Growth, Differentiation and Sexuality

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XVIII Contents Reproductive Processes 14 Asexual Sporulation in Mycelial Fungi R. Fischer, U. Kües .............................................. 263 15 Mating-Type Structure, Evolution, and Function in Euascomycetes R. Debuchy, B.G. Turgeon ........................................ 293 16 Fruiting-Body Development in Ascomycetes S. Pöggeler, M. Nowrousian, U. Kück ............................. 325 17 The Mating Type Genes of the Basidiomycetes L.A. Casselton, M.P. Challen ..................................... 357 18 Regulatory and Structural Networks Orchestrating Mating, Dimorphism, Cell Shape, and Pathogenesis in Ustilago maydis M. Feldbrügge, M. Bölker, G. Steinberg, J. Kämper, R. Kahmann .... 375 19 The Emergence of Fruiting Bodies in Basidiomycetes H.A.B. Wösten, J.G.H. Wessels .................................... 393 20 Meiosis in Mycelial Fungi D. Zickler ...................................................... 415 Biosystematic Index Subject Index
List of Contributors Alex Andrianopoulos (e-mail: alex.a@unimelb.edu.au, Tel.: +61-3-83445164, Fax: +61-3-83445139) Department of Genetics, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia Michael Bölker Philipps-Universität Marburg, Fachbereich Biologie, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse 8, 35032 Marburg, Germany Kylie J. Boyce Department of Genetics, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia Current address: Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4 BC, Canada Richard Calderone Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA Lorna A. Casselton (e-mail: lorna.casselton@plant-sciences.oxford.ac.uk, Tel.: +44-1865-275109, Fax: +44-1865-275074) Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RB, UK and Warwick HRI, University of Warwick, Wellesbourne, Warwick CV35 9EF, UK Mike P. Challen Warwick HRI, University of Warwick, Wellesbourne, Warwick CV35 9EF, UK Luis M. Corrochano (e-mail: corrochano@us.es, Tel.: +34-954-550919, Fax: +34-954-557104) Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Reina Mercedes 6, Apartado 1095, 41080 Sevilla, Spain Robert Debuchy (e-mail: robert.debuchy@igmors.u-psud.fr, Tel.: +33-1-69154665, Fax: +33-1-69157006) Institut de Génétique et Microbiologie, UMR CNRS-Université 8621, Bâtiment 400, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay cedex, France Karl Esser (e-mail: karl.esser@rub.de, Tel.: +49-234-3222211, Fax: +49-234-3214211) Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine Botanik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany Michael Feldbrügge Max-Planck-Institut für Terrestrische Mikrobiologie, Abteilung Organismische Interaktionen, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany Reinhard Fischer (e-mail: reinhard.fischer@bio.uni-karlsruhe.de, Tel.: +49-721-6084630, Fax: +49-721-6084509) Max-Planck-Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Str., 35043 Marburg, and Institute for Applied Life Sciences, Applied Microbiology, University of Karlsruhe, Hertzstr. 16, 76187 Karlsruhe, Germany
Page 2 and 3: The Mycota Edited by K. Esser
Page 4 and 5: The Mycota A Comprehensive Treatise
Page 6 and 7: Karl Esser (born 1924) is retired P
Page 8 and 9: VIII Series Preface Class: Saccharo
Page 10 and 11: Addendum to the Series Preface In e
Page 12 and 13: XIV Volume Preface to the First Edi
Page 14 and 15: XVI Volume Preface to the Second Ed
Page 18 and 19: XX List of Contributors André Flei
Page 20 and 21: Vegetative Processes and Growth
Page 22 and 23: 4 K.J. Boyce and A. Andrianopoulos
Page 40 and 41: 22 L.J. García-Rodríguez et al. I
Page 42 and 43: 24 L.J. García-Rodríguez et al. F
Page 44 and 45: 26 L.J. García-Rodríguez et al. 2
Page 46 and 47: 28 L.J. García-Rodríguez et al. M
Page 48 and 49: 30 L.J. García-Rodríguez et al. a
Page 50 and 51: 32 L.J. García-Rodríguez et al. t
Page 52 and 53: 34 L.J. García-Rodríguez et al. H
Page 54 and 55: 36 L.J. García-Rodríguez et al. T
Page 56 and 57: 38 S.D. Harris dle organization tha
Page 58 and 59: 40 S.D. Harris 2001; Borkovich et a
Page 60 and 61: 42 S.D. Harris terized in A. nidula
Page 62 and 63: 44 S.D. Harris astral microtubules
Page 64 and 65: 46 S.D. Harris entry, and the CDK N
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48 S.D. Harris and Hamer 1997), the
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50 S.D. Harris Murray AW (2004) Rec
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4 Apical Wall Biogenesis J.H. Siets
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fungi can be regarded as “tube-dw
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In agreement with an essential role
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Kopecka and Gabriel 1992). They als
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nearly all the label was present in
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ingredients such as wall components
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in membrane enlargement and exocyto
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sis occurs, coinciding with a gradi
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pling of two (1-3)-alpha-glucan seg
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Sietsma JH, Wessels JGH (1977) Chem
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5 The Fungal Cell Wall J.P. Latgé
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polymers (chitosan) and glucuronic
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Whereas the structural branched β1
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their structural role in the cell w
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eight chitin synthases of A. fumiga
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Characterization of the chs4 mutant
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Fig. 5.8. Experimental data and hyp
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Fig. 5.9. Elongation of the mannan
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end of linear β1,3 glucans, and tr
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Fig. 5.12. Signal transduction in f
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shock,lowosmolarityaswellasotherfac
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ditions. Accordingly, enzymes and r
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Calonge TM, Arellano M, Coll PM, Pe
