Draft National Wind Farm Development Guidelines - July 2010

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It may be worthwhile contacting local tourism operators, travel agents and regional tourism organisations to assist in identifying potential impacts of the proposed wind farm on values held by non-local communities and visitors. C.4.2.2 Assessment of impacts on viewsheds and views The assessment should identify, rate and describe the visibility and relative visual intrusion of the wind farm development on identified viewsheds and views. Particular consideration should be given to: • Regionally and/or locally significant views and viewing locations, as identified in the C.4.1.3 Viewshed and views analysis. • Key views and viewing locations from which the wind farm will be viewed (public and private), as identified in the C.4.1.3 Viewshed and views analysis. • The expected number of viewers at each viewing location, taking into consideration land tenure and access, occurrence of tourism and recreation locations. • The distance from which the wind farm, or elements of it, will be viewed (from identified key public and private locations) (identification of distance zones may be appropriate). • The benefit of keeping the outlook from at least one side of a dwelling free of views of the wind farm development. • Local transient, seasonal and climatic influences on visibility (e.g. atmospheric effects). • Occurrence of other buildings and structures and vegetation which will affect visibility. • Attributes of the wind farm turbines or ancillary infrastructure relevant to understanding visual intrusion (e.g. movement, colour, materials, reflectivity, transparency). C.4.2.3 Assessment of impacts on community values Input should be sought from community stakeholders to assist in describing potential impacts (positive and/or negative) of the proposed wind farm on identified valued landscape character and features. Ideally input would be sought from those individuals involved in identification of values of the subject landscape (see C.4.1.4 Community values analysis). In seeking community stakeholder input, the proponent should provide sufficient information to inform the assessment, including: • Information reflecting the conclusions of the Full Landscape Assessment, including those informed by direct community input or derived from other sources (e.g. research or previous studies). • A description of the development, cross-sections, photomontages, viewshed mapping analysis), 3D simulations and the Full Landscape Assessment report (see page 80). • Any other technical reports which assist to understand landscape impacts (potentially including reports by other consultants). • The proponent may also choose to provide information relating to other studies (e.g. flora and fauna, cultural heritage) to assist community understanding of landscape values. This information should then be analysed to evaluate the impact of the of the proposed wind farm (including all components) on community-held values of the landscape and surrounding area. Page 86 Draft National Wind Farm Development Guidelines – 2 July 2010
C.4.2.4 Assessment of cumulative impacts Illustrative materials developed as part of the Preliminary Landscape Assessment (e.g. cumulative impact mapping, viewshed mapping, 3D simulations) should be used to describe and assess the cumulative impacts that may occur as a result of the proposed wind farm development. The assessment needs to consider the full suite of changes (direct and indirect) that may occur as a result of the wind farm development, including the introduction of turbine towers into the landscape, vegetation clearing on the site for foundations and access roads, site substation and office/storage infrastructure, and off-site works (e.g. new quarries). Consideration should be given to impacts arising from: • Adding to or expanding an existing wind farm (where relevant). • The occurrence of two or more wind farms visible from one location. • The effect of seeing two or more wind farms along a single journey (e.g. a major route between two towns, identified tourism trail or walking track). • The visual compatibility of different wind farms in the same vicinity (e.g. are they of the same design and style). • Perceived or actual change in land use across a landscape character type or region. • Loss of a characteristic element (e.g. a sense of openness, or a specific landscape feature) across a landscape character type caused by multiple developments across that character type. The assessment should then evaluate the cumulative impacts on the landscape (positive and/or negative) that may occur as a result of the proposed wind farm development. Questions that should be addressed include: • Will the combined impact create an unacceptable degree of adverse effect on the community and observers within the area • Will the local presence of wind turbines combine to become the strongest characterising influence such that a new or more general landscape character area would be formed C.4.3 Response to Impacts The output from the tasks below is a Landscape and Visual Assessment Recommendations Report that: • Responds to the outcomes of the Full Landscape Assessment and Visual Impact Assessment • Responds and addresses impacts identified and assessed in terms of the regional and local landscape, and visual impacts at the site level. • Describes the opportunities and constraints for the overall siting and design of the wind farm in response to identified impacts. • Describes the opportunities and constraints for the layout and design of turbines and ancillary features in response to identified impacts. • Develops options and evaluates the suitability of these measures with members of communities and relevant stakeholders. • Identifies commitments that have been made to respond to impacts. • Includes a description of the remaining negative impacts and the likely potential to mitigate these impacts. Draft National Wind Farm Development Guidelines – 2 July 2010 Page 87
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EPHC National Wind Farm Development
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Acknowledgements These Guidelines h
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A.6.1 Site selection 28 A.6.2 Proje
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E.7 Technical discussion of key con
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The 20/20 target is challenging; ho
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Table 1-1 Elements of a ‘wind far
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2 Principles for responsible wind f
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3 Wind Farm Specific Issues The spe
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Specific noise limits are not provi
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3.5 Shadow flicker The issue Shadow
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Guidance notes Heritage issues are
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Table 4-1 Typical decision process
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The studies and community consultat
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A Community and Stakeholder Consult
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• Responsive There is a comm
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Figure A-1 IAP2 Public Participatio
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Specific components which should be
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Figure A-2 Example of Good Practice
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Recording the occurrence and outcom
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A.6.6 Decommissioning Planning & Co
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Page 77 and 78: The HGC Engineering report 10 also
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Page 117 and 118: Table C-5 Mapping other wind farms
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Page 124 and 125: D.1.2 Underlying approach The under
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in the absence of any turbine colli
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that it was first observed. Where m
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e the case that assessment for bats
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Department of Primary Industries, W
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Percival, S.M. 2003, Birds and wind
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E Shadow Flicker E.1 Introduction T
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• The use of recreational facilit
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• The method is inherently linked
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Table E-1 Recommended exposure limi
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E.4.4 Construction Assessment of th
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E.7 Technical discussion of key con
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Figure E-4 Variation in shading wit
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common practice varies between one
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as the actual limit, rather than th
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likely to be obstructed. Radiocommu
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Licensed radiocommunications servic
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Figure F-1 EMI mitigation methodolo
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F.4 Task methodologies F.4.1 Projec
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Expected timeframe for evaluation r
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The near field zone can be calculat
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Develop mitigation strategy As a st
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aseline RF survey which involves th
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G Wind Farm Development Process G.1
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Project Sub-stages Activities to be
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Preliminary Technical Studies Issue
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Planning application (PA2) The plan
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Develop mitigation strategy Finalis
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Environmental Management Plans Issu
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Monitoring: confirmation (O3) Confi
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Decommissioning (D2) Once a decisio
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Draft National Wind Farm Development Guidelines - July 2010

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