expert group representing key stakeholders; • The right size and composition; • Clear mechanisms for coordination of work, with well defined functions and objectives; • Communication with decision makers. A technical policy development group is the focal point of the daily effort. The main points to make are that the composition and size of the group should be appropriate to ensure the smooth coordination of the work of the group. Mechanisms, functions and objectives need to be clarified at the outset. Finally, communication needs to be maintained with the Steering Committee. Background The successful introduction of CP is not a matter of isolated efforts on the part of individual institutions. The key is the coordination of activities to introduce the concept to various sectors of society (industry, government, financial institutions, technical colleges, universities etc.) and at different levels, namely micro (e.g. companies and local enforcement agencies), intermediate (industry organizations) and national (environmental policies). Typically, these issues have several dimensions, including political and institutional, economic, scientific and technological ones. Members of the technical policy development group could be considered as policy advisers who focus on the collection of information, its analysis as well as the development of policy options for consideration by the Government and a wider consultative forum. Meanwhile, the Steering Committee will comment on draft technical proposals and will be charged with keeping CP on the policy agenda. The main consideration for the technical policy group is to include all interested and important stakeholders, but at the same time to find the right balance between the number of stakeholders involved and the ability to coordinate the work. On the one hand, the greater the number of stakeholders who participate, the broader the support for the effort and the better the outcome. Stakeholders need to be involved from the start when formulating and introducing integrated policies. On the other hand, above a certain threshold the process becomes unwieldy and simply scheduling meetings and working in a group becomes difficult. There is no simple solution to this dilemma. Experience shows that at the early stage it may be practical to keep the number of participants to around 12. The technical group will include representatives of the institutions participating in the Steering Committee, but does not need to be limited to those. If the enforcement of regulations is the domain of PAGE 59
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DEVELOPMENT OF CP POLICY—APPROACH
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