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Hiura N, Nakajima T, Matsuda K (198
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Martin-Yken H, Dagkessamanskaia A,
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Saporito-Irwin SM, Birse CE, Sypher
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6 Septation and Cytokinesis in Fung
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Septation in Fungi 107 Table. 6.1.
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Fig. 6.1. Selection of a cell divis
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Calderone, Chap. 5, this volume, an
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permissive temperature, multiple se
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eports suggested such a function fo
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understood mechanism of mitotic exi
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Implication in cytokinesis in Sacch
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Trinci APJ, Morris NR (1979) Morpho
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124 N.L. Glass and A. Fleissner ter
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126 N.L. Glass and A. Fleissner 188
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128 N.L. Glass and A. Fleissner Fig
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130 N.L. Glass and A. Fleissner sub
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132 N.L. Glass and A. Fleissner dur
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134 N.L. Glass and A. Fleissner G1
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136 N.L. Glass and A. Fleissner Bri
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138 N.L. Glass and A. Fleissner Mat
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8 Heterogenic Incompatibility in Fu
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Fungal Heterogenic Incompatibility
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B. Genetic Control The genetic back
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active phenotype het-s. The neutral
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Table. 8.1. (continued) Fungal Hete
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is a complex genetic trait controll
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indicate how speciation may be init
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ility controlled by multiple allele
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dependonthematingtypegenes,wasobser
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6. Relation with Histo-Incompatibil
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Semi-Incompatibilität. Z Indukt Ab
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Micali CO, Smith ML (2003) On the i
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Vilgalys RJ, Miller OK (1987) Matin
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168 B.C.K. Lu (Esser et al. 1980; K
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170 B.C.K. Lu enterthePCDpathway,wi
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172 B.C.K. Lu et al. 2004). It is l
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174 B.C.K. Lu (MMP), through ruptur
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176 B.C.K. Lu Fig. 9.1. Effects of
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178 B.C.K. Lu drial fission during
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180 B.C.K. Lu Although the cytologi
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182 B.C.K. Lu be arrested at diffus
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184 B.C.K. Lu Harris MH, Thompson C
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186 B.C.K. Lu oxygen species, in Kl
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10 Senescence and Longevity H.D. Os
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the amplification of plDNA is not a
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GRISEA is an orthologue of the yeas
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Fig. 10.3. Copper delivery to the c
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have been identified, for example,
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Kück U, Stahl U, Esser K (1981) Pl
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Signals in Growth and Development
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204 U. Ugalde II. Germination The p
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206 U. Ugalde Fig. 11.2.A-C Drawing
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208 U. Ugalde duction (Schimmel et
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210 U. Ugalde position, possibly in
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212 U. Ugalde Champe SP, Rao P, Cha
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12 Pheromone Action in the Fungal G
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sibly due to displacement of the hy
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all these compounds, the B-derivate
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shows the same activity in M. muced
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C. Oomycota In the non-mycotan phyl
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following sequence of events has be
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the standard Mendelian segregation
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Elliott CG, Knights BA (1981) Uptak
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constitutively transcribed but its
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234 L.M. Corrochano and P. Galland
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Reproductive Processes
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264 R. Fischer and U. Kües 2. Chla
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266 R. Fischer and U. Kües resourc
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268 R. Fischer and U. Kües ular le
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270 R. Fischer and U. Kües pathway
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272 R. Fischer and U. Kües and con
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274 R. Fischer and U. Kües Timberl
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276 R. Fischer and U. Kües PsiB le
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278 R. Fischer and U. Kües Table.
