development report 2012 - UMAR

More documents

Recommendations

Info

140 Development Report 2012 Indicators of Slovenia’s development Private expenditure on education In 2009, the share of private expenditure on formal education 1 remained at roughly the same level as in the previous year. The share of private expenditure on education is, at the international level, an important indicator of financial access to education. In 2009, it totalled 11.5% for all levels of formal education, which is approximately the same figure as a year earlier. The share of private expenditure on education (the most recent international data) was below the EU average in 2008. In the whole period of SDS implementation, it declined by 2.3 p.p. The share of private expenditure on the pre-school level of education shrank in 2009, for the second consecutive year, while it increased at primary and upper secondary levels. According to the Kindergarten Act from 1996, the basis for the price paid by parents is the price of the programme attended by the child. It covers the costs of education, care and meals, but it does not include funds for investment and investment maintenance. In 2009, the share of private expenditure on pre-school education totalled 20.7%, 2 being the highest in the last three years among all levels of education. The decline in the share of private expenditure is also a result of the Act Amending the Pre-School Institutions (ZVrt-D) from 2008, stipulating that when more than one child from the family attends kindergarten, the parents pay a lower price by one category for the older child in the family and are exempt from payment for younger children. Another factor is an increase in the share of investment funds in total expenditure, which are not included in the price of the kindergarten programme paid by parents. In 2008, the share of private expenditure on pre-school education (22.5%) significantly exceeded the average of the 21 EU countries that are also OECD members (12.2%). The share of private expenditure on primary education totalled 8.7% in 2009 (up 0.5 p.p. from the year earlier). At the upper secondary level, it amounted to 8.9% (up 0.2 p.p. from the year before). Compared to 2005 (the beginning of SDS implementation), the share of private expenditure on primary education rose by 1 p.p., while at the upper secondary level the share remained more or less unchanged. 1 The share of private expenditure on educational institutions in total expenditure on educational institutions (public and private expenditure). Private expenditure on educational institutions includes expenditure of households and other private entities paid directly to educational institutions (expenditure on school fees, meals, open-air school, accommodation for pupils and students in residence halls, etc.). 2 The share was 1.8 p.p. smaller than in 2008, and 3.5 p.p. smaller than at the beginning of SDS implementation (2005). The share of private expenditure on tertiary education is low and in 2009 it declined further. Private expenditure at the tertiary level includes tuition fees, enrolment fees and other contributions, costs of accommodation in residence halls, etc.). In Slovenia, full-time study at the first and second levels is free, while part-time students pay high tuition fees. In 2009, the share of private expenditure amounted to 14.5% of GDP (1.3 p.p. less than a year earlier). The share of private expenditure on tertiary education has been shrinking for several years due to a decline in enrolment in part-time studies, and an increase in enrolment in 2 nd level Bologna studies, which are publicly funded for full-time students. 3 In the 2008/2009 academic year, no call for applications for pre-reform masters and specialist programmes was launched for first-year students, which led to a decrease in funds raised from tuition fees. Slovenia thus deviates from the common practice in most EU countries that have tuition fees not only in private, but also in public institutions, and is similar to some Northern European countries (Sweden, Finland, Norway), where public institutions are tuition free. In 2008, the share of private expenditure on tertiary education was below the EU average for the first time in the period of the implementation of SDS (in 2008: Slovenia: 16.2%; EU: 20.9%). During SDS implementation, the share of private expenditure on tertiary education dropped substantially, in contrast to the EU as a whole, where it rose. 3 Pursuant to the Decree amending the Decree on budgetary financing of higher education and other university member institutions from 2004 to 2008, passed in 2006, budget funding is provided to full-time students enrolled in post-secondary vocational and university degree programmes adopted prior to 11 June 2004, and to those enrolled in first- and second-level study programmes, excluding pre-graduation students at a higher-education institution in the current year.
