Human Development in India - NCAER

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employment 53Table A.4.3a: Type of Employment for Employed Men and Women Aged 15–59 Years (Urban and Rural)Males (Per cent)Females (Per cent)Culti- Livestock Agri- Non- Salaried Busi- Culti- Livestock Agri- Non- Salaried BusivationRearing cultural Agricutural Work ness vation Rearing cultural Agricutural Work nessLabour Labour Labour LabourAll India 34 31 23 24 22 16 38 56 27 9 9 6Age15–19 33 40 23 22 10 10 32 57 25 8 4 420–9 33 27 22 28 20 15 37 50 26 10 10 630–9 32 28 24 25 24 18 38 55 30 10 10 640–59 35 33 23 21 26 16 40 59 26 7 8 6EducationNone 35 36 42 34 9 9 40 58 35 10 4 41–4 Std 38 34 35 29 11 13 42 54 26 8 7 75–9 Std 37 32 20 27 18 16 38 57 17 7 8 810–11 Std 31 26 11 15 34 19 32 51 8 6 19 1112 Std/ 31 26 7 10 36 24 23 44 7 3 34 13Some collegeGraduate/Diploma 18 16 2 4 60 22 8 17 1 1 70 11Maximum Adult Education in the HouseholdNone 33 35 44 36 8 8 33 53 43 13 5 41–4 Std 37 36 39 32 10 11 37 54 39 12 4 45–9 Std 37 33 23 29 16 15 42 59 24 9 7 610–11 Std 33 28 13 18 28 18 41 58 16 6 8 812 Std/Some college 35 28 10 13 31 22 43 58 13 4 11 10Graduate/Diploma 24 21 4 6 50 22 30 46 6 3 30 8Place of ResidenceMetro city 1 1 2 16 61 21 2 7 1 11 63 19Other urban 4 6 4 25 42 27 7 25 10 17 34 18Developed village 37 32 29 22 16 14 38 54 32 7 6 6Less developedvillage 51 47 30 26 11 11 46 66 28 8 3 3IncomeLowest Quintile 49 44 40 24 6 8 42 58 34 7 4 42nd Quintile 36 36 39 34 9 10 36 54 40 11 5 53rd Quintile 34 31 27 31 15 15 36 55 31 12 7 64th Quintile 28 26 16 24 27 19 35 54 20 9 11 8Highest Quintile 25 20 4 10 46 23 34 54 6 4 21 9(contd)
54 human development in india(Table A.4.3a contd )Social GroupMales (Per cent)Females (Per cent)Culti- Livestock Agri- Non- Salaried Busi- Culti- Livestock Agri- Non- Salaried BusivationRearing cultural Agricutural Work ness vation Rearing cultural Agricutural Work nessLabour Labour Labour LabourForward Castes 36 28 10 11 32 21 42 58 13 3 13 7OBC 38 36 22 22 21 16 43 56 26 7 8 7Dalit 24 25 35 34 19 10 25 53 39 12 8 4Adivasi 49 44 41 29 13 7 56 49 45 13 5 3Muslim 26 22 15 31 20 24 24 64 9 12 8 8Other religions 23 12 11 16 35 19 16 55 7 5 23 9Note: Distribution of workers across categories is not exclusive to only one category. For example, a person might be engaged in cultivation aswell in animal care at different times in a day, or on different days. This person would then get classified as worker in the cultivation as well asanimal care category. Consequently, the row totals for both male and female categories will not add up to 100 per cent.Source: IHDS 2004–5 data.
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HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN INDIAUMANEVELO
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HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN INDIAHUMANDEVE
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ToThe 41,554 households who partici
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viiicontentsSOCIAL CHANGES11. Socia
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x tables, figures, and boxes6.1 Enr
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xiitables, figures, and boxes6.1a L
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ForewordIndia has been fortunate as
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PrefaceOn account of the size of it
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acknowledgements xixWhile space doe
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xxii research team and advisorsO.P.
