This annual report - Taranaki District Health Board

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Notes on InterpretationNote 1: The National Maternity Collection (MAT) contains information on selected publicly funded maternityservices from nine months before to three months after a birth. It integrates information from two data sources:LMC claims for payment for Primary Maternity Services provided under Section 88 of the NZ Public Health andDisability Act 2000; and data from the National Minimum Dataset (NMDS) on hospital admissions duringpregnancy, birth and the postnatal period for mother and baby.Up until June 2007, Section 88 claims data coverage was 95% of known births. However in July 2007, due to afunding change, DHB-employed midwifery teams ceased to submit claims to the Ministry of Health for theirservices. Thus no LMC registration data (including smoking status) is currently available in MAT for womenwho opt for DHB-based primary maternity care. In this dataset it is thus difficult to distinguish between thosewho were not registered with a LMC at the time of delivery because they accessed their primary maternity carethrough DHB services and those who received no antenatal care at all.Note 2: In this analysis, the baby’s hospital admission (birth) data from the NMDS was linked with maternalSection 88 claims data using a de-identified pregnancy key, with the unit of analysis being the baby rather thanthe mother (e.g. maternal information for twins is included twice in the analysis). Of the 129,635 babies bornduring 2009–2010, 1,113 (0.86%) were not able to be matched to their mother’s MAT record.Note 3: A relatively high proportion of babies (15.5%) had missing information on maternal smoking status atfirst LMC registration, with the majority of these babies having mothers who were not registered with a LMC.The proportion with missing information was thus not randomly distributed, but rather was higher for Pacificbabies, those with younger mothers and those from more deprived areas. Large variations between DHBswere also evident. As a result, all of the data in this section have been presented both with missing smokingstatus included and excluded from the analysis. In interpreting these data, maternal smoking rates with missingresponses included should be viewed as providing an absolute minimum estimate of the number of babieswhose mother’s smoked at first LMC registration. While maternal smoking rates with missing responsesexcluded may provide a closer approximation of the true rate, they may still be an underestimate. For example,a higher proportion of babies with younger mothers and those from more deprived areas had missing smokingstatus data, as well as higher smoking rates amongst those for whom maternal smoking status was known.Note 4: MAT does not contain details on stillborn babies as they are not assigned a NHI number at birth andare thus not reported to the National Minimum Dataset.Babies Born to Mothers Not Registered with a LMC atDeliveryNew Zealand DistributionIn New Zealand during 2009–2010, 16.2% of babies were born to mothers who were notregistered with a LMC at the time of delivery. However many of these babies’ mothers mayhave accessed hospital-based maternity services, making it difficult to estimate theproportion who received no antenatal care at all during pregnancy (Table 26).Table 26. Status of Maternal Registration with a Lead Maternity Carer at the Time ofDelivery for New Zealand Babies Born 2009–2010Maternal LMC Registration at DeliveryNo. of Babies:Total2009−2010No. of Babies:Annual AveragePercent ofBabies (%)New ZealandRegistered with a LMC 107,524 53,762 82.9Not Registered with a LMC 20,997 10,499 16.2LMC Registration Status Not Known 1,114 557 0.9Total 129,635 64,818 100.0Source: National Maternity Collection; Note: Information is for live born babies onlyNew Zealand Distribution by Maternal Age, Ethnicity and NZDep DecileIn New Zealand during 2009–2010, Pacific, Asian/Indian and Māori babies (vs. Europeanbabies) were significantly more likely to have mothers who were not registered with a LMCat delivery, as were the babies of younger mothers (less than 30 years vs. 30 or moreyears). A significantly higher proportion of babies from average to more deprived areas(NZDep06 deciles 3–10 vs. deciles 1–2) also had mothers who were not registered with aLMC at delivery (Table 27).Smoking in Pregnancy - 188
Table 27. Proportion of Babies Born to Mothers Not Registered with a Lead MaternityCarer at Delivery by Maternal Age, Ethnicity and NZDep Index Decile, New Zealand 2009–2010VariableNo. of Babies: Annual AverageMother NotRegisteredwith LMCMotherRegisteredwith LMCTotalMaternal AgeMother NotRegistered:Rate per 100Babies (%)Rate Ratio95% CI
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Cover Artwork: Long-tailed Blue But
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LIST OF FIGURESFigure 1. Gross Dome
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Figure 41. Number of Students Invol
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Figure 85. Proportion of Babies Bor
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Figure 127. Relationship Between th
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Table 21. Policy Documents Relevant
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Table 108. Proportion of Young Peop
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INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEWIntroducti
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three then reviews mental health is
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Table 1. Overview of the Determinan
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Stream Indicator New Zealand Distri
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47MACROECONOMICINDICATORS
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Expenditure-based Measure of GDPThe
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Gini Coefficient: The Lorenz curve
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CHILD POVERTY AND LIVING STANDARDSI
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After Housing Costs (AHC)Relative P
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Figure 8. Proportion of Dependent C
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14 Items (Enforced Lacks) are inclu
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Local Policy Documents and Evidence
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Other Relevant New Zealand Evidence
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UNEMPLOYMENT RATESIntroductionIn th
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Figure 12. Unemployment Rates by Ag
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Unemployment Rates by Qualification
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Figure 18. Quarterly Unemployment R
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CHILDREN RELIANT ON BENEFIT RECIPIE
