UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT

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UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT Figure 10.4: Growth in number of tertiary graduates in Southeast Europe, 2005–2012 Selected countries Bosnia & Herzegovina Percentage change % 152.0 160.5 247.5 319.5 Croatia 58.7 61.4 82.8 120.3 Macedonia, FYR 54.2 63.1 97.8 97.8 doctorate: total doctorate: female bachelor’s & master’s: total bachelor’s & master’s: female Slovenia 39.9 61.7 58.8 49.7 Greece 39.0 66.7 58.8 65.4 Serbia 9.1 9.9 38.9 71.4 Note: For Bosnia & Herzegovina and Serbia, the period covered is 2007–2012 and for Greece, 2007–2011. Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics, April 2015 Figure 10.5: Number of researchers in Southeast Europe, 2008 and 2013 Albania Bosnia & Herzegovina Croatia Greece Macedonia, FYR Montenegro Serbia Slovenia 2008 M F 2008 2013 2008 2013 2008 2013 2008 2013 2013 2008 2013 2008 2013 M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F 467 207 745 829 302 968 527 1402 716 474 198 2 326 Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics, April 2015 3 262 3 332 3 020 4 728 6 697 6 688 6 213 5 900 7 032 8 884 9 602 9 978 11 802 19 593 0 5 000 10 000 15 000 20 000 25 000 24 674 280
Southeast Europe The share of women researches in Southeast Europe is much higher than the EU average. Within the region, all but Greece and Slovenia have maintained or attained gender parity since 2005, or are on the verge of attaining it, as in the case of Albania (Table 10.4). A region where engineering dominates research The majority of researchers tend to be engineers in Croatia, Greece, Serbia and Slovenia. In FYR Macedonia, most researchers work in engineering, followed by medical sciences. Researchers in Montenegro tend to be employed in medical sciences and those in Albania in agriculture. It is interesting to note that about one in three engineers are women. Slovenia stands out as being the only case where women represent just one in five engineers. In medical sciences and the humanities, there even tend to be more women researchers than men (Table 10.5). This also happens to be the case for agriculture in Montenegro, Serbia and Slovenia, for natural sciences in Montenegro, Serbia and FYR Macedonia and for social sciences in Slovenia. Researchers tend to gravitate towards the government or higher education sectors in all but Slovenia, where industry is the biggest employer (Figure 10.6). Given the current problems with collecting data on industrial R&D, this picture may change somewhat once the statistics improve. Chapter 10 Table 10.4: Researchers in Southeast Europe (HC) per million inhabitants by gender, 2005 and 2012 Total population (‘000s) 2012 Per million inhabitants 2005 Per million inhabitants 2012 Total 2005 Total, 2012 Women, 2005 Women, 2012 Women (%), 2005 Women (%), 2012 Albania 3 162 – 545 -4 – 1 721 -4 – 763 -4 – 44.3 -4 Bosnia & Herzegovina 3 834 293 325 +1 1 135 1 245 +1 – 484 +1 – 38.9 +1 Croatia 4 307 2 362 2 647 10 367 11 402 4 619 5 440 44.6 47.7 Greece 11 125 3 025 4 069 -1 33 396 45 239 -1 12 147 16 609 -1 36.4 36.7 Macedonia, FYR 2 106 1 167 1 361 +1 2 440 2 867 +1 1 197 1 409 +1 49.1 49.1 +1 Montenegro 621 1 028 2 419 -1 633 1 546 -1 252 771 -1 39.8 49.9 -1 Serbia 9 553 1 160 1 387 11 551 13 249 5 050 6 577 43.7 49.6 Slovenia 2 068 3 821 5 969 7 664 12 362 2 659 4 426 34.8 35.8 +n/-n = data refer to n years before or after reference year Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics, April 2015 Table 10.5: Researchers in Southeast Europe (HC) by field and gender, 2012 Natural sciences Women (%) Engineering and technology Women (%) Medical and health sciences Women (%) Agriculture Women (%) Social sciences Women (%) Humanities Women (%) Albania, 2008 149 43.0 238 30.3 156 60.3 330 37.9 236 37.7 612 52.1 Bosnia & Herzegovina, 2013 206 43.7 504 29.6 31 58.1 178 42.7 245 54.7 68 19.1 Croatia 1 772 49.7 3 505 34.9 2 387 56.1 803 45.8 1 789 55.6 1 146 55.4 Greece, 2011 6 775 30.7 15 602 29.5 9 602 43.0 2 362 33.1 5 482 38.0 5 416 54.1 Macedonia, FYR, 2011 – – 567 46.4 438 65.1 103 49.5 322 50.0 413 64.2 Montenegro, 2011 104 56.7 335 37.0 441 58.5 66 54.5 291 46.0 309 51.8 Serbia 2 726 55.2 3 173 35.9 1 242 50.4 1 772 60.0 2 520 47.9 1 816 57.2 Slovenia 3 068 37.5 4 870 19.5 1 709 54.2 720 52.8 1 184 49.8 811 52.5 Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics, April 2015 281
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UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT Towards 2030
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Published in 2015 by the United Nat
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Report team Director of the Publica
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UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT A closer look
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UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT Table 25.1. S
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Foreword Irina Bokova, Director-Gen
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Science for a sustainable and just
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Science powers commerce - but not o
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Figure 7.8 (continued) Life science
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UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT REFERENCES Ci
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Figure 13.1: Trends in GERD 1.29% 1
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RUSSIAN FEDERATION UNESCO Figure 14
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UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT reliant on en
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