This annual report - Taranaki District Health Board

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Figure 100. Alcohol-Related Hospital Admissions in Young People Aged 15–24 Years,New Zealand 2000–2011Admissions per 100,000 (15−24 Years)25020015010050214820722204Number Alcohol-Related AdmissionsAlcohol-Related Admissions Rate2426 23822566350030002500200015001000500Number of Admissions002000–01 2002–03 2004–05 2006–07 2008–09 2010–11YearSource: Numerator: National Minimum Dataset; Denominator: Statistics NZ Estimated Resident Population(projected from 2007); Note: Admissions with any mention of alcohol in first 15 diagnostic codes or first 10external cause codes; Emergency Department cases removed; Numbers are per 2-year periodNew Zealand Distribution by Primary DiagnosisIn New Zealand during 2007–2011, alcohol was listed as a contributory cause in a largenumber of hospital admissions. However only 8.8% of these admissions had acuteintoxication or the toxic effects of alcohol listed as the primary diagnosis. In 36.5% of casesan injury was the primary diagnosis, with head and upper limb injuries playing a particularlyprominent role. In addition, 32.2% of admissions had a mental health condition (includingalcohol dependence) listed as the primary diagnosis, with schizophrenia being the mostfrequent mental health diagnosis recorded. Finally, 11.8% of admissions had poisoning byother drugs or substances listed as the primary reason for admission (Table 44). Ininterpreting these figures however, it must be remembered that as a result of inconsistentuploading of emergency department cases to the National Minimum Dataset, ED caseshave been removed. These figures thus reflect the more severe end of spectrum, as it islikely that many cases of acute intoxication or minor injury were dealt with in the EDsetting.Alcohol-Related Hospital Admissions - 228
Table 44. Alcohol-Related Hospital Admissions in Young People Aged 15–24 Years byPrimary Diagnosis, New Zealand 2007–2011Primary DiagnosisNumber:Total2007−2011Number:AnnualAverageRate per100,000% ofAdmissionsMental and Behavioural DisordersAlcohol: Acute Intoxication 424 84.8 13.62 6.8Alcohol: Dependence 130 26.0 4.18 2.1Alcohol: Other Mental/Behavioural Disorders 153 30.6 4.91 2.5Schizophrenia 401 80.2 12.88 6.5Other Schizotypal and Delusional Disorders 274 54.8 8.80 4.4Bipolar Effective Disorder 117 23.4 3.76 1.9Depression/Other Mood Disorders 393 78.6 12.62 6.3Reaction to Stress/Adjustment Disorder 201 40.2 6.46 3.2Other Mental and Behavioural Disorders 332 66.4 10.66 5.3Gastrointestinal SystemGastritis/Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding 124 24.8 3.98 2.0Other Gastrointestinal Conditions 102 20.4 3.28 1.6Injury and PoisoningHead Injury 788 157.6 25.31 12.7Neck Injury 73 14.6 2.34 1.2Shoulder/Upper Arm Injuries 100 20.0 3.21 1.6Elbow/Forearm Injuries 290 58.0 9.32 4.7Wrist/Hand Injuries 335 67.0 10.76 5.4Lower Limb Injuries 321 64.2 10.31 5.2Poisoning* 731 146.2 23.48 11.8Toxic Effect of Alcohol 121 24.2 3.89 1.9Other Injuries 360 72.0 11.56 5.8All Other DiagnosesOther Conditions 440 88.0 14.13 7.1Total Alcohol-Related Admissions 6,210 1,242.0 199.48 100.0Source: Numerator: National Minimum Dataset; Denominator: Statistics NZ Estimated Resident Population(projected from 2007); Note: Admissions with any mention of alcohol in first 15 diagnostic codes or first 10external cause codes; Emergency Department cases removed; *Poisoning includes drugs, medicines, andbiological substancesNew Zealand Distribution by External Cause of InjuryIn New Zealand during 2007–2011, 59.3% of alcohol-related hospital admissions in youngpeople had an external cause of injury (e-code) recorded. Of all alcohol-relatedadmissions, 13.5% were associated with an episode of self-harm and 8.7% with anassault. A further 6.4% were for injuries sustained while the young person was theoccupant of a car, with the majority occurring as the result of a car colliding with astationary object, or overturning. Finally 8.3% were associated with a fall and 8.1% withinanimate mechanical forces (Table 45).Alcohol-Related Hospital Admissions - 229
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Cover Artwork: Long-tailed Blue But
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LIST OF FIGURESFigure 1. Gross Dome
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Figure 41. Number of Students Invol
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Figure 85. Proportion of Babies Bor
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Figure 127. Relationship Between th
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Table 21. Policy Documents Relevant
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Table 108. Proportion of Young Peop
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INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEWIntroducti
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three then reviews mental health is
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Table 1. Overview of the Determinan
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Stream Indicator New Zealand Distri
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47MACROECONOMICINDICATORS
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Expenditure-based Measure of GDPThe
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Gini Coefficient: The Lorenz curve
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CHILD POVERTY AND LIVING STANDARDSI
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After Housing Costs (AHC)Relative P
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Figure 8. Proportion of Dependent C
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14 Items (Enforced Lacks) are inclu
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Local Policy Documents and Evidence
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Other Relevant New Zealand Evidence
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UNEMPLOYMENT RATESIntroductionIn th
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Figure 12. Unemployment Rates by Ag
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Unemployment Rates by Qualification
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Figure 18. Quarterly Unemployment R
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CHILDREN RELIANT ON BENEFIT RECIPIE
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Table 4. Number of Children Aged 0-
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Table 5. Number of Children Aged 0-
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YOUNG PEOPLE RELIANT ON BENEFITSInt
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Table 7. Number of Young People Age
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New Zealand Distribution by Ethnici
