A Chronology of State Medicine, Public Health, Welfare and Related ...

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1950 – 1951 1950 Korean war started, ended in 1953. Medical Act (14 Geo.VI c.29) introduced the requirement for recently qualified doctors to serve a pre-registration year; and provided for the setting up of a disciplinary committee of the General Medical Council. See 1978. Midwives (Amendment) Act (14 Geo.VI, c.13) reconstituted the Central Midwives Board and the Scottish Board. See 1951. Housing (Scotland) Act (14 Geo.VI, c.34) major act concerning the repair of houses, clearance areas and related bylaws. See 1966. Shops Act (14 Geo.VI, c.28) set out hours of work, and minimum health, safety and welfare conditions to be enforced by the local authorities. See 1963. Diseases of Animals Act (14 Geo.VI, c.36) consolidated legislation regulating aspects of diseases of animals which threaten human populations. See 1981. Ministry of Health issued a memorandum on "The Development of the Consultant Services"; and set up a Committee on the Internal Administration of Hospitals. See 1954. Department of Health for Scotland established an Advisory Committee on Medical Research. Dr (later Sir) John Charles succeeded Sir Wilson Jameson as chief medical officer at the Ministry of Health. The final report of the Nursing Reconstruction Committee (see 1949) advised that bedside work was an essential part of training; that hospitals should not exploit students; parttime work should be encouraged; and nurses should be involved in developing policy. See 1952. Sixth revision of the International Classification of Diseases introduced. See 1955. "Cancer Registration in England and Wales. An Inquiry into Treatment and Results" by P Stocks published by the General Register Office. First report on the link between cigarette smoking and lung cancer published by R Doll and AB Hill (British Medical Journal, 2, 739-748). See 1956. The British Medical Association published a report on "General Practice and the Training of the General Practitioner". See 1954. J Collings, a general practitioner from New Zealand commissioned by the Nuffield Provincial Hospitals Trust, reported on general practice in England (Lancet, 1, 555-579). He found considerable variations in standards of premises, equipment and practice. See 1953. Start of nuclear medicine - the use of radioactive tracers in diagnosis and therapy; later recognized as a medical specialty. "A History of English Public Health 1834-1939" by WM Frazer (professor of public health and medical officer of health, Liverpool) published. Leonard Cheshire Trust founded. 1951 Census (8-9 April) collected additional data on fertility, education and availability of household amenities, and introduced new socio-economic groups in the analyses. Tabulations based on one per cent samples were published in 1952. Population of England and Wales estimated at 43.8 million, with 22 per cent aged under 15 years and 11 per cent aged 65 or over. National Health Service Act (14&15 Geo.VI, c.31) authorised charges for dental and optical appliances. See 1966. Midwives Act (14&15 Geo.VI, c.53) consolidated previous legislation; reformed the Central Midwives Board; placed a duty on county and county borough councils to act as local
supervising authorities; placed a duty on midwives to call in medical aid as necessary; and legislated that no person other than a state certified midwife currently on the roll of midwives or
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A Chronology of State Medicine, Pub
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Published by Faculty of Public Heal
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ii I am indebted t
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PREFACE iv "Those who cannot rememb
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2 INTRODUCTION The chronology start
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The Norman conquest of England in 1
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1279 - 1309 1279 Statute of Mortmai
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1315 - 1358 1315 The Statute of She
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1360 - 1389 1360 An act set out "Th
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1462 - 1499 1462 First Royal Charte
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1530 - 1536 1530-40 Suppression of
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Branding and slavery imposed as the
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1559 Cont - 1584 1559 cont Under th
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1601 - 1628 1601 Poor Law Act (43 E
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1658 Thomas Browne wrote in favour
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1672 The Scottish Parliament requir
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1694 - 1698 1694 Bank of England se
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1721 - 1739 1721 Robert Walpole bec
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1740 London Hospital (later Royal)
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1763 "Genera Morborum in Auditorum
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Guy's Hospital Physical Society fou
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Vienna) published; the last volume
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1788 Cont - 1792 1788 cont complain
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Liverpool Medical Institution found
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First General Enclosure Act (41 Geo
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were passed by the Commons in 1816,
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1828 Cont - 1831 1828 cont certain
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1831 Cont - 1832 1831 cont series o
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1834 Cont - 1836 1834 cont The Hous
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Chimney Sweeps Act (3&4 Vict., c.85
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pressing, for the relief of the lab
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The Select Committee on Smoke Preve
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Final Report of the Royal Commissio
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College, soon to be Manchester Univ
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Societies, and enabled trade unions
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1858 Cont - 1859 1858 cont London,
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ecommendations was the establishmen
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1863 - 1864 1863 Public Works (Manu
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Death of James Barry (1795-1865) wh
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emoval of house refuse. See 1870. A
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under the control of the poor law a
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commission's view that in some dist
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spirits; limited the number of such
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1874 Cont - 1875 1874 cont Report o
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central inspectorate. See 1883 and
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Artizans Dwellings Act (45&46 Vict.
