THE AVATAR IN PANAMA - Theses - Flinders University

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Introducing the Double:The Seductive Paradoxa Enrique Jaramillo Levi”, which can be found in Appendices A1 andA2. A concise biography, “Enrique Jaramillo Levi: Un hombre de letras”constitutes Appendix B, and Appendix C contains “A ThematicTaxonomy of Doubles and Doubling in the Fiction of Enrique JaramilloLevi”. This document is a thematic categorisation which includesvocabulary links, recurrent images, replicated situations and objects,and concepts and themes, within Jaramillo Levi’s fiction.Throughout the project several problems were encounteredinvolving materials, publications, and the critical literature. Difficultiesranged from accessing texts due to the publishers’ location, limitededitions of publications, and their unavailability on-line. Due to JaramilloLevi’s prolific output keeping track of publications has proven difficult;some editions did not exist, presumably because they had beendocumented in references and bibliographies before being published,and many stories were revised, retitled and republished in othercollections. Jaramillo Levi’s influence within the academic field inPanama posed a potential conflict of interest in his capacity as theeditor of Panama’s only literary cultural magazine, as an academic atthe Institute of Technology in Panama, and as the head of the EditorialSignos publishing house. Consequently, the criticism that exists inPanama may be compromised and less impartial than it should be whilevery little exists outside the Americas. Jaramillo Levi is said to beoriginal and unique. He absolutely is but he has done this as anyinnovative author does by studying the prototype, by reading thepreceding literature and by appropriating and individualising the classicelements of a genre.The majority of critics have labelled Jaramillo Levi as apostmodern writer. There has been little mention of modernism, nor hasthere been any comparative study with modern writers treating thetheme. 10 Consequently, the response to the previous postmodernliterary criticism has been from the postmodern perspective. This studyis not just an analysis of how the double is depicted in Enrique JaramilloLevi’s fiction; if it were, he would be the only writer mentioned, andthere would be no comparative detail. The premise of this thesis is thatthe Panamanian has employed both modern and postmodern elementsand features of the double and doubling to create his own personalisedversions of the device and its manipulation in literature. His capacity forinnovation and creativity together with an ability to think laterally, havejustified his reputation as a highly original writer in his field. He hassucceeded in cementing his position by determining and selecting thoseelements of classic, modern, and more recent literature of the double10 “La dirección de su ensayo es completamente pertinente y necesaria ya que eltema del doble no puede separarse de la producción artística moderna". FernandoBurgos, “Doctoral thesis: Enrique Jaramillo Levi”, e-mail to Denise MacLeod, 7 Feb.2007.8
Introducing the Double:The Seductive Paradoxwhich appeal to the reader; and by integrating them into a new style ofhybrid jaramilloleviana story. He has, in effect, drawn from the best toreinvent his idée fixe --the theme of the double, his avatar.“Duplicaciones, el que más me ha dado ‘fama’”. 11Jaramillo Levi has said, “[e]n esta parcela del mundo [AméricaLatina] la literatura busca más que nunca nuevas y trascendentesmaneras de decir las cosas que han sido, son y pueden ser”. 12 Thedilemma is how to represent a device imbued in European folklore andtradition, maintain its integrity so that it is recognisable, and yet situate itin the twentieth and twenty first centuries in Latin America.While Jaramillo Levi’s work covers many creative areas, forms,and themes, this study is interested in the Panamanian’s portrayal ofthe double today in his short fiction using “el espeso bosque narrativode Duplicaciones” as a point of reference. 13 The rationale for this is thatDuplicaciones remains Jaramillo Levi’s favourite book, and it is withoutdoubt the most influential collection of his writing in Panama’s literaturetoday: 14En efecto, Duplicaciones continuó ejerciendoinfluencia temática, de actitud, de técnicas enrelación con lo fantástico, e incluso filosófica, enmis textos posteriores. Pero ya está en loscuentos anteriores de El búho que dejó de latir,y luego de Renuncia al tiempo y de Ahora quesoy él, libro anterior en su escritura, el primero ymás o menos de la misma época que los otrosdos; además de en algunos de El fabricante demáscaras (especie de cajón de sastre en quemetí todo lo que no estaba en los demás libros).11 Birmingham-Pokorny, “Las realidades de Enrique Jaramillo Levi: una entrevista”.185-198. 190.12 Jaramillo Levi, “Autorreflexión y epifanía de la escritura”, Los escritores y lacreación en Hispanoamérica, ed. Fernando Burgos (Madrid: Editorial Castalia, c2004)427.13 This quote summarises Ángela Romero Pérez’s description of the collection.Romero Pérez, La mirada oblicua: Voces, siluetas y texturas en “Duplicaciones” deEnrique Jaramillo Levi, (Panamá: Universal, 2003) 29.14 Followed by Renuncia al tiempo and Ahora que soy él. Birmingham-Pokorny, “Lasrealidades de Enrique Jaramillo Levi”, 186-187.9
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3.2 Double Whammy: Mixed Doubles Th
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Concluding Remarks: the Paradox in
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Appendix A1:Double-Speak: Interview
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Appendix A2:Dentro de los zapatos:
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List of Works CitedThe Avatar in Pa
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