A Chronology of State Medicine, Public Health, Welfare and Related ...

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Vaccination Act (37&38 Vict., c.75) clarified section 5 of the 1871 Act regarding the powers of the Local Government Board. See 1896.
1874 Cont - 1875 1874 cont Report of the Royal Commission on the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge, C.856, (chairman, the Duke of Cleveland) recommended the provision of more professors and lecturers and more and better equipped laboratories in order to promote research and improve teaching. These developments to be paid for from a Common University Fund maintained by contributions from the colleges in proportion to their wealth. Fellows should be allowed to marry. Hospital Saturday Fund began. Money was collected from working men on pay day (Saturday) and paid to hospitals establishing a right to treatment. Metropolitan and National Nursing Association founded for the training and provision of district nurses in London and elsewhere. See 1887. The Sanitary Inspectors' Association of Scotland (later Royal) formed. Foundation of the Cremation Society by Sir Henry Thompson (1820-1904, professor of surgery at University College, London) and others. The first human cremation took place in 1885 at the Society's crematorium at Woking, Surrey. London School of Medicine for Women founded (see 1865). Bristol Medico-Chirurgical Society founded. First two workmen, both miners, elected to Parliament. 1875 Public Health Act (38&39 Vict., c.55) consolidated and amended previous acts (national and local) relating to public health. The act was divided into eleven parts and contained 343 sections dealing with the responsible authorities, sanitary provisions, local government districts and their procedures and the Local Government Board. The act provided a code of sanitary law concerned with the supply of wholesome water; prevention of pollution of water; removal of sewerage; housing standards; regulation of streets; inspection of food; control of nuisances; prevention and control of epidemic diseases; and burial. The act empowered local authorities to provide hospitals and charge patients (except paupers), and to provide medicines and medical assistance to their poorer inhabitants. It removed the five year restriction on the appointments of medical officers of health. The act did not apply to the London metropolis (see 1891), or to Scotland (see 1897). The act remained the Magna Carta of public health until 1936.See 1890 and 1907. Artizans and Labourers' Dwellings Improvement Act (38&39 Vict., c.36) (Cross' Act) gave local authorities powers of compulsory purchase of "areas unfit for human habitation", so that they could be rebuilt and the houses let by the authorities. Little was actually achieved because of the compensation that had to be paid. See 1879. Sale of Food and Drugs Act (38&39 Vict., c.63) superseded previous acts concerning the sale of adulterated food, and permitted the employment by local authorities of public analysts. See 1879. Conspiracy and Protection of Property Act (38&39 Vict., c.86) amended the law in regard to conspiracy in trade disputes; made peaceful picketing lawful; and stated that anything that could be legally done by an individual could be legally done by a union. Employers and Workmen Act (38&39 Vict., c.90) enlarged the powers of the county courts in respect of disputes between employers and their workmen, and gave the courts limited civil jurisdiction in respect of such disputes. Chimney Sweepers Act (38&39 Vict., c.70) required chimney sweepers to be authorised by the police to carry on their businesses in the district, and so provided some means of enforcement of previous acts. Friendly Societies Act (/8&39 Vict., c.60) consolidated and amended previous
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A Chronology of State Medicine, Pub
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Published by Faculty of Public Heal
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ii I am indebted t
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PREFACE iv "Those who cannot rememb
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2 INTRODUCTION The chronology start
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The Norman conquest of England in 1
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1279 - 1309 1279 Statute of Mortmai
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1315 - 1358 1315 The Statute of She
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1360 - 1389 1360 An act set out "Th
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1462 - 1499 1462 First Royal Charte
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1530 - 1536 1530-40 Suppression of
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Branding and slavery imposed as the
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1559 Cont - 1584 1559 cont Under th
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1601 - 1628 1601 Poor Law Act (43 E
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1658 Thomas Browne wrote in favour
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1672 The Scottish Parliament requir
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1694 - 1698 1694 Bank of England se
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1721 - 1739 1721 Robert Walpole bec
Page 38 and 39: 1740 London Hospital (later Royal)
Page 40 and 41: 1763 "Genera Morborum in Auditorum
Page 42 and 43: Guy's Hospital Physical Society fou
Page 44 and 45: Vienna) published; the last volume
Page 46 and 47: 1788 Cont - 1792 1788 cont complain
Page 48 and 49: Liverpool Medical Institution found
Page 50 and 51: First General Enclosure Act (41 Geo
Page 52 and 53: were passed by the Commons in 1816,
Page 54 and 55: 1828 Cont - 1831 1828 cont certain
Page 56 and 57: 1831 Cont - 1832 1831 cont series o
Page 59 and 60: 1834 Cont - 1836 1834 cont The Hous
Page 61 and 62: Chimney Sweeps Act (3&4 Vict., c.85
Page 63 and 64: pressing, for the relief of the lab
Page 65 and 66: The Select Committee on Smoke Preve
Page 67 and 68: Final Report of the Royal Commissio
Page 69 and 70: College, soon to be Manchester Univ
Page 71 and 72: Societies, and enabled trade unions