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(later Sir, 1850-1932, medical offi
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sanitary and safety matters includi
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Elementary Education (School Attend
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1908. Cleansing of Persons Act (60&
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developed a typhoid vaccine. 1898 C
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education authorities, which were g
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examinations at Oxford or Cambridge
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children. It gave powers for the re
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Page 113 and 114: 1910 - 1911 1910 Mines Accident (Re
Page 115 and 116: 1914 Outbreak of the Great War (191
Page 117 and 118: The first ante-natal clinic opened
Page 119 and 120: Medical Women's Federation founded.
Page 121 and 122: League of Nations was created. See
Page 123 and 124: age 65 1921 Cont 1921 cont years or
Page 125 and 126: Ministry of Labour Committee on the
Page 127 and 128: wider the scope of these services,
Page 129 and 130: school leaving age should be raised
Page 131 and 132: 1929 Cont 1929 cont care; and the d
Page 133 and 134: Fourth Revision of the Internationa
Page 135 and 136: 1933 Cont - 1934 1933 cont of medic
Page 137 and 138: National Health Insurance Scheme pr
Page 139 and 140: Matrimonial Causes Act (1 Edw.VIII
Page 141 and 142: the London County Council; and the
Page 143 and 144: 1940 - 1941 1940 Food rationing (ba
Page 145 and 146: department of state, and recommende
Page 147 and 148: defined role in 1943 Cont - 1944 19
Page 149 and 150: 1944 Cont 1 1944 cont Disabled Pers
Page 151 and 152: egional hospital boards, boards of
Page 153 and 154: Health during the war (see 1941). "
Page 155 and 156: The Local Government Boundary Commi
Page 157: Officers); and, made the Home Offic
Page 160 and 161: King Edward's Hospital Fund for Lon
Page 164 and 165: 1951 Cont 1 1951 cont a registered
Page 166 and 167: "The Advance to Social Medicine" by
Page 168 and 169: double helical structure of deoxyri
Page 170 and 171: The Acton Society Trust, funded by
Page 172 and 173: 1957 Dentists Act (5&6 Eliz.II, c.2
Page 174 and 175: Slaughter of Animals Act (7 Eliz.II
Page 176 and 177: introduction of a national qualific
Page 178 and 179: 1960 Cont - 1961 1960 cont The Comm
Page 180 and 181: authority, with counties (with powe
Page 182 and 183: 1962 Cont 2 - 1963 1962 cont For th
Page 184 and 185: Six small outbreaks of diphtheria i
Page 186 and 187: 1964 Cont - 1965 1964 cont Council
Page 188 and 189: carried out in Buckinghamshire, of
Page 190 and 191: 1966 Cont 1 1966 cont staff related
Page 192 and 193: 1966 Cont 2 - 1967 1966 cont Englis
Page 194 and 195: 1967 Cont 1 1967 cont National Nurs
Page 196 and 197: Elderly in Government Institutions
Page 198 and 199: Medicines Commission, which set up
Page 200 and 201: group therapy, therapeutic communit
Page 202 and 203: (chairman, Lord Redcliffe-Maud) cri
Page 204 and 205: The abolition of capital punishment
Page 206 and 207: 1970 Cont 1 1970 cont In November t
Page 208 and 209: county boroughs, 34 metropolitan di
Page 210 and 211: stated: "Put at its simplest, commu
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1971 Cont 3 - 1972 1971 cont Betwee
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physician, the nursing officer, a l
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and a small number of
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1972 Cont 4 - 1973 1972 cont King E
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helping people to use the procedure
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Trade Union and Labour Relations Ac
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1974 Cont 2 1974 cont Report by Lad
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1974 Cont 3 - 1975 1974 cont govern
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"The School Health Service 1908-74"
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Layfield) reported. The Committee d
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personal (as distinct from the clin
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1976 Cont 3 - 1977 1976 cont commun
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1977 Cont - 1978 1977 cont features
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health and medical care, there rema
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area tier and establishing district
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1980 1980 Magistrates' Courts Act (
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Advisory Service, from whom it had
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and required that provision for spe
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established the Audit Commission in
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Mobile Homes Act (c.34) dealt with
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1984 Rates Act (c.33) reformed the
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1984 Cont 2 - 1985 1984 cont The Ex
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"Quality in General Practice" publi
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1986 Cont 1 1986 cont Ministry of A
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1986 Cont 2 - 1987 1986 cont The Ro
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1987 Cont 2 - 1988 1987 cont The Ki