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280 R. Fischer and U. Kües tein ki
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282 R. Fischer and U. Kües nitroge
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284 R. Fischer and U. Kües tion, t
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286 R. Fischer and U. Kües Busch S
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288 R. Fischer and U. Kües Jeffs L
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290 R. Fischer and U. Kües Pöggel
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292 R. Fischer and U. Kües Yamashi
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294 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon tha
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296 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon loc
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298 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon Tab
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300 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon Fig
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302 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon mai
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304 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon mol
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306 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon gen
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308 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon int
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310 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon Fig
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312 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon pro
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314 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon B.
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316 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon 2.
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318 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon in
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320 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon be
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322 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon Lee
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16 Fruiting-Body Development in Asc
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phae originating from the base of a
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Table. 16.1. (continued) Fruiting B
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(Raju 1992). When male-sterile muta
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1. nsd (never in sexual development
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egular intervals; both effects requ
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the balance between sexual and asex
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ductionofeitherpheromoneisdirectlyc
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(Catlett et al. 2003). Eleven genes
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negative mutation of KREV-1 resulte
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through MAP kinase modules to cell-
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The fact that fruiting-body formati
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Balestrini R, Mainieri D, Soragni E
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point mutation of the beta subunit
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Mitchell TK, Dean RA (1995) The cAM
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YamashiroCT,EbboleDJ,LeeBU,BrownRE,
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358 L.A. Casselton and M.P. Challen
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376 M. Feldbrügge et al. different
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378 M. Feldbrügge et al. Fig. 18.3
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380 M. Feldbrügge et al. et al. 20
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382 M. Feldbrügge et al. for unbia
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384 M. Feldbrügge et al. In U. may
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386 M. Feldbrügge et al. Neurospor
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388 M. Feldbrügge et al. Bernards
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390 M. Feldbrügge et al. O’Donne
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19 The Emergence of Fruiting Bodies
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2003; Kües et al. 2004) are the fi
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(Manachère 1988), C. cinereus (Tsu
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emergence of fruiting bodies. In th
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Rather, development is arrested in
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10 nm thick is highly insoluble and
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it has been suggested that hydropho
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expression in the stipe suggests th
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Cooper DNW, Boulianne RP, Charlton
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Lu BC (1974) Meiosis in Coprinus. R
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Takagi Y, Katayose Y, Shishido K (1
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20 Meiosis in Mycelial Fungi D. Zic
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Fig. 20.1. A-E Diagrammatic represe
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etween dispersed DNA repeats. In N.
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Fig. 20.2. Meiotic recombination. S
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mechanism whereby homologues locate
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An important component of the bouqu
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observed when the mammal LE compone
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A. Chromosome and Sister-Chromatid
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ascus plus ascospore morphogenesis
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syndrome)discoveredasageneinvolvedi
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Kitajima TS, Kawashima SA, Watanabe
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Rossignol J-L, Faugeron G (1995) MI
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Biosystematic Index Absidia glauca
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violaceum 153 Microsporum 149 Mimos
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Subject Index ABC transporter 382 a
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fluffy 270, 276 formin 8, 10, 13, 1
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MAT protein interaction 308, 315 ma
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sporangiophore 234, 242, 246-252, 2
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