This annual report - Taranaki District Health Board

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3. The condition exhibits a socioeconomic gradient (e.g. rates are higher in moredeprived areas)4. The condition is likely to respond to changing economic conditions in the short tomedium term (e.g. months to 1–2 years)Data Quality CriteriaData Quality Criteria (for either of the above indicator categories)1. Needs to be routinely collected2. Available at the national level i.e. complete coverage of target population3. Updated at least annually (although quarterly preferable)4. Availability of consistent time series data going back several years (i.e. standard andstable method of data collection)5. Distribution can be broken down by e.g. ethnicity, socioeconomic status, regionSelection of the Baseline Indicator SetIn mid 2009 a long list of candidate indicators (selected by means of a scan of theavailable literature, email consultation with child health networks, and the suggestions ofWorking Group members) were then scored against each of these criteria by WorkingGroup members and other health professionals (n=20). Those scoring the indicators werealso asked to select a Top Five Economic and Top Five Health and Wellbeing Indicatorsfor inclusion in the Children’s Social Health Monitor. The resulting Top Five Economic andWellbeing indicators (as determined both by criteria scoring and priority ranking) were:Economic Indicators:Gross Domestic ProductIncome InequalityChild PovertyUnemployment RatesThe Number of Children Reliant on Benefit RecipientsChild Health and Wellbeing Indicators:Hospital Admissions with a Social GradientMortality with a Social GradientInfant MortalityHospital Admissions and Mortality from Non-Accidental InjuryAmbulatory Sensitive Hospital AdmissionsMethodology for Developing the Hospital Admissions andMortality with a Social Gradient IndicatorWhile all of the Top Five Economic Indicators, and a number of the Child Health andWellbeing indicators already had established methodologies, the hospital admissions andmortality with a social gradient indicator had to be developed specifically for the Children’sSocial Health Monitor. The methodology used to develop this indicator is outlined below:Hospital AdmissionsIn considering which conditions should be included in the analysis of hospital admissionswith a social gradient, the 40 most frequent causes of hospital admission in children aged0–14 years (excluding neonates) were reviewed, and those exhibiting a social gradient (arate ratio of ≥1.8 for NZDep deciles 9–10 vs. deciles 1–2; or for Māori, Pacific or Asian vs.European children) were selected. A small number of conditions with rate ratios in the 1.5–1.8 range were also included, if they demonstrated a consistent social gradient (i.e. ratesincreased in a stepwise manner with increasing NZDep deprivation) and the associationAppendices and References - 448
was biologically plausible (the plausibility of the association was debated by WorkingGroup members).Inclusion and Exclusion CriteriaNeonatal hospital admissions (
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Cover Artwork: Long-tailed Blue But
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LIST OF FIGURESFigure 1. Gross Dome
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Figure 41. Number of Students Invol
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Figure 85. Proportion of Babies Bor
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Figure 127. Relationship Between th
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Table 21. Policy Documents Relevant
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Table 108. Proportion of Young Peop
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INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEWIntroducti
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three then reviews mental health is
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Table 1. Overview of the Determinan
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Stream Indicator New Zealand Distri
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47MACROECONOMICINDICATORS
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Expenditure-based Measure of GDPThe
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Gini Coefficient: The Lorenz curve
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CHILD POVERTY AND LIVING STANDARDSI
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After Housing Costs (AHC)Relative P
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Figure 8. Proportion of Dependent C
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14 Items (Enforced Lacks) are inclu
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Local Policy Documents and Evidence
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Other Relevant New Zealand Evidence
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UNEMPLOYMENT RATESIntroductionIn th
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Figure 12. Unemployment Rates by Ag
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Unemployment Rates by Qualification
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Figure 18. Quarterly Unemployment R
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CHILDREN RELIANT ON BENEFIT RECIPIE
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Table 4. Number of Children Aged 0-
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Table 5. Number of Children Aged 0-
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YOUNG PEOPLE RELIANT ON BENEFITSInt
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Table 7. Number of Young People Age
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New Zealand Distribution by Ethnici
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Figure 25. Young People Aged 16-24
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Table 10. Number of Young People Ag
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HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION91
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Data Source and MethodsDefinitionPr
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Figure 29. Proportion of Children A
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Robertson J, et al. 2006. Review of
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Canadian National Occupancy Standar
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Figure 33. Proportion of Children a
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Other Relevant EvidenceMarmot Revie
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Note 2: The number of new school en
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Figure 36. Proportion of New Entran
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Sylva K, et al. 2004 The Effective
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Table 15. Enrolments in Māori Medi
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Table 16. Number of Students (Māor
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Local Policy Documents which Consid
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HIGHEST EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT AT S
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Figure 43. Highest Educational Atta
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Figure 46. Highest Educational Atta
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SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL RETENTION A
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Participation in Tertiary Education
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Midland Region Distribution and Tre
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The following section uses informat
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Figure 54. Age-Standardised Rates o
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Figure 56. Age-Standardised School
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TRUANCY AND UNJUSTIFIED ABSENCESInt
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Figure 60. Total Unjustified Absenc
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Figure 63. Total Unjustified Absenc
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Table 22. The National Immunisation
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Figure 64. Immunisation Coverage by
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Figure 67. Immunisation Coverage by
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Figure 71. Immunisation Coverage at
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Soares-Weiser K, et al. 2012. Vacci
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Briss PA, et al. 2000. Reviews of e
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Data Sources and MethodsIndicatorPr
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Figure 75. Proportion of New Zealan
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Proportion Receiving Core Contacts
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Figure 81. Proportion of Babies who
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The B4 School CheckThe B4 School Ch
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Other Relevant EvidenceThe Scottish
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185SUBSTANCE USE
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Notes on InterpretationNote 1: The
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Maternal Smoking at First Registrat
