development report 2012 - UMAR

230 Development Report 2012
Indicators of Slovenia’s development
Regional variation
in the registered
unemployment rate
In 2011 unemployment increased in all regions
other than the Pomurska region, which has the
highest registered unemployment rate. The most
heavily populated Osrednjeslovenska region, where
unemployment increased at an above-average rate
relative to 2010, accounts for over a fifth of total
unemployment. Similar developments were also
recorded by the Obalno-kraška, Notranjsko-kraška,
Jugovzhodna Slovenija and Goriška regions. In the
last the number of unemployed people has more
than doubled since 2008, 1 the largest increase among
all regions. The only region to see unemployment fall
in 2011 was the Pomurska region, but the number of
unemployed people was nevertheless 44% higher
than before the outbreak of the crisis. 2
The registered unemployment rate also rose in all
regions in 2011, except the Pomurska region. The
regions with above-average registered unemployment
rates have been the same for a number of years, and are
in the cohesion region of Vzhodna Slovenija. Despite a
1% decline in registered unemployment, the Pomurska
region still has the highest registered unemployment
rate (18%), which exceeds the national average by a
factor of 1.5, but this region also narrowed its gap to
the national average most in 2011. The lowest rate
(8.8%) was recorded by the Gorenjska region, while
the Obalno-kraška region, which had seen the lowest
unemployment rate a year earlier, recorded the
largest increase. With registered unemployment rates
increasing across almost all regions, the gap to the
national average was mainly reduced by regions with
above-average rates. Regional disparities in Slovenia
therefore declined, but the burden of unemployment
is still fairly unevenly distributed.
measured, was 2.1 in 2011 (down 0.3 on 2010).
The highest regional disparities were recorded in
2003; since which they have been falling gradually,
except in 2009 and 2010. In 2011 the registered
unemployment rate rose in all regions other than the
Pomurska region. The decline in regional disparities
is attributable to a faster increase in the registered
unemployment rate in regions with below-average
rates. With the registered unemployment rate falling
in the Pomurska region and increasing in the region
with the lowest rate (Gorenska in 2011), the ratio
between the two regions with the highest and lowest
rates declined to 1.9 (compared with 2.4 in 2010), the
lowest ratio since 2000.
The unemployment categories that recorded
the largest increases in terms of number and
share in 2011 were long-term unemployed,
older unemployed (aged over 50) and those
with at least higher education. The number of
unemployed persons seeking work for more than
a year is still growing. In some regions they already
account for more than half of all unemployment
(the Pomurska, Koroška, Spodnjeposavska, Savinjska
regions). The current labour market situation is also
unfavourable for older unemployed people. In the
Goriška and Notranjsko-kraška regions their number
more than doubled relative to 2008. This category of
unemployment accounts for the largest share (nearly
43%) in the Gorenjska region, where it also increased
most notably compared with 2010. The number of
unemployed people with at least higher education
also rose, by a quarter overall, most notably in the
Pomurska region (by just over 30%), although this
region has the lowest share (9%) of unemployed
people from this category. The largest shares of
unemployed people with higher education are in the
Osrednjeslovenska and Goriška regions (over 15%),
where the share of the general population with high
education is also above average.
Regional disparities in registered unemployment
rates declined in 2011. The measure of absolute
dispersion, 3 with which regional disparities are
1
The number of unemployed people in the Goriška region rose
by 125% or 2,906 persons.
2
By 2,932.
3
The measure of absolute dispersion:
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where = year,
= active population of the region,
= active population of Slovenia,
= registered unemployment rate of the regione,
= registered unemployment rate of Slovenia.