In Search of Enemies - A CIA Story - John Stockwell

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Bakongo Northern Angola Holden Roberto, president FNLA or National Front-1961, most warlike. Based in Zaire; initiated bloody revolt of 1961. Sporadic contact with CIA. 1973-1974 May 1974 Appendixes APPENDIX 1: An Angolan Chronology Portugal explores along Angolan coast. Portugal begins slave raids. Three major tribes conquered, but all resist consolidation of Portuguese rule. Mbundu Ovimbundu North Central Angola Central Angola (50 (Luanda) percent total population of Angola) Modem nationalist movements of Angola Agostinho Neto, Marxist intellectual, president MPLA Popular Movement; best political organization. Guerrillas fought from Zambian base and Congo (Brazzaville). Sporadic help from Russia. Jonas Savimbi, president UNIT A- 1966. Based in Zambia. Personally led guerrilla fighting from 1967-present. Twelve officers trained by North Koreans. Protracted guerrilla warfare begins, waged separately by all three movements, opposed by Portuguese army using NATO arms supplied by the United States. NSSM 39 ("Tar Babi' Report). The Portuguese army, tired of colonial wars, seizes government of Portugal. FNLA accepts large arms deliveries and ad visors from China and UNIT A receives arms from China. 112 Chinese advisors join FNLA in Zaire. China ships 450 tons of arms for FNLA.
IN SEARCH OF ENEMIES August 1974 Fall 1974 January 15, 1975 January 26, 1975 February 1975 March 1975 July 1975 CIA begins covert funding of Roberto (not approved by 40 Committee) and lobbies in Washington for support for FNLA. Soviets react to Chinese and United States initiatives by announcing moral support of MPLA. Soviets begin filtering small amounts of arms to MPLA via Congo (Brazzaville). In the Alvor Accord all three liberation movements agree to peaceful competition, under Portuguese supervision, for elections and independence scheduled for November II, 1975. 40 Committee approves s300,ooo for Roberto. FNLA destroys prospect for peaceful solution by attacking MPLA in Luanda and northern Angola. Soviets respond by escalating their arms shipments to the MPLA. Soviet and Cuban advisors go to Angola. 40 Committee approves s14 million paramilitary program to support FNLA and UNIT A against MPLA. MPLA evicts FNLA and UNIT A from Luanda. United States ignores Senegal's appeals for United Nations or Organization of African Unity mediation. CIA arms deliveries begin going into Angola via the Kinshasa airport. Zairian army armored units join FNLA and UNIT A in Angola.
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·As Saigon fals, the CIA destab1 1
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W.W. Norton & Company, Inc .. 500 F
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Contents Author's Note 9 Acknowledg
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Author's Note In December 1976 I ad
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Author's Note [n] by authors-Philip
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Author's Note Oth~~ad reached the s
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Author's Note th..eir public servan
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IN SEARCH OF ENEMIES cially helpful
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[20] IN SEARCH OF E N EMIES four-by
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{22] IN SEARCH OF ENt: MIES awake f
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SAUDI MAURITANIA ARABIA SCALE OF MI
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.r·· -
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. I Saigon to Washington A Braniff
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Saigon to Washington (33] struck at
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Saigon to Washington [35] It is a t
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Saigon to Washington l37] a program
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Saigon to Washington [39] quietly,
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The Angola Program "Well, disgrace
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The Angola Program (43] "We may ver
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The Angola Program (45] I kept expe
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The Angola Program [47] and country
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The Angola Program [49] later wrote
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The Angola Program Atlantic area, a
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The Angola Program [53] mit them to
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The Angola Program [55] cially, the
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3 Footsoldiers of Foreign Policy Th
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Footsoldiers of Foreign Policy Air
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Footsoldiers of Foreign Policy [61]
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Footsoldiers of Foreign Policy been
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Footsoldiers of Foreign Policy Marx
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Footsoldiers of Foreign Policy don'
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Footsoldiers of Foreign Policy [6')
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CIA People Policies tongue tip the
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CIA People Policies (73] I wanted N
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CIA People Policies find in Angola.