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Table 4. Number of Children Aged 0-
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Table 5. Number of Children Aged 0-
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YOUNG PEOPLE RELIANT ON BENEFITSInt
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Table 7. Number of Young People Age
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New Zealand Distribution by Ethnici
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Figure 25. Young People Aged 16-24
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Table 10. Number of Young People Ag
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HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION91
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Data Source and MethodsDefinitionPr
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Figure 29. Proportion of Children A
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Robertson J, et al. 2006. Review of
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Canadian National Occupancy Standar
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Figure 33. Proportion of Children a
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Other Relevant EvidenceMarmot Revie
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106
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108
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Note 2: The number of new school en
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Figure 36. Proportion of New Entran
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Sylva K, et al. 2004 The Effective
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Table 15. Enrolments in Māori Medi
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Table 16. Number of Students (Māor
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Local Policy Documents which Consid
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HIGHEST EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT AT S
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Figure 43. Highest Educational Atta
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Figure 46. Highest Educational Atta
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SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL RETENTION A
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Participation in Tertiary Education
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Page 138 and 139: The following section uses informat
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Page 142 and 143: Figure 56. Age-Standardised School
Page 144 and 145: Local Policy Documents and Evidence
Page 146 and 147: TRUANCY AND UNJUSTIFIED ABSENCESInt
Page 148 and 149: Figure 60. Total Unjustified Absenc
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Page 158 and 159: Table 22. The National Immunisation
Page 160 and 161: Figure 64. Immunisation Coverage by
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Page 167 and 168: Soares-Weiser K, et al. 2012. Vacci
Page 169 and 170: Briss PA, et al. 2000. Reviews of e
Page 171 and 172: Data Sources and MethodsIndicatorPr
Page 173 and 174: Figure 75. Proportion of New Zealan
Page 175 and 176: Proportion Receiving Core Contacts
Page 177 and 178: Figure 81. Proportion of Babies who
Page 179 and 180: The B4 School CheckThe B4 School Ch
Page 183 and 184: Other Relevant EvidenceThe Scottish
Page 185 and 186: 185SUBSTANCE USE
Page 190 and 191: Maternal Smoking at First Registrat
Page 192 and 193: Figure 86. Proportion of Babies Bor
Page 194 and 195: Table 32. Number of Cigarettes Smok
Page 198 and 199: National Institute for Health and C
Page 200 and 201: 2. Proportion of babies born to mot
Page 204 and 205: Table 37. Number of Cigarettes Smok
Page 208 and 209: Figure 93. Proportion of Year 10 St
Page 210 and 211: Figure 95. Proportion of Year 10 St
Page 212 and 213: TOBACCO USE IN YOUNG PEOPLEIntroduc
Page 214 and 215: Figure 96. Daily Smoking Rates in Y
Page 216 and 217: 2009 New Zealand Tobacco Use Survey
Page 218 and 219: Source of Tobacco in the Last Month
Page 220 and 221: Carson KV, et al. 2011. Community i
Page 222 and 223: Other Relevant PublicationsMāori A
Page 224 and 225: Other Cochrane Systematic Reviews o
Page 226 and 227: ALCOHOL-RELATED HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS
Page 228 and 229: Figure 100. Alcohol-Related Hospita
Page 230 and 231: Table 45. Listed External Causes of
Page 232 and 233: Midland Region Distribution and Tre
Page 236 and 237: Shults RA, et al. 2009. Effectivene
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Mortality from conditions with a so
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Table 50. Mortality from Conditions
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Figure 105. Hospital Admissions for
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Midland Region Distribution and Tre
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Table 55. Hospital Admissions for C
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Table 57. Hospital Admissions for C
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Midland Region Distribution by Caus
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INFANT MORTALITY AND SUDDEN UNEXPEC
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New Zealand Distribution and Trends
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Figure 111. Total Infant Mortality,
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Table 62. Neonatal and Post Neonata
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Table 65. Neonatal and Post Neonata
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Distribution by Ethnicity, NZ Depri
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Figure 116. Sudden Unexpected Death
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Vennemann M, et al. 2007. Do immuni
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276
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with a review of interventions aime
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deprivation in some parts of the wo
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who delay a second pregnancy by two
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Family ViolenceDefinitions and New
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need for multidisciplinary interven
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6 days to determine gestational age
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In New Zealand, information on fact
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post intervention. Engagement in ed
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antenatal care, including two nutri
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throughout pregnancy, birth and the
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Alcohol and Other DrugsNational and