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Figure 25. Young People Aged 16-24
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Table 10. Number of Young People Ag
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HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION91
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Data Source and MethodsDefinitionPr
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Figure 29. Proportion of Children A
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Robertson J, et al. 2006. Review of
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Canadian National Occupancy Standar
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Figure 33. Proportion of Children a
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Other Relevant EvidenceMarmot Revie
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108
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Note 2: The number of new school en
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Figure 36. Proportion of New Entran
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Sylva K, et al. 2004 The Effective
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Table 15. Enrolments in Māori Medi
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Table 16. Number of Students (Māor
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Local Policy Documents which Consid
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HIGHEST EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT AT S
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Figure 43. Highest Educational Atta
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Figure 46. Highest Educational Atta
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SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL RETENTION A
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Participation in Tertiary Education
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Midland Region Distribution and Tre
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The following section uses informat
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Figure 54. Age-Standardised Rates o
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Figure 56. Age-Standardised School
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TRUANCY AND UNJUSTIFIED ABSENCESInt
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Figure 60. Total Unjustified Absenc
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Figure 63. Total Unjustified Absenc
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152
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Table 22. The National Immunisation
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Figure 64. Immunisation Coverage by
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Figure 67. Immunisation Coverage by
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Figure 71. Immunisation Coverage at
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Soares-Weiser K, et al. 2012. Vacci
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Briss PA, et al. 2000. Reviews of e
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Data Sources and MethodsIndicatorPr
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Figure 75. Proportion of New Zealan
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Proportion Receiving Core Contacts
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Page 179 and 180: The B4 School CheckThe B4 School Ch
Page 181 and 182: Local Policy Documents and Evidence
Page 183 and 184: Other Relevant EvidenceThe Scottish
Page 185 and 186: 185SUBSTANCE USE
Page 188 and 189: Notes on InterpretationNote 1: The
Page 190 and 191: Maternal Smoking at First Registrat
Page 192 and 193: Figure 86. Proportion of Babies Bor
Page 194 and 195: Table 32. Number of Cigarettes Smok
Page 198 and 199: National Institute for Health and C
Page 200 and 201: 2. Proportion of babies born to mot
Page 204 and 205: Table 37. Number of Cigarettes Smok
Page 208 and 209: Figure 93. Proportion of Year 10 St
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Page 212 and 213: TOBACCO USE IN YOUNG PEOPLEIntroduc
Page 214 and 215: Figure 96. Daily Smoking Rates in Y
Page 216 and 217: 2009 New Zealand Tobacco Use Survey
Page 218 and 219: Source of Tobacco in the Last Month
Page 220 and 221: Carson KV, et al. 2011. Community i
Page 222 and 223: Other Relevant PublicationsMāori A
Page 224 and 225: Other Cochrane Systematic Reviews o
Page 226 and 227: ALCOHOL-RELATED HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS
Page 230 and 231: Table 45. Listed External Causes of
Page 232 and 233: Midland Region Distribution and Tre
Page 234 and 235: Local Policy Documents and Evidence
Page 236 and 237: Shults RA, et al. 2009. Effectivene
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Page 244 and 245: Mortality from conditions with a so
Page 246 and 247: Table 50. Mortality from Conditions
Page 248 and 249: Figure 105. Hospital Admissions for
Page 250 and 251: Midland Region Distribution and Tre
Page 252 and 253: Table 55. Hospital Admissions for C
Page 254 and 255: Table 57. Hospital Admissions for C
Page 256 and 257: Midland Region Distribution by Caus
Page 258 and 259: Figure 107. Hospital Admissions for
Page 260 and 261: INFANT MORTALITY AND SUDDEN UNEXPEC
Page 262 and 263: New Zealand Distribution and Trends
Page 264 and 265: Figure 111. Total Infant Mortality,
Page 266 and 267: Table 62. Neonatal and Post Neonata
Page 268 and 269: Table 65. Neonatal and Post Neonata
Page 270 and 271: Distribution by Ethnicity, NZ Depri
Page 272 and 273: Figure 116. Sudden Unexpected Death
Page 274 and 275: Vennemann M, et al. 2007. Do immuni
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with a review of interventions aime
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deprivation in some parts of the wo
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who delay a second pregnancy by two
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Family ViolenceDefinitions and New
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need for multidisciplinary interven
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6 days to determine gestational age
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In New Zealand, information on fact
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post intervention. Engagement in ed
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antenatal care, including two nutri
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throughout pregnancy, birth and the
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Alcohol and Other DrugsNational and
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Zealand had a number of specialist
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in one Cochrane review [274] (see p
