A Chronology of State Medicine, Public Health, Welfare and Related ...

1962 Cont 2 - 1963
1962 cont For the first time over 100,000 deaths were registered as due to cancer. All
regions in England and Wales were incorporated into a comprehensive cancer registration
scheme.
Severe fog in London caused about 700 extra deaths (see 1952).
Royal College of Physicians of London published its first report "Smoking and Health"
setting out the serious ill effects of smoking tobacco. Revised editions followed in subsequent
years and the title was changed to "Smoking or Health" in 1983.
Technical improvements in artificial hip joints led to widespread adoption of hip
replacement operations in elderly people.
College (Royal in 1970) of Pathologists founded jointly by the Association of Clinical
Pathologists and the Society of Pathologists, with Sir Roy Cameron as the first president.
Ministry of Health started to set up an organisation within the Ministry to develop
funding and management of health services research, with the appointment of RHL Cohen as
deputy chief medical officer. See 1971.
"Towards a Measure of Medical Care; Operational Research in the Health Services",
published by the Nuffield Provincial Hospitals Trust, reported on a conference held in Oxford
in 1960 and attended by leading authorities on operational research in medical and public
health services. The Conference concluded that the development of applied research
techniques in these fields showed promise, but a major limiting factor was the shortage of
suitably trained people.
University of Keele founded.
"The Last Refuge", by Peter Townsend, published. The book described conditions in
residential homes for elderly people.
1963 The year of the reign of the monarch was dropped from the chapter number of acts.
London Government Act (c.33) replaced the London County Council, Middlesex
County Council, the boroughs within them, and county boroughs on the edge of London by
the Greater London Council and 32 London boroughs. The City Corporation was retained;
and responsibility for education services for the inner London boroughs was placed under the
Inner London Education Authority. The changes took place in 1965. See 1978.
Offices, Shops and Railway Premises Act (c.41) applied provisions concerning health,
welfare and safety of the employees in the defined premises, thus implementing most of the
recommendations of the Gowers Committee (see 1949). Local authorities were given the duty
to enforce the provisions (except the fire sections) in shops and offices (except local authority
premises), and the factory inspectorate had the duty in regard to other premises. See 1974.
Water Resources Act (c.38) set up river authorities, superseding the river boards (see
1948), with powers to control the abstraction of water and pollution; and created the Water
Resources Board to advise the Minister of Housing and Local Government and the river
authorities. See 1973.
Children and Young Persons Act (c.37) amended previous acts and embodied the
recommendations of the Ingleby Committee (see 1960), but raised the age of criminal
responsibility to 10 years (not 12). See 1969.
Nursing Homes Act (c.13) authorised the Minister of Health to make regulations
governing the conduct of nursing homes; and repealed the exemptions from registration set
out in the Public Health Act 1936. See 1975.
Ministry of Health published "Health and Welfare: The Development of Community
Care", Cmnd.1973, setting out the ten-year plans of local authorities for developing their