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Zealand had a number of specialist
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in one Cochrane review [274] (see p
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interventions to treat antenatal de
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In ConclusionWhile it is hoped that
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308
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Data Source and MethodsDefinition1.
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Other Systematic ReviewsLouwers ECF
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INJURIES ARISING FROM ASSAULT IN YO
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New Zealand Distribution by Age and
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Flood M & Fergus L. 2008. An Assaul
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Note 2: The numbers in this section
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Table 78. Number of Notifications t
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Table 80. Outcome of Assessment for
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Table 82. Number of Notifications R
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Table 84. Outcome of Assessment for
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Data Source and MethodsDefinition1.
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Family Violence Investigations Wher
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Table 90. Local Policy Documents an
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Stover CS, et al. 2009. Interventio
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348
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350
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oader contextual influences on the
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In addition, Table 112 on Page 414
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Williams SB, et al. 2009. Screening
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Ministries of Education, Health, Ju
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Figure 129. Children and Young Peop
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Table 92. Children Aged 0-14 Years
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IN-DEPTH TOPIC: MENTAL HEALTH ISSUE
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this [350]. The review stated that
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psychotic disorders including first
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Social Workers in SchoolsIn 2011 th
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Children or young people with sever
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EpidemiologyThe 2009 review by Meri
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A diagnosis of conduct disorder acc
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programme using a questionnaire. Si
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developmentally appropriate diagnos
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playthings or the environment, appe
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state more than it cost) provided t
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ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES: L
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Table 97. Children and Young People
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Midland Region DistributionChildren
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ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES: L
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Table 101. Hospital Admissions for
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Numbers Accessing Services by Diagn
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Table 103. Young People Aged 15-24
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Table 108. Proportion of Young Peop
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Midland Region DistributionAmongst
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Fletcher A, et al. 2008. School Eff
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New Zealand Distribution and Trends
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Figure 138. Mortality from Suicide
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Figure 139. Mortality from Suicide
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Ougrin D & Latif S. 2011. Specific
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426
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428
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Guide to Community Preventive Servi
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information on all of the events oc
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3. In addition, some providers admi
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as in the majority of the analyses
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APPENDIX 5: THE NATIONAL MORTALITYC
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As a result of these changes, there
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2. Research also suggests that ethn
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APPENDIX 8: POLICE AREA BOUNDARIESF
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Figure 142. Police Area Boundaries
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3. The condition exhibits a socioec
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REFERENCES1. Children's Commissione
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33. Mackay R. 2005. The Impact of F
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71. Ministry of Health. 2011. Immun
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107. ASH New Zealand. 2011. Nationa
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141. Child and Youth Mortality Revi
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175. Pihama L. 2011. Overview of M
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208. King-Hele S, Webb RT, Mortense
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244. Nelson Marlborough District He
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274. Ramsay J, Carter Y, Davidson L
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306. Jewkes R. 2002. Intimate partn
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347. Heflinger CA, Hinshaw SP. 2010
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376. Ministry of Education. 2012. W
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410. Ministry of Health. 2001. New
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443. Zeanah PD, Bailey LO, Berry S.
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480. Weinberg MK, Olson KL, Beeghly
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