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interventions to treat antenatal de
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In ConclusionWhile it is hoped that
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308
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Data Source and MethodsDefinition1.
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Figure 119. Hospital Admissions for
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Other Systematic ReviewsLouwers ECF
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INJURIES ARISING FROM ASSAULT IN YO
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New Zealand Distribution by Age and
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Flood M & Fergus L. 2008. An Assaul
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Note 2: The numbers in this section
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Table 78. Number of Notifications t
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Table 80. Outcome of Assessment for
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Table 82. Number of Notifications R
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Table 84. Outcome of Assessment for
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Data Source and MethodsDefinition1.
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Family Violence Investigations Wher
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Table 90. Local Policy Documents an
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Stover CS, et al. 2009. Interventio
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348
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350
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oader contextual influences on the
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In addition, Table 112 on Page 414
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Williams SB, et al. 2009. Screening
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Ministries of Education, Health, Ju
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Figure 129. Children and Young Peop
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Table 92. Children Aged 0-14 Years
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IN-DEPTH TOPIC: MENTAL HEALTH ISSUE
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this [350]. The review stated that
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psychotic disorders including first
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Social Workers in SchoolsIn 2011 th
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Children or young people with sever
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EpidemiologyThe 2009 review by Meri
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A diagnosis of conduct disorder acc
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programme using a questionnaire. Si
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developmentally appropriate diagnos
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playthings or the environment, appe
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state more than it cost) provided t
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ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES: L
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Table 97. Children and Young People
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Midland Region DistributionChildren
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ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES: L
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Table 101. Hospital Admissions for
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Numbers Accessing Services by Diagn
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Table 103. Young People Aged 15-24
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Table 108. Proportion of Young Peop
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Midland Region DistributionAmongst
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Fletcher A, et al. 2008. School Eff
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New Zealand Distribution and Trends
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Figure 138. Mortality from Suicide
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Figure 139. Mortality from Suicide
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Ougrin D & Latif S. 2011. Specific
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426
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428
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Guide to Community Preventive Servi
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information on all of the events oc
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3. In addition, some providers admi
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as in the majority of the analyses
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APPENDIX 5: THE NATIONAL MORTALITYC
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As a result of these changes, there
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2. Research also suggests that ethn
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APPENDIX 8: POLICE AREA BOUNDARIESF
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Figure 142. Police Area Boundaries
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3. The condition exhibits a socioec
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REFERENCES1. Children's Commissione
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33. Mackay R. 2005. The Impact of F
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71. Ministry of Health. 2011. Immun
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107. ASH New Zealand. 2011. Nationa
Page 458 and 459:
141. Child and Youth Mortality Revi
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175. Pihama L. 2011. Overview of M
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208. King-Hele S, Webb RT, Mortense
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244. Nelson Marlborough District He
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274. Ramsay J, Carter Y, Davidson L
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306. Jewkes R. 2002. Intimate partn
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347. Heflinger CA, Hinshaw SP. 2010
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376. Ministry of Education. 2012. W
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410. Ministry of Health. 2001. New
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443. Zeanah PD, Bailey LO, Berry S.
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480. Weinberg MK, Olson KL, Beeghly
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