Principles of Modern Radar - Volume 2 1891121537

Index 837Layover and foreshortening, InSAR,355–358, 356f–357f, 358fLCMV. See Linear constrained minimumvariance (LCMV)Leading-edge track (LET), 576, 576fLeast jammed frequency selection, 571–572Least squares (LS)method, 369–371, 370f, 371fsolution, 76LET. See Leading-edge track (LET)LFM. See Linear frequency modulation(LFM)Likelihood-based classifier, SAR, 649Likelihood ratio test (LRT), 3Linear coherent repeater, 582Linear constrained minimum variance(LCMV), 426–427Linear constraints, optimum MIMOwaveform, 104–105, 105fLinear frequency modulation (LFM), 273,446–449, 447f, 448f, 565waveform, 19–20, 56–57chirps, 136–137f, 136–138, 226, 227instantaneous frequency for, 48, 49fstretch processing and. See Stretchprocessingtransmission of, 27–28unoptimized, 107fLinear modelcompressed sensing, 150–151regularization, sparsity and, 158–159Linear–nonlinear integration, of multiplefrequency PBR channels, 791–803,793f, 795f, 797f–802f, 798tLinear phase errors, 246Linear polarization, 595, 595fPoincaré sphere and, 599–600, 600fLinear repeater, 549Linear restricted scattering matrix(LSM), 619Linear sampling method (LSM), 184, 192Linear time-invariant (LTI), 89Link equation approach, 545Lipschitz constant, 173L0 norm, linear model regulariziation, 152L1 norm, linear model regulariziation,159–161Lobe-on-receive-only (LORO), 559Local oscillator (LO), 539signals, 408Log-spiral transform, ISAR, 655–656Long-pulse waveforms, 562–563Long Term Evolution (LTE), 740Look-through periods, 537LORO. See Lobe-on-receive-only (LORO)Loss in processing gain (LPG), 75Low antenna sidelobes, 555Low cross polarization antenna, 560–561Lower limits, PRF, 318–321Low-noise amplifier (LNA), 404Low-pass filter, bandwidth, 34LPG. See Loss in processing gain (LPG)LRT. See Likelihood ratio test (LRT)LS. See Least squares (LS)LSM. See Linear restricted scattering matrix(LSM); Linear sampling method(LSM)LTE. See Long Term Evolution (LTE)LTI. See Linear time-invariant (LTI)Lynx Advanced Multi-Channel Radar(AMR), 707MMACH. See Maximum average correlationheight (MACH)Mahalanobis distance, 674Main lobe cancellation (MLC),557–558Main lobe clutter, by moving platform,501n1Majorization minimization (MM) algorithmand FOCUSS algorithm, 176ISTA as, 173MANs. See Metropolitan area networks(MANs)Map drift (MD), 253Masking EA techniques, 533, 534, 540–542coherent, 542noncoherent, 540–541Matched filter/filtering, 44, 45, 286–288, 725AWGN, 287convolution integral, 288one-dimensional impulse response,286, 286fresponsefor CW pulse, 64, 64fquadriphase waveforms, 74SNR, 287whitening, 90, 91Matching Pursuits (MP) algorithm, 177MATLAB, 468Maximum average correlation height(MACH)SAR, 651MCARAM. See Multi-Channel AirborneRadar Measurements (MCARM)ProgramMD. See Map drift (MD)MDV. See Minimum detectablevelocity (MDV)Mean square error (MSE), 179SAR, 648Measurement-level fusion, 691, 692challenges, 692, 694Measurement-to-track association, 669,672–675MESAR 2, 410, 411, 411fMetropolitan area networks (MANs), 781MHT. See Multiple hypothesis tracking(MHT)Microwave power module (MPM)amplifier, 540Migrating target indicator (MiTI),523–524, 523fMillimeter wave (mmW) SAR, 640MIMO radar. See Multi-input, multi-output(MIMO) radarMinimum detectable velocity (MDV), 8,141, 707, 722Minimum mean square error (MMSE), 178,179, 482Minimum shift keying (MSK), 70Minimum variance beamformer, 481–482Minimum variance distortionless response(MVDR), 470, 470fMismatched filters (MMFs), 21, 52, 75–81Doppler shift and, 78, 79flowest ISR, 75–76MISR filters, 76–78, 77f, 77t, 78f, 78tperformance metrics, 75performance of, 78tphase codes used in, 77tto reduce PSR, 79–80, 80fand sidelobe response, 78–79variables, 25MiTI. See Migrating target indicator (MiTI)MLC. See Main lobe cancellation (MLC)MM algorithm. See Majorizationminimization (MM) algorithmMMFs. See Mismatched filters (MMFs)MMSE. See Minimum mean square error(MMSE)MNR. See Multiplicative noise ratio (MNR)Modulated straight-through repeater, 540Monopulse angle measurement,559–560, 560fMonopulse angle tracking radar, 544Monopulse ratio, of difference and sumbeams, 557Morozov’s discrepancy principle, 190Motion compensation, 652Motion-through-resolution-cells (MTRC), 9Moving and stationary target acquisition andrecognition (MSTAR), 184, 638Moving target imaging, 185–187, 185f, 186fMoving target indication (MTI), 453, 560.See also Space-time adaptiveprocessing (STAP)beamforming, 459–464Doppler processing, 464–466radar, 2–4, 135