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House of Commons Social Services Co
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The Ministry of Agriculture, Fisher
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water and the disposal of sewage. S
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1992 Cont 1 1992 cont education; pr
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National Lottery Act (c.39) enabled
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A Working Group (chairman, CJ Scott
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Environment Act (c.25) established
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esearch). Demands for more money fo
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1996 Cont 2 - 1997 1996 cont traini
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historic boundaries between academi
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zones; introduced the category of f
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supervision of patients in the comm
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1998 Cont 4 1998 cont abuse of soci
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1998 Cont 5 - 1999 1998 cont occasi
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opportunities; and particular initi
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that where possible two adjacent ho
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Parker reviewing 1999 Cont 4 1999 c
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TABLE POPULATION AND BIRTH AND DEAT
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APPENDIX 1 SOVEREIGNS FROM 1066 ENG
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APPENDIX 3 MINISTERS OF HEALTH 1919
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APPENDIX 4 LONDON MEDICAL SCHOOLS P
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Nissel, Muriel, People Count. A His
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Animals (Scientific Procedures) 198
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Cruelty to Animals 1876 Custody of
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INDEX TO ACTS 5 Factories 1850, 193
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Infectious Diseases (Prevention) 18
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INDEX TO ACTS 9 Mines Accident (Res
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INDEX TO ACTS 11 Professions Supple
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INDEX TO ACTS 13 Smoke Nuisance (Sc
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Air Pollution 1953, 1954 Alternativ
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Elderly at Home. A Study of People
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INDEX OF OFFICIAL REPORTS 5 Integra
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INDEX OF OFFICIAL REPORTS 7 Nationa
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Reform of Local Government in Engla
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Towards an Integrated Child Health
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Alzheimer's disease (see also Aged
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Bethune, Robert de 1148 Beveridge,
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Bucknill, Sir John 1842 Budd, W. 18
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Child Support Agency 1991, 1995, 19
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Cooke, A.M. 1964 Cooper, J. 1966 Co
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Diabetes 1922, 1925, 1941 Dick, W.
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Electrocardiogram 1887 Electron 189
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Fitzroy, A. 1904 Fleas 1897 Fleming
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Gibb, G.D. 1981
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Guerin, C. 1921 "Guide to Social Se
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GENERAL INDEX 21 Hereford, Bishop o
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Huxham, J. 1750 GENERAL INDEX 23 "H
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"Journal of State Medicine" 1892 GE
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Lipworth, L. 1966 Lister, J. 1865 G
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Mair, A. 1972 Malaria 1897, 1909, 1
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Medawar, Sir Peter 1953 GENERAL IND
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GENERAL INDEX 32 “Moral and Physi
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GENERAL INDEX 34 National Society f
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Old age pensions (see also National
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"Physical Deterioration" 1904 Physi
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GENERAL INDEX 39 Port (sanitary) he
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GENERAL INDEX 41 Queen Elizabeth Ho
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GENERAL INDEX 43 Rothschild, Lord 1
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GENERAL INDEX 45 School boards (Sco
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Social Medicine, Society for 1956,
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GENERAL INDEX 49 Tallow-melting 128
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GENERAL INDEX 51 Universities (see
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GENERAL INDEX 53 Willink, Sir Henry
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