Page 73 and 74: 1858 Cont - 1859 1858 cont London,
Page 75 and 76: ecommendations was the establishmen
Page 77 and 78: 1863 - 1864 1863 Public Works (Manu
Page 79 and 80: Death of James Barry (1795-1865) wh
Page 81 and 82: emoval of house refuse. See 1870. A
Page 83 and 84: under the control of the poor law a
Page 85 and 86: commission's view that in some dist
Page 87: spirits; limited the number of such
Page 91 and 92: central inspectorate. See 1883 and
Page 93 and 94: Artizans Dwellings Act (45&46 Vict.
Page 95 and 96: (later Sir, 1850-1932, medical offi
Page 97 and 98: sanitary and safety matters includi
Page 99 and 100: Elementary Education (School Attend
Page 101 and 102: 1908. Cleansing of Persons Act (60&
Page 103 and 104: developed a typhoid vaccine. 1898 C
Page 105 and 106: education authorities, which were g
Page 107 and 108: examinations at Oxford or Cambridge
Page 109 and 110: children. It gave powers for the re
Page 111 and 112: the Poor Law needed to be reshaped,
Page 113 and 114: 1910 - 1911 1910 Mines Accident (Re
Page 115 and 116: 1914 Outbreak of the Great War (191
Page 117 and 118: The first ante-natal clinic opened
Page 119 and 120: Medical Women's Federation founded.
Page 121 and 122: League of Nations was created. See
Page 123 and 124: age 65 1921 Cont 1921 cont years or
Page 125 and 126: Ministry of Labour Committee on the
Page 127 and 128: wider the scope of these services,
Page 129 and 130: school leaving age should be raised
Page 131 and 132: 1929 Cont 1929 cont care; and the d
Page 133 and 134: Fourth Revision of the Internationa
Page 135 and 136: 1933 Cont - 1934 1933 cont of medic
Page 137 and 138: National Health Insurance Scheme pr
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Matrimonial Causes Act (1 Edw.VIII
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the London County Council; and the
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1940 - 1941 1940 Food rationing (ba
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department of state, and recommende
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defined role in 1943 Cont - 1944 19
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1944 Cont 1 1944 cont Disabled Pers
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egional hospital boards, boards of
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Health during the war (see 1941). "
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The Local Government Boundary Commi
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Officers); and, made the Home Offic
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King Edward's Hospital Fund for Lon
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1950 - 1951 1950 Korean war started
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1951 Cont 1 1951 cont a registered
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"The Advance to Social Medicine" by
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double helical structure of deoxyri
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The Acton Society Trust, funded by
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1957 Dentists Act (5&6 Eliz.II, c.2
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Slaughter of Animals Act (7 Eliz.II
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introduction of a national qualific
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1960 Cont - 1961 1960 cont The Comm
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authority, with counties (with powe
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1962 Cont 2 - 1963 1962 cont For th
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Six small outbreaks of diphtheria i
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1964 Cont - 1965 1964 cont Council
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carried out in Buckinghamshire, of
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1966 Cont 1 1966 cont staff related
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1966 Cont 2 - 1967 1966 cont Englis
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1967 Cont 1 1967 cont National Nurs
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Elderly in Government Institutions
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Medicines Commission, which set up
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group therapy, therapeutic communit
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(chairman, Lord Redcliffe-Maud) cri
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The abolition of capital punishment
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1970 Cont 1 1970 cont In November t
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county boroughs, 34 metropolitan di
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stated: "Put at its simplest, commu
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1971 Cont 3 - 1972 1971 cont Betwee
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physician, the nursing officer, a l
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and a small number of
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1972 Cont 4 - 1973 1972 cont King E
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helping people to use the procedure
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Trade Union and Labour Relations Ac
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1974 Cont 2 1974 cont Report by Lad
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1974 Cont 3 - 1975 1974 cont govern
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"The School Health Service 1908-74"
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Layfield) reported. The Committee d
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personal (as distinct from the clin
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1976 Cont 3 - 1977 1976 cont commun
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1977 Cont - 1978 1977 cont features
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health and medical care, there rema
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area tier and establishing district
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1980 1980 Magistrates' Courts Act (
