Danon Dr Jakov - Jadovno 1941.

trade, handicrafts and culture. The Jews, carried away by the ancient relations, settled
Alexandria, which, by the number of popuation, became much greater than Judea.
In the time of breakthrough of the Hellenists, which ideological picture was judaism,
the translation of the holly book of Torra in Greece came in Alexandria so-called The
translation of seventy people, what, within the time, brought to the great waves of spreading
of Moses faith in the Hellenist countries.
Hellenism, with its schools of philosophy, grammar schools, academies and stadiums,
more and more, was breaking into the closed world of the Jews, bringing, within the time a
variant of Greece-Hebrew in the forground. Inspite of that, diaspora was maintaining the
relations with home, the letters in Hebrew.
The appearance of the first legal regulations of Talmud fell in that time, because both
oral and written orders with the points in Torra should be adapted to newly created historical
conditions, with the goal of the Old Testament. It apppeared the first casuistic interpretation
of Torra (Mišna rišona-The first repeating of Torra) by Hasidey (God-fearing) writers, the
representatives of mood of the wide masses, contrary to stronger and stronger asimilatory
strivings of archpriesthood and the subject family of Sadukeja. Primary letter experts, and
later on Pharisees were working out that system was trying to dissociate both Torra and the
Jewish people from the influence of Hellenism.
But the dynamics of written judaism was unavoidably subject to the history through
which multimillenium temporal distance, and beside all reservations under the influence of
Hellenistic and Arab culture, came to the beginning of illumination of handwriting (the Lord's
name was written in gold letters), with more and more biblical illuminations, and the
blooming of Jewish iconoclasm with the occurence of illuminated biblical stories Hagada on
Pesah (Sarajevo Hagada) what is contrary to II commandment: Do not make yourself images
and featers of anything (Egsodus 20/4).
MACCABEES
Because of great taxes and despotism of Selkuida dynasty and the retreats of
archpriesthood family to hellenistic attitudes, the ways of living, it came to general people's
resistance in the form of movements, which was the assignment of zeal to God's legal code of
Torra. The movement experienced its affirmation under the leadership of local priest
Matatije Ben Johana Kohena from Modeja, and the sons Juda, Simon and Jonathan, who, in
167 B.C., organized the rebellion against the ruling landowners and archpriesthood family. In
that time they were also opposed by the representatives of middle class, handicrafts, teachers
and judges as the great supporters of Torra, known in the history as Pharisees (special-singled
out), out of whom sect Eseni was separated at the very beginning of II century, which was
without political ambitions, directed on life according to God's laws. And the idea of God's
delegate-Messiah's coming was in full blooming with the Esens exactly, and, according to the
historical facts, the bud of an early Christianity and New Testament was created and coming
in sight through and around that sect. The leading Pharisees, thanking to theirs new legislative
position in Sanhedrin and who were working in the Temple, were supplementing Mišna
rišona, which was about to be in its basis, later on, the base of Talmud. But, when czar
Antiohus Epifanes IV wanted to carry out further hellenization of the Jews, forbiding the
reading of Torra, under the death threat, it came to general rebellion in 141 B.C., under the
leadership of Jud Makabija (Heb-makabi-gavel ), and which finished with the victory of
Maccabees, after three years of fighting, by establishment of maccabees or hashmonees
state, which was acknowledged by a new force in boom, Roman Empire, which started its
breakthrough on the ground of the Far East.
The Temple was cleaned from the pagan elements, and dedication of the Temple was
about to be done. But, how, according to legend, it was found the oil for menora (heb.
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