Development Report 2012 Indicators of Slovenia’s development 141 Table: Share of private expenditure on all levels of formal education, EU-27, 1999–2008, in % 1999 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 EU-27 12.2 11.5 12.7 12.6 13.5 13.8 Austria 5.1 5.8 8.6 10.8 9.0 9.2 Belgium 5.0 7.9 5.8 5.6 5.6 5.7 Bulgaria 12.7 14.7 13.9 15.2 15.0 12.8 Cyprus 34.0 34.9 16.7 16.6 17.5 17.3 Czech Republic 12.4 10.1 12.4 11.1 11.3 12.7 Denmark 4.0 4.0 7.7 8.1 7.5 7.8 Estonia N/A N/A N/A N/A 6.5 5.3 Finland 2.2 2.0 2.2 2.5 2.5 2.6 France 8.1 8.8 9.2 9.1 9.0 10.0 Greece 6.7 6.2 6.0 N/A N/A N/A Ireland 7.3 7.0 6.3 6.2 5.2 6.2 Italy 9.7 9.1 9.5 7.7 8.9 8.6 Latvia 9.8 11.1 13.8 12.0 10.4 9.9 Lithuania N/A N/A 9.8 9.2 9.3 9.9 Hungary 12.1 11.7 8.7 9.5 N/A N/A Malta 6.1 10.6 5.3 N/A 5.7 5.0 Germany 19.2 18.9 18.0 14.8 14.6 14.6 Netherlands 16.3 15.9 16.0 15.7 16.2 16.4 Poland 3.1 N/A 9.3 9.5 9.4 12.9 Portugal 1.3 1.4 7.4 8.0 8.3 9.5 Romania 9.8 8.3 N/A N/A 10.8 N/A Slovakia 2.2 3.6 16.1 14.8 13.8 17.5 Slovenia 13.9 14.9 13.0 12.8 13.1 11.6 Spain 17.7 12.6 11.4 11.1 12.7 12.9 Sweden 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.7 2.6 2.7 United Kingdom 16.3 14.8 19.9 24.7 30.5 30.5 Source: Eurostat Portal Page – Population and Social conditions, 2012; Expenditure on formal education, Slovenia, 2005 – 2008 – final data – revision − SORS (2011); Expenditure on formal education, 2009 – provisional data − SORS (2011). Expenditure on formal education, 1995 – 2003 SORS (2006). Note: Data for Luxembourg not available: N/A – not available. Figure: Share of private expenditure on formal education, by level of education, Slovenia, 2005–2009, in % 30 25 2005 2008 2009 20 In % 15 10 5 0 Pre-school Primary Upper secondary Tertiary Source: Expenditure on formal education, Slovenia, 2005 – 2008 – final data – revision – SORS (2011); Expenditure on formal education, 2009 – provisional data – SORS (2011). Note: Indicators for Slovenia calculated based on the latest GDP revision (August 2011).
Page 1:
development report 2012
Page 5 and 6:
Development Report 2012 Contents 3
Page 7:
Development Report 2012 Contents 5
Page 10 and 11:
8 Development Report 2012 Main find
Page 12 and 13:
10 Development Report 2012 Summary
Page 15:
Part I Development by the prioritie
Page 18 and 19:
16 Development Report 2012 Developm
Page 20 and 21:
Page 22 and 23:
Page 24 and 25:
Page 26 and 27:
Page 28 and 29:
Page 30 and 31:
Page 32 and 33:
Page 34 and 35:
Page 36 and 37:
Page 38 and 39:
Page 40 and 41:
Page 42 and 43:
Page 44 and 45:
Page 46 and 47:
Page 48 and 49:
Page 50 and 51:
Page 52 and 53:
Page 54 and 55:
Page 56 and 57:
Page 58 and 59:
Page 60 and 61:
Page 62 and 63:
Page 64 and 65:
Page 66 and 67:
Page 68 and 69:
Page 70 and 71:
Page 72 and 73:
Page 74 and 75:
Page 76 and 77:
Page 78 and 79:
Page 80 and 81:
Page 82 and 83:
Page 84 and 85:
Page 86 and 87:
Page 88 and 89:
Page 90 and 91:
Page 93: Part II Indicators of Slovenia’s
Page 96 and 97: 94 Development Report 2012 Indicato
Page 102 and 103: 100 Development Report 2012 Indicat
Page 133 and 134: THE SECOND PRIORITY Efficient use o
Page 135 and 136: Development Report 2012 Indicators
Page 141: Development Report 2012 Indicators
Page 157: Development Report 2012 Indicators
Page 171 and 172: THE FOURTH PRIORITY: A modern welfa
Page 193 and 194:
Development Report 2012 Indicators
Page 195 and 196:
Page 197 and 198:
Page 199 and 200:
Page 201 and 202:
Page 203:
Page 206 and 207:
204 Development Report 2012 Indicat
Page 208 and 209:
Page 210 and 211:
Page 212 and 213:
Page 214 and 215:
Page 216 and 217:
Page 218 and 219:
Page 220 and 221:
Page 222 and 223:
Page 224 and 225:
Page 226 and 227:
Page 228 and 229:
Page 230 and 231:
Page 232 and 233:
Page 234 and 235:
Page 236 and 237:
234 Development Report 2012 Bibliog
Page 238 and 239:
Page 240 and 241:
Page 242 and 243:
Page 244 and 245:
Page 247 and 248:
Development Report 2012 Appendix 24
Page 249 and 250:
Development Report 2012 Appendix 24
Page 251:
development report 2012
show all

development report 2012 - UMAR

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?