Principles of Modern Radar - Volume 2 1891121537

Index 835SINR loss for, 141, 142fGround-penetrating radar (GPR) imaging,183, 188–191, 190f, 191fGround plane. See Slant/ground planeoperations, stripmap SARGround surveillance radars, performancespecifications, 706–707, 706tGroup delay, 53instantaneous frequency and, 50, 51f, 52GSC. See Generalized sidelobe canceller(GSC)GSM. See Global System for MobileCommunications (GSM)GTD. See Geometric theory of diffraction(GTD)Guard band channels, 571Guard channel, SLB, 556Guard gates, 575–576, 575fGZW. See Goldstein-Zebker-Werner (GZW)algorithmHHamming taper, 51Hard thresholding operation, 175Harmonic analysis, 54Hausdorff distance, 648–649Helmholtz equation, 153Herglotz kernel method, 191–193Hermitian matrix, 471–472Heterodyne receiver, 28Heterogeneous clutter, 492Hidden Markov model (HMM)SAR, 650–651High-definition vector imaging, 643High-performance embedded computing(HPEC), 87High range resolution (HRR), 2, 4, 34–36,60f, 631, 658image formation, ISAR, 653SF waveform, 59High resolution elevation (HRE), 344High-resolution range profiles(HRRPs)observing feature set, 659–660selecting feature set, 659testing feature set, 660–661High-resolution terrain information(HRTI), 344High time bandwidth waveforms, periodicvs., 517, 517fHilbert-Schmidt distance, 642HMM. See Hidden Markov model (HMM)Hold phase, in pull-off sequence, 544Home-on-jam (HOJ), 541, 580HOMHT. See Hypothesis-oriented MHT(HOMHT)Homodyne (single-stage) receiver, 28Hough transform, 649ISAR, 655HPEC. See High-performance embeddedcomputing (HPEC)HRR. See High range resolution (HRR)HRRPs. See High-resolution range profiles(HRRPs)HRTI. See High-resolution terraininformation (HRTI)Human–dismount detection, 705–729acronyms, 710characterization, human returns, 710–719body coordinate system, defined,713–714, 713fBoulic-Thalmann model, 713–718,713f, 715f, 716f, 717texpected radar return from humantarget, 711–712, 712fheel strike (HS), 713human kinematic models, 712–716,713f, 715f–716flifting of toe (TL), 713RCS modeling, 718–719, 719trelative time parameter, 714ground clutter, 706–707key points, 708knowledge exploitation for detection andclassification, 727–729, 727fnotation, 708–709overview, 705–708spectrogram analysis, human returns,719–721, 721ftechnical challenges, 722–727inherent output SNR losses, 725–727,725f, 727fmitigate clutter effects with STAP,722–724, 724fslow-moving target detection andGMTI radars, 722, 722fHuman kinematic models, 712–716, 713f,715f–716fHuman micro-Doppler signature, 710–711Huynen fork, 606Hypothesis-oriented MHT (HOMHT),682–685, 682f, 682t, 683t, 684tIIBW. See Instantaneous bandwidth (IBW)ICA. See Independent component analysis(ICA)ICX Technologies, 706IDFT. See Inverse DFT (IDFT)IDR. See Instantaneous dynamic range (IDR)IEDs. See Improvised explosive devices(IEDs)IF. See Intermediate frequency (IF)IFM. See Instantaneous frequencymeasurement (IFM) receiverIHT. See Itrative Hard Thresholding (IHT)Image frequency, for mixer, 568Image jamming techniques, 544Image pair generation and registration,363–365, 364fImage rejection, receiver-based EP and, 568Imaging, SARexamples, 251fmetrics, 240–244phase error effects on. See Phase erroreffectspolar formatting algorithm, 235–239,236f, 237–238f, 239fquality of, 244reconstruction, 234–240tomographic paradigm, 234–235, 235fImaging properties, 264–271DBS, 269–270, 271fimage formation survey, 268t, 269PSR, 266–267, 267f , 269resolution and sampling, 265–266, 265fImaging radar mode, 2, 4–5. See also Highrange resolution (HRR); Syntheticaperture radar (SAR)IMM. See Interacting multiple model (IMM)Improvised explosive devices (IEDs), 707Independent component analysis (ICA), 646Inertial navigation system (INS), 250In-phase/quadrature (I/Q) samples, 404Input-output (I/O) throughput, 409, 410fINS. See Inertial navigation system (INS)InSAR. See Interferometric syntheticaperture radar (InSAR)InSARE. See InSAR elevation (InSARE)systemsInSAR elevation (InSARE) systems, 385Instantaneous AGC (IAGC), 569Instantaneous bandwidth (IBW), 539Instantaneous dynamic range (IDR),wide, 569Instantaneous frequencyand group delay, 50, 51f, 52for LFM waveform, 48, 49fmodel for, 54, 55ffor NLFM waveform, 48, 49fslope of, 51Instantaneous frequency measurement (IFM)receiver, 537–538Integrated sidelobe energy (SLE), 250Integrated sidelobe ratio (ISR), 75, 243–244,244t, 250lower, MMFs and, 75–76Integration angle, 225Interacting multiple model(IMM), 13estimators, 688–690, 689f