Principles of Modern Radar - Volume 2 1891121537

Index 839design approaches, 51–52Doppler analysis, 57, 57f, 58ffunctional relationships, 49–51instantaneous frequency for, 48, 49finverse functions, 50parametric equations, 50–51principle of stationary phase, 49–50spectrum, 56, 56fvariables, 23–24Nonstationary clutter, 492Nonsymmetric noise target, 610Nonuniform FFT (NUFFT), 186Norden Systems, Inc., 385Normalized angle, 97Normalized least mean squares (NLMS)algorithm, 757–758Northrop Grumman, 707Notch filtering, receiver-based EP and,569–570N sc LFM pulses, 40NUFFT. See Nonuniform FFT (NUFFT)Null hypothesis, radar detection, 2–3Null polarizations, 605, 606Nyquist array, 124Nyquist sampling rate, 150OOFDM modulation. See Orthogonalfrequency-division multiplexing(OFDM) modulationOff-board category, angle track deceptionand, 544OMP algorithm. See Orthogonal MatchingPursuits (OMP) algorithmOn-board category, angle track deceptionand, 544One-pass vs. repeat-pass operations,359–360, 360fOptimum pulse shape, for SCRmaximization, 98–99Optimum waveform, MIMOfor ACN, 89–95, 89f, 90f, 93f, 94flinear constraints, 104–105, 105fnonlinear constraints, 106–109, 106f,107f, 109ffor SCR, 95–99, 96f, 97ffor target identification, 99–104, 100f,101–103fOracle solution, 177Ordered statistic CFAR (OS-CFAR),573–574Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing(OFDM) modulation, 739, 780, 781Orthogonal Matching Pursuits (OMP)algorithm, 177–178, 178fOrthogonal waveformsadvantage of, 133phased array vs., 131–134, 132f, 132t,133–134fOrthorectification, InSAR, 375OS-CFAR. See Ordered statistic CFAR(OS-CFAR)Oscillatorsover sweep, 33–34, 34freceive, 28, 29fOTHR. See Over-the-horizon radar (OTHR)Overlapped subarray, 413, 413f, 414,417–418, 417fdigitally resteered antenna pattern,417–418, 417f–418fOver-the-horizon radar (OTHR), 6PPareto frontier, 169, 170fPassive bistatic radar (PBR),14, 739–813acronyms, 746–747ambiguity function, 742–7432D-CCF, evaluation of. SeeTwo-dimensional cross-correlationfunction (2D-CCF), in PBRdirect signal and multipath/cluttercancellation techniques, 755–766ECA-B approach, 760–761, 760fECA-B&S algorithm, 761–766, 762f,763t, 764f–765fextensive cancellation algorithm,758–760, 759fkey points, 744multichannel processing for detectionperformance improvement, 791–813adaptive antenna array, 808–813,810f–812f, 814flinear–nonlinear integration, 791–803,793f, 795f, 797f–802f, 798tmultiple polarimetric passive radarchannels exploitation, 803–808,805t, 806f–809fnotation, 744–746overview, 740–744processing schemeadvanced, 741–742, 742fbasic, 740–741, 741freference channel, 740signal processing techniques, forreference signal cleaning andreconstruction, 766–775constant modulus algorithm usinganalog modulation, 767–771, 768f,770f, 771t, 772fdigital transmissions, 771–775, 774fsurveillance channel, 740transmitters, 739–740Passive conical scanning, 558–559, 559fPassive radar ATR, 656–658identifying target set, 657observing feature set, 657–658selecting feature set, 657testing feature set, 658Path-following approach, 366–369,368f, 369fPBR. See Passive bistatic radar (PBR)PC. See Pulse compression (PC)PCA. See Principal component analysis(PCA)PCI. See Principal components inverse (PCI)PDA. See Phase difference autofocus (PDA)PDF. See Probability density function (PDF)Peak sidelobe ratio (PSR), 53, 75MMFs and, 79–80, 80fPeak-to-noise floor ratio (PNFR), 762–763Peak-to-sidelobe ratio (PSLR), 762–763Peak transmit power, 125Pearson distance, 649Pedestrian detection. See Human–dismountdetectionPEMS. See Predict, extract, match, andsearch (PEMS) modulesPenalized least squares problembasis pursuit de-noising, 168–170, 170fPareto frontier, 169, 170fPenetration applications, 329–330, 330fPeriodic bandwidth waveformshigh time vs., 517, 517fPeriodic signal, 54Perishability, EP, 554Persistent scatterers, SAR, 647–648PFA. See Polar formatting algorithm (PFA)PGA. See Phase gradient autofocus (PGA)Phase analysis, ISAR, 653Phase-coded waveform, 20Phased array antenna, 404Phased array radar, 119elements transmission in, 123gain of, 131multichannel, 155–157, 156fvs. orthogonal waveforms, 131–134, 132f,132t, 133–134fPhase difference autofocus (PDA), 252–253Phase error effects, 244–250linear, 246overview, 244–246quadratic, 246–247, 247fsinusoidal, 247–248, 248fwideband, 248–250, 249fPhase gradient autofocus (PGA), 253, 254fPhase modulation (PM), 538Phase rotation, SF waveform and, 59, 61Plane. See Slant/ground plane operations,stripmap SARPNFR. See Peak-to-noise floor ratio (PNFR)