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Table 32. Number of Cigarettes Smok
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National Institute for Health and C
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2. Proportion of babies born to mot
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Table 37. Number of Cigarettes Smok
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Figure 93. Proportion of Year 10 St
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Figure 95. Proportion of Year 10 St
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TOBACCO USE IN YOUNG PEOPLEIntroduc
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Figure 96. Daily Smoking Rates in Y
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2009 New Zealand Tobacco Use Survey
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Source of Tobacco in the Last Month
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Carson KV, et al. 2011. Community i
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Other Relevant PublicationsMāori A
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Other Cochrane Systematic Reviews o
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ALCOHOL-RELATED HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS
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Figure 100. Alcohol-Related Hospita
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Table 45. Listed External Causes of
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Shults RA, et al. 2009. Effectivene
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240
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Mortality from conditions with a so
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Table 50. Mortality from Conditions
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Figure 105. Hospital Admissions for
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Table 55. Hospital Admissions for C
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Table 57. Hospital Admissions for C
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Midland Region Distribution by Caus
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INFANT MORTALITY AND SUDDEN UNEXPEC
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New Zealand Distribution and Trends
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Figure 111. Total Infant Mortality,
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Table 62. Neonatal and Post Neonata
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Table 65. Neonatal and Post Neonata
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Distribution by Ethnicity, NZ Depri
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Figure 116. Sudden Unexpected Death
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Vennemann M, et al. 2007. Do immuni
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276
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with a review of interventions aime
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deprivation in some parts of the wo
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who delay a second pregnancy by two
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Family ViolenceDefinitions and New
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need for multidisciplinary interven
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6 days to determine gestational age
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In New Zealand, information on fact
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post intervention. Engagement in ed
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antenatal care, including two nutri
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throughout pregnancy, birth and the
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Alcohol and Other DrugsNational and
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Zealand had a number of specialist
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in one Cochrane review [274] (see p
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interventions to treat antenatal de
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In ConclusionWhile it is hoped that
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308
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Data Source and MethodsDefinition1.
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Other Systematic ReviewsLouwers ECF
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INJURIES ARISING FROM ASSAULT IN YO
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New Zealand Distribution by Age and
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Flood M & Fergus L. 2008. An Assaul
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Note 2: The numbers in this section
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Table 78. Number of Notifications t
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Table 80. Outcome of Assessment for
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Table 82. Number of Notifications R
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Table 84. Outcome of Assessment for
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Data Source and MethodsDefinition1.
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Family Violence Investigations Wher
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Table 90. Local Policy Documents an
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Stover CS, et al. 2009. Interventio
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348
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350
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oader contextual influences on the
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In addition, Table 112 on Page 414
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Williams SB, et al. 2009. Screening
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Ministries of Education, Health, Ju
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Figure 129. Children and Young Peop
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Table 92. Children Aged 0-14 Years
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IN-DEPTH TOPIC: MENTAL HEALTH ISSUE
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this [350]. The review stated that
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psychotic disorders including first
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Social Workers in SchoolsIn 2011 th
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Children or young people with sever
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EpidemiologyThe 2009 review by Meri
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A diagnosis of conduct disorder acc
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programme using a questionnaire. Si
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developmentally appropriate diagnos
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playthings or the environment, appe
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state more than it cost) provided t
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ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES: L
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Table 97. Children and Young People
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Midland Region DistributionChildren
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ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES: L
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Page 400 and 401: Numbers Accessing Services by Diagn
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Page 412 and 413: Midland Region DistributionAmongst
Page 414 and 415: Local Policy Documents and Evidence
Page 416 and 417: Fletcher A, et al. 2008. School Eff
Page 418 and 419: New Zealand Distribution and Trends
Page 420 and 421: Figure 138. Mortality from Suicide
Page 422 and 423: Figure 139. Mortality from Suicide
Page 424 and 425: Ougrin D & Latif S. 2011. Specific
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Page 430 and 431: Guide to Community Preventive Servi
Page 432 and 433: information on all of the events oc
Page 434 and 435: 3. In addition, some providers admi
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Page 438 and 439: APPENDIX 5: THE NATIONAL MORTALITYC
Page 440 and 441: As a result of these changes, there
Page 442 and 443: 2. Research also suggests that ethn
Page 444 and 445: APPENDIX 8: POLICE AREA BOUNDARIESF
Page 446 and 447: Figure 142. Police Area Boundaries
Page 450 and 451: REFERENCES1. Children's Commissione
Page 452 and 453: 33. Mackay R. 2005. The Impact of F
Page 454 and 455: 71. Ministry of Health. 2011. Immun
Page 456 and 457: 107. ASH New Zealand. 2011. Nationa
Page 458 and 459: 141. Child and Youth Mortality Revi
Page 460 and 461: 175. Pihama L. 2011. Overview of M
Page 462 and 463: 208. King-Hele S, Webb RT, Mortense
Page 464 and 465: 244. Nelson Marlborough District He
Page 466 and 467: 274. Ramsay J, Carter Y, Davidson L
Page 468 and 469: 306. Jewkes R. 2002. Intimate partn
Page 470 and 471: 347. Heflinger CA, Hinshaw SP. 2010
Page 472 and 473: 376. Ministry of Education. 2012. W
Page 474 and 475: 410. Ministry of Health. 2001. New
Page 476 and 477: 443. Zeanah PD, Bailey LO, Berry S.
Page 478 and 479: 480. Weinberg MK, Olson KL, Beeghly
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