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Advisory Service, from whom it had
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and required that provision for spe
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established the Audit Commission in
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Mobile Homes Act (c.34) dealt with
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1984 Rates Act (c.33) reformed the
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1984 Cont 2 - 1985 1984 cont The Ex
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"Quality in General Practice" publi
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1986 Cont 1 1986 cont Ministry of A
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1986 Cont 2 - 1987 1986 cont The Ro
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1987 Cont 2 - 1988 1987 cont The Ki
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House of Commons Social Services Co
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The Ministry of Agriculture, Fisher
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water and the disposal of sewage. S
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1992 Cont 1 1992 cont education; pr
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National Lottery Act (c.39) enabled
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A Working Group (chairman, CJ Scott
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Environment Act (c.25) established
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esearch). Demands for more money fo
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1996 Cont 2 - 1997 1996 cont traini
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historic boundaries between academi
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zones; introduced the category of f
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supervision of patients in the comm
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1998 Cont 4 1998 cont abuse of soci
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1998 Cont 5 - 1999 1998 cont occasi
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opportunities; and particular initi
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that where possible two adjacent ho
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Parker reviewing 1999 Cont 4 1999 c
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TABLE POPULATION AND BIRTH AND DEAT
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APPENDIX 1 SOVEREIGNS FROM 1066 ENG
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APPENDIX 3 MINISTERS OF HEALTH 1919
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APPENDIX 4 LONDON MEDICAL SCHOOLS P
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Nissel, Muriel, People Count. A His
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Animals (Scientific Procedures) 198
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Cruelty to Animals 1876 Custody of
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INDEX TO ACTS 5 Factories 1850, 193
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Infectious Diseases (Prevention) 18
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INDEX TO ACTS 9 Mines Accident (Res
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INDEX TO ACTS 11 Professions Supple
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INDEX TO ACTS 13 Smoke Nuisance (Sc
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Air Pollution 1953, 1954 Alternativ
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Elderly at Home. A Study of People
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INDEX OF OFFICIAL REPORTS 5 Integra
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INDEX OF OFFICIAL REPORTS 7 Nationa
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Reform of Local Government in Engla
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Towards an Integrated Child Health
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Alzheimer's disease (see also Aged
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Bethune, Robert de 1148 Beveridge,
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Bucknill, Sir John 1842 Budd, W. 18
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Child Support Agency 1991, 1995, 19
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Cooke, A.M. 1964 Cooper, J. 1966 Co
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Diabetes 1922, 1925, 1941 Dick, W.
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Electrocardiogram 1887 Electron 189
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Fitzroy, A. 1904 Fleas 1897 Fleming
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Gibb, G.D. 1981
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Guerin, C. 1921 "Guide to Social Se
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GENERAL INDEX 21 Hereford, Bishop o
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Huxham, J. 1750 GENERAL INDEX 23 "H
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"Journal of State Medicine" 1892 GE
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Lipworth, L. 1966 Lister, J. 1865 G
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Mair, A. 1972 Malaria 1897, 1909, 1
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Medawar, Sir Peter 1953 GENERAL IND
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GENERAL INDEX 32 “Moral and Physi
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GENERAL INDEX 34 National Society f
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Old age pensions (see also National
Page 373 and 374:
"Physical Deterioration" 1904 Physi
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GENERAL INDEX 39 Port (sanitary) he
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GENERAL INDEX 41 Queen Elizabeth Ho
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GENERAL INDEX 43 Rothschild, Lord 1
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GENERAL INDEX 45 School boards (Sco
Page 383 and 384:
Social Medicine, Society for 1956,
Page 385 and 386:
GENERAL INDEX 49 Tallow-melting 128
Page 387 and 388:
GENERAL INDEX 51 Universities (see
Page 389 and 390:
GENERAL INDEX 53 Willink, Sir Henry
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