Growth, Differentiation and Sexuality

228 C. Schimek and J. Wöstemeyer
to this model, membrane-associated receptors
coupled to cytoplasmatic signal transduction
chains would not be involved in trisporoidmediated
regulation of sexual reactions in
Zygomycetes.
References
Arsenault GP, Biemann K, Barksdale AW, McMorris TC
(1968) The structure of antheridiol, a sex hormone
in Achlya bisexualis. J Am Chem Soc 90:5635–5636
Austin DJ, Bu’Lock JD, Gooday GW (1969) Trisporic acids:
sexual hormones from Mucor mucedo and Blakeslea
trispora. Nature 223:1178–1179
Austin DJ, Bu’Lock JD, Drake D (1970) The biosynthesis
of trisporic acids from β-carotene via retinal and
trisporol. Experientia 26:348–349
Barksdale AW (1963) The role of hormone A during
sexual conjugation in Achlya ambisexualis.Mycologia
55:627–632
Barksdale AW (1967) The sexual hormones of the fungus
Achlya. Ann N Y Acad Sci 144:313–319
Barksdale AW (1969) Sexual hormones of Achlya and other
fungi. Science 166:831–837
Barksdale AW, Lasure LL (1973) Induction of gametangial
phenotypes in Achlya. Bull Torrey Bot Club 100:199–
202
Barksdale AW, Lasure LL (1974) Production of hormone B
by Achlya heterosexualis. Appl Microbiol 28:544–546
Barksdale AW, McMorris TC, Seshadri R, Arunachalam T
(1974) Response of Achlya ambisexualis E87 to the hormone
antheridiol and certain other steroids. J Gen Microbiol
82:295–299
Bastien J, Rochette-Egly C (2004) Nuclear retinoid receptors
and the transcription of retinoid target genes. Gene
17:1–16
Blakeslee AF (1904) Sexual reproduction in the Mucorineae.
Proc Am Acad Arts Sci 40:205–319
Brunt SA, Silver JC (1986a) Steroid hormone-induced
changes in secreted proteins in the filamentous fungus
Achlya. Exp Cell Res 163:22–34
Brunt SA, Silver JC (1986b) Cellular localization of steroid
hormone-regulated proteins during sexual development
in Achlya. Exp Cell Res 165:306–319
Brunt SA, Silver JC (1987) Steroid hormone-regulated basic
proteins in Achlya ambisexualis. Exp Mycol 11:65–69
Brunt SA, Silver JC (1991) Molecular cloning and characterization
of two distinct hsp85 sequences from the
steroid responsive fungus Achlya ambisexualis. Curr
Genet 19:383–388
Brunt SA, Silver JC (2004) Molecular cloning and characterization
of two different cDNAs encoding the molecular
chaperone hsp90 in the oomycete Achlya ambisexualis.
Fungal Genet Biol 41:239–252
Brunt SA, Borkar M, Silver JC (1998a) Regulation of hsp90
and hsp70 genes during antheridiol-induced hyphal
branching in the oomycete Achlya ambisexualis. Fungal
Genet Biol 24:310–324
Brunt SA, Perdew GH, Toft DO, Silver JC (1998b) Hsp90containing
multiprotein complexes in the eukaryotic
microbe Achlya. Cell Stress Chaperones 3:44–56
Brunt SA, Rhiel R, Silver JC (1990) Steroid hormone regulation
of the Achlya ambisexualis 85-kilodalton heat
shock protein, a component of the Achlya steroid receptor
complex. Mol Cell Biol 10:273–281
Bu’Lock JD, Osagie AU (1973) Prenols and ubiquinones in
single-strain and mated cultures of Blakeslea trispora.
J Gen Microbiol 76:77–83
Bu’Lock JD, Drake D, Winstanley DJ (1972) Specificity and
transformations of the trisporic acid series