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CIA People Policies [77] SOG sent u
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CIA People Policies [79] Carl Banta
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CIA People Policies [81] But there
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CIA People Policies (83] but now he
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CIA People Policies [85] Potts quic
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Our Little·Known Allies FNLA insid
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Our Little-Known Allies one at CIA
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Our Little·Known Allies On Friday,
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Our Little-Known Allies [93] call t
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Our Little-Known Allies (95) was a
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Our Little-Known Allies [97] wasn't
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Our Little-Known Allies (99] boxes
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Kinshasa (IOI] ity. * Probably most
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Kinshasa ing my French. Some time l
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Kinshasa [m5] was handling some of
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Kinshasa consular officers; others
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Kinshasa St. Martin's living room w
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Kinshasa [111] reports repeatedly d
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Kinshasa [113] taining a succession
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Kinshasa (115) named after a missio
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Kinshasa of other matters to discus
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Roberto watching the forest below a
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Roberto [121] a small colonial hous
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Roberto (123] tighten. It was pitch
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Roberto [tz5] troops? In Ambriz I c
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Roberto and harassed all present, w
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Roberto that Roberto didn't know wh
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Roberto [131] Roberto intensely des
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Roberto [133]
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Roberto [ 135) if IAFEA TURE ever b
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Roberto [137] ready access to Presi
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Savimbi [139) A liberation movement
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Savimbi [141] roadside, soldiers an
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Savimbi [143] Savimbi speaking in h
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Savimbi [145] • Savimbi and a con
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Sa vim bi [147] he was expelled fro
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Sa vim bi (149] "Things did not loo
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Sa vim bi heavily on the overloaded
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Sa vim bi [153) Savimbi and General
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Savimbi "It is hard to be exact," h
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9 The Economy-Size War My plane fro
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The Economy-Size War huge oak confe
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The Economy-Size War State Departme
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The Economy-Size War (163] thunder
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The Economy-Size War [165) 1,000 UN
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The Economy-Size War - ' - .... . .
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The Economy-Size War Among other me
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The Economy-Size War was a direct c
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The Economy-Size War (173] so their
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The Economy-Size War [175] out that
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Advisors, Technicians, and Foreign
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11 Propaganda and Politics Politica
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Propaganda and Politics stormily th
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Propaganda and Politics World inter
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Propaganda and Politics [197] skysc
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Propaganda and Politics and restles
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Propaganda and Politics [201] see M
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12 Business and Money What role doe
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Business and Money [205) Department
Page 206 and 207: Business and Money [207] The s31.7
Page 208 and 209: Business and Money [209] commercial
Page 210 and 211: Business and Money (211] ited in Eu
Page 212 and 213: 13 Disaster On November 11, 1975, t
Page 214 and 215: Disaster [215] over half that of th
Page 216 and 217: Disaster (217) was depleted, and no
Page 218 and 219: Disaster [219) human side of IAFEA
Page 220 and 221: Disaster [221] Corps Reserves and h
Page 222 and 223: Disaster [223] Number Monthly Salar
Page 224 and 225: Disaster [225] Mercenary George Cul
Page 226 and 227: 14 CIA v. Congress It was back in S
Page 228 and 229: CIA v. Congress Southeast Asia, whe
Page 230 and 231: CIA "· Congress [231] The battle w
Page 232 and 233: CIA Y. Congress [233] In mid-Januar
Page 234 and 235: CIA "· Congress [235) had signed t
Page 236 and 237: CIA Y. Congress [237] headquarters
Page 238 and 239: CIA r. Congress [239] mediately put
Page 240 and 241: Disengagement blasted UNIT A out of
Page 242 and 243: Disengagement [243] while the F-27
Page 244 and 245: Disengagement (245} departures to A
Page 246 and 247: Disengagement (247] The IAMASKs wer
Page 248 and 249: Postscript I knew I should resign.
Page 250 and 251: Postscript never secret for long. I
Page 252 and 253: Postscript [253] the CIA is essenti
Page 254 and 255: I I I I . I i f I ! I ! ' ' I Appen
Page 258 and 259: Appendixes (259) August 1975 Early
Page 260 and 261: Appendixes [261] APPENDIX 2: Contro
Page 262 and 263: I . Appendixes [263] APPENDIX 4: Su
Page 264 and 265: Appendixes APPENDIX 5: Total Arms a
Page 266 and 267: Appendixes APPENDIX 6: Total Arms a
Page 268 and 269: Appendixes APPENDIX 7 Adm. Stansfie
Page 270 and 271: Appendixes We were proud of the ope
Page 272 and 273: Appendixes books with a more object
Page 274 and 275: Appendixes (275) mind. That right i
Page 276 and 277: Index Africa Division, see CIA Agee
Page 278 and 279: Index [279] as .. footsoldiers of f
Page 280 and 281: Index ~. papers and presentations t
Page 282 and 283: Index Ottaway, David, 168, 194 Ovim
Page 284: Index [285] organizational chain of
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In Search of Enemies - A CIA Story - John Stockwell

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