Draft National Wind Farm Development Guidelines - July 2010

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Percival, S.M. 2003, Birds and windfarms in Ireland: a review of potential issues and impact assessment, Ecology Consulting, Durham, United Kingdom. Percival, S.M. 2007. Predicting the effects of wind farms on birds in the UK: the development of an objective assessment method. In Lucas, M., Janss, G. F. E., & Ferrer, M. (eds) Birds and Wind Farms Quercus, Madrid. Planning and Environment Act 1987, Planning and Environment Regulations, Form 11, Section 97, 2005, Victoria. Planning SA 2002, Planning bulletin: windfarms, Draft for consultation, South Australia. Powlesland, R.G. 2009, Impacts of wind farms on birds: a review, Science for Conservation 289, Department of Conservation, New Zealand. Reynolds, R. T., Scott, J. M. & Nussbaum, R. A. 1980. A variable circular plot method for estimating bird numbers. Condor 82: 309 – 313. Rodrigues, L., Bach, L., Dubourg-Savage, M.-J., Goodwin, J. & Harbusch, C. 2008, Guidelines for consideration of bats in wind farm projects, EUROBATS, Publication series no. 3 (English version). UNEP/EUROBATS Secretariat, Bonn, Germany, pp. 51. Ruddock, M. & Whitfield, D.P. 2007, A review of disturbance distances in selected bird species, Natural Research (Projects) Ltd. Scottish Natural Heritage 2005, Survey methods for use in assessing the impacts of onshore windfarms on bird communities, Guidance note, November 2005. Scottish Natural Heritage 2009a, Guidance on methods for monitoring bird populations at onshore wind farms, Guidance note, January 2009. Scottish Natural Heritage 2009b, Monitoring the impacts of onshore wind farms on birds, Guidance note, January 2009. Smales, I. 2005. Bird and Bat Collision Risk Assessment for proposed Butoni Wind Farm, Sigatoka, Fiji. Biosis Research report for Fiji Electricity Authority. Smales, I. 2006. Impacts of avian collisions with wind power turbines: an overview of the modelling of cumulative risks posed by multiple wind farms. Biosis Research report for Dept. of the Environment & Heritage Australia. Smales, I., Muir, S. & Meredith, C. 2006. Modelled cumulative impacts on the Orangebellied Parrot of wind farms across the species’ range in south-eastern Australia. Biosis Research & Symbolix report for Dept. of the Environment & Heritage Australia. Sovacool, B.K. 2009, Contextualizing avian mortality: a preliminary appraisal of bird and bat fatalities from wind, fossil-fuel, and nuclear electricity, Energy Policy, vol. 37, pp. 2241-2248. Sustainable Energy Authority Victoria 2003, Policy and planning guidelines for development of wind energy facilities in Victoria, Victorian Government, Australia. The Ornithological Society of New Zealand, Inc. Birds and Wind Farm Developments. USDA Forest Service & Pacific Southwest Research Station 2007, Evaluating pre-construction sampling regimes for assessing patterns of bat activity at a wind energy development in Southern California, Pier final project report, prepared for California Energy Commission. Vonhof, M. 2002. Handbook of Inventory Methods and Standard Protocols for Surveying Bats in Alberta. (Alberta Sustainable Resource Development, Fish and Wildlife Division, Edmonton, Alberta. APPENDIX 5. Bats and Wind Turbines. Pre-siting and pre-construction survey protocols (Revised May 2008) Washington Department of fish and wildlife (WDFW) 2009, Wind power guidelines, Olympia, WA. Western Australian Planning Commission 2004, Guidelines for wind farm development, Planning Bulletin, Western Australia, no. 67, issn 1324-9142. Page 144 Draft National Wind Farm Development Guidelines – 2 July 2010
Young, D. P. Jr., Erickson, W. P., Good, R. E., Strickland, M. D. and G. D. Johnson. 2003. Avian and bat mortality associated with the initial phase of the Foote Creek Rim Windpower Project, Carbon County, Wyoming. WEST Inc., Cheyenee, WY. Prepared for: Pacificorp, Inc. Portland Oregon, SeaWest Windpower Inc., San Diego, California and Bureau of Land Management, Rawlins, Wyoming. Draft National Wind Farm Development Guidelines – 2 July 2010 Page 145
Page 1:
EPHC National Wind Farm Development
Page 5:
Acknowledgements These Guidelines h
Page 8 and 9:
A.6.1 Site selection 28 A.6.2 Proje
Page 10 and 11:
E.7 Technical discussion of key con
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The 20/20 target is challenging; ho
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Table 1-1 Elements of a ‘wind far
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2 Principles for responsible wind f
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3 Wind Farm Specific Issues The spe
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Specific noise limits are not provi
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3.5 Shadow flicker The issue Shadow
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Guidance notes Heritage issues are
Page 26 and 27:
Table 4-1 Typical decision process
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The studies and community consultat
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A Community and Stakeholder Consult
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• Responsive There is a comm
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Figure A-1 IAP2 Public Participatio
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Specific components which should be
