Grain Legumes and Green Manures for Soil Fertility in ... - cimmyt
Grain Legumes and Green Manures for Soil Fertility in ... - cimmyt
Grain Legumes and Green Manures for Soil Fertility in ... - cimmyt
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Table 4. Summary statistics <strong>for</strong> OlS Estimation <strong>for</strong> factors<br />
affect<strong>in</strong>g groundnut productivity<br />
Variable Coefficient t·velue Significance<br />
-<br />
Constant ·28.458 ·1.014 0.313 <br />
Area under groundnut production 0.395 5.434 0.000 <br />
Sell<strong>in</strong>g price of groundnut 0.466 6.508 0.000 <br />
Amount of permanent labour to 0.162 2.332 0.022 <br />
work <strong>in</strong> fields<br />
Sell<strong>in</strong>g price of maize ·0.028 ·0.415 0.679<br />
R·Square adjusted - 0.58 F- 34.82 Significance- 0.000<br />
Source: Survey data<br />
Conclusion<br />
Consumption requirements of the household were<br />
shown to be the primary reason <strong>for</strong> produc<strong>in</strong>g<br />
legumes, followed by <strong>in</strong>come <strong>and</strong> lastly soil fertility<br />
reasons. Farmers do not deliberately grow legumes<br />
<strong>for</strong> soil fertility improvement despite the fact that<br />
they are consciously aware of some soil fertility<br />
benefits from grow<strong>in</strong>g legumes. The potential <strong>for</strong><br />
exp<strong>and</strong><strong>in</strong>g legume production has not been realized<br />
due to a shortage of l<strong>and</strong> resources <strong>and</strong> lack of<br />
knowledge, among other factors. Legume<br />
productivity was generally low <strong>in</strong> the area. Area<br />
under groundnut production, labour availability,<br />
<strong>and</strong> groundnut output prices are important factors<br />
affect<strong>in</strong>g legume productivity <strong>in</strong> the smallholder<br />
farm<strong>in</strong>g systems. Cowpea, which is a multipurpose<br />
gra<strong>in</strong> legume, was more attractive compared to<br />
green manures. This <strong>in</strong>dicates that legumes with<br />
multiple uses have a higher adoption potential than'<br />
green manures.<br />
There is need <strong>for</strong> extension services, nongovernmental<br />
organizations <strong>and</strong> market<strong>in</strong>g<br />
agencies <strong>in</strong>terested <strong>in</strong> the production of legumes to<br />
provide <strong>in</strong>centives <strong>and</strong> improve access to <strong>in</strong>puts (e.<br />
g. seed, fertilizers) to encourage farmers to <strong>in</strong>crease<br />
l<strong>and</strong> area under legume production. Benefits of<br />
legumes need to be expla<strong>in</strong>ed to farmers, especially<br />
by health <strong>and</strong> community workers, as they can help<br />
contribute to fight aga<strong>in</strong>st malnutrition reported <strong>in</strong><br />
many communal areas of Zimbabwe. Increas<strong>in</strong>g the<br />
availability of credit can enable farmers to purchase<br />
the needed <strong>in</strong>puts <strong>in</strong> legume production such as<br />
hir<strong>in</strong>g labour <strong>and</strong> purchas<strong>in</strong>g seeds. This could help<br />
relieve farmers from some major constra<strong>in</strong>ts such as<br />
labour shortages ' <strong>and</strong> so <strong>in</strong>crease legume<br />
productivity that would benefit farmers through<br />
more consumption, farm <strong>in</strong>comes <strong>and</strong> soil fertility<br />
improvement through effective maize-legume<br />
rotations.<br />
References<br />
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226<br />
<strong>Gra<strong>in</strong></strong> legumes <strong>and</strong> <strong>Green</strong> <strong>Manures</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Fertility</strong> <strong>in</strong> Southern Africa