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AbbreviationsASERBPLCHCDPTFPSHCRHDI
Page 28 and 29: 1IntroductionLong years ago we made
Page 30 and 31: introduction 5the agricultural stag
Page 32: introduction 7on income points out,
Page 36 and 37: 2Income, Poverty, and InequalityAs
Page 38 and 39: income, poverty, and inequality 13t
Page 40 and 41: income, poverty, and inequality 15A
Page 42 and 43: income, poverty, and inequality 173
Page 44 and 45: income, poverty, and inequality 19R
Page 46 and 47: income, poverty, and inequality 21T
Page 48 and 49: income, poverty, and inequality 23D
Page 54 and 55: agriculture 29Figure 3.1Source: IHD
Page 56 and 57: agriculture 31Figure 3.2bSource: IH
Page 58 and 59: agriculture 33other religious minor
Page 60 and 61: agriculture 35Figure 3.5Source: IHD
Page 62 and 63: agriculture 37Table A.3.1aCultivati
Page 64 and 65: 4EmploymentChapter 2 noted tremendo
Page 66 and 67: employment 41Box 4.1Education Does
Page 68 and 69: employment 43in urban areas, animal
Page 70 and 71: employment 45not surprising that Ta
Page 72 and 73: employment 47These agricultural and
Page 74 and 75: employment 49Table A.4.1a Work Part
Page 76 and 77: employment 51Table A.4.2a: Number o
Page 80 and 81: employment 55Table A.4.3b: Statewis
Page 86 and 87: household assets and amenities 61WA
Page 88 and 89: household assets and amenities 63Bo
Page 90 and 91: household assets and amenities 65Fi
Page 92 and 93: household assets and amenities 67an
Page 94 and 95: household assets and amenities 69Bo
Page 96: household assets and amenities 71Ta
Page 100 and 101: 6EducationThe chapters on income (C
Page 102 and 103: education 77Figure 6.1aSource: IHDS
Page 104 and 105: education 7995 per cent children ag
Page 106 and 107: education 81Figure 6.3 Educational
Page 108 and 109: education 836-14 year old, about 40
Page 110 and 111: education 85in a lose-lose situatio
Page 112 and 113: education 87society. Arithmetic ski
Page 114 and 115: education 89Table A.6.2aDiscontinua
Page 116 and 117: education 91Table A.6.3a Schooling
Page 118 and 119: education 93Table A.6.4a Reading, W
Page 120 and 121: education 95Table A.6.5a Skill Leve
Page 122 and 123: 7Health and Medical CareThroughout
Page 124 and 125: health and medical care 99Box 7.1Al
Page 126 and 127: health and medical care 101Figure 7
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health and medical care 103Source:
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health and medical care 105Figure 7
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health and medical care 107Medical
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health and medical care 109Sixty ni
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health and medical care 111increase
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health and medical care 113Figure 7
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health and medical care 115Box 7.3T
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health and medical care 117Table A.
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8Child Well-beingThe well-being of
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child well-being 127privileged and
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child well-being 129Source: IHDS 20
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child well-being 131age. Our result
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child well-being 133Table A.8.1a In
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child well-being 135Table A.8.2bSta
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child well-being 137Table A.8.3bSta
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well-being of the older population
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gender and family dynamics 149Not s
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gender and family dynamics 151withi
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gender and family dynamics 153monet
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gender and family dynamics 155DISCU
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gender and family dynamics 157Table
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11Social Integration and ExclusionT
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social integration and exclusion 17
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villages in a global world 183mean
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villages in a global world 185Table
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villages in a global world 193Figur
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13Social Safety Nets in IndiaPublic
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social safety nets in india 199Anty
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social safety nets in india 201THE
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social safety nets in india 203HIGH
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social safety nets in india 205(Tab
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14ConclusionI was again on a great
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conclusion 209enrolment, it also un
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conclusion 211availability of work
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Appendix I—IHDS: The DesignOne of
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appendix i 215Figure AI.2 India Hum
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appendix i 217Table AI.1Statewise D
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appendix i 219(Table AI.2 contd )Ne
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appendix i 221developed for NSS emp
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Appendix II—Chapter Organization
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appendix ii 225(Table AII.1 contd )
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appendix ii 227will often require t
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BibliographyAbbas, A.A. and G.J. Wa
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ibliography 231Blyn, G. (1966). Agr
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ibliography 233Malik, S. (1979). So
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