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Figure A-2 Example of Good Practice
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Recording the occurrence and outcom
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A.6.6 Decommissioning Planning & Co
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Potential Stakeholders Consultation
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B Noise B.1 Introduction This Appen
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the converse. These Guidelines reco
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The Standard should form the basis
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Stage and methodology Construction
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Other noise-sensitive uses such as
Page 57 and 58:
Table B-2 Existing state and territ
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Establish background noise monitori
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As noted in Section 6.3.1 of AS4959
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predicted levels are significantly
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Prepare expert evidence (as require
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Undertake unattended monitoring to
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assessment of wind farm noise emiss
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B.4.5 Decommissioning Noise-related
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If a significant amount of time has
Page 75 and 76:
B.7 Technical discussion of key con
Page 77 and 78:
The HGC Engineering report 10 also
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C Landscape C.1 Introduction This A
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• Cumulative impacts “Cumulativ
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C.2 Overview of Methodologies Figur
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C.3 Task Methodologies C.3.1 Projec
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• State Relevant State herita
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The preliminary landscape character
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• Identifying and describing (in
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Advanced photomontages should also
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C.4.2 Visual Impact Assessment The
Page 97 and 98:
C.4.2.4 Assessment of cumulative im
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the implementation of agreed change
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Figure C-2 IBRA mapping of Australi
Page 103 and 104: Table C-4 Mapping of landscape char
Page 105 and 106: C.7.2 Levels of significance What a
Page 107 and 108: Consider ‘Supporting Evidence’
Page 109 and 110: information available for other sit
Page 111 and 112: Figure C-4 Example of viewshed mapp
Page 113 and 114: Figure C-6 Example of photomontages
Page 115 and 116: communicate broad-scale ideas and p
Page 117 and 118: Table C-5 Mapping other wind farms
Page 119 and 120: C.7.9 Glossary & acronyms Australia
Page 121: Viewpoint The point from which a vi
Page 124 and 125: D.1.2 Underlying approach The under
Page 126 and 127: All of the above is generally appli
Page 128 and 129: the operational wind farm is aimed
Page 130 and 131: D.4 Task methodologies D.4.1 Site S
Page 132 and 133: area as it was not collected accord
Page 134 and 135: used throughout these Guidelines as
Page 136 and 137: wind farms. Such data from existing
Page 138 and 139: considered acceptable, undesirable,
Page 140 and 141: construction phase are identified d
Page 142 and 143: Searches for dead birds and bats ar
Page 144 and 145: D.5 Cumulative impacts D.5.1 Defini
Page 146 and 147: in the absence of any turbine colli
Page 148 and 149: that it was first observed. Where m
Page 150 and 151: e the case that assessment for bats
Page 152 and 153: Department of Primary Industries, W
Page 157 and 158: E Shadow Flicker E.1 Introduction T
Page 159 and 160: • The use of recreational facilit
Page 161 and 162: • The method is inherently linked
Page 163 and 164: Table E-1 Recommended exposure limi
Page 165 and 166: E.4.4 Construction Assessment of th
Page 167 and 168: E.7 Technical discussion of key con
Page 169 and 170: Figure E-4 Variation in shading wit
Page 171 and 172: common practice varies between one
Page 173: as the actual limit, rather than th
Page 176 and 177: likely to be obstructed. Radiocommu
Page 178 and 179: Licensed radiocommunications servic
Page 180 and 181: Figure F-1 EMI mitigation methodolo
Page 182 and 183: F.4 Task methodologies F.4.1 Projec
Page 184 and 185: Expected timeframe for evaluation r
Page 186 and 187: The near field zone can be calculat
Page 188 and 189: Develop mitigation strategy As a st
Page 190 and 191: aseline RF survey which involves th
Page 193 and 194: G Wind Farm Development Process G.1
Page 195 and 196: Project Sub-stages Activities to be
Page 197 and 198: Preliminary Technical Studies Issue
Page 199 and 200: Planning application (PA2) The plan
Page 201 and 202: Develop mitigation strategy Finalis
Page 203 and 204: Environmental Management Plans Issu
Page 205 and 206:
Monitoring: confirmation (O3) Confi
Page 207 and 208:
Decommissioning (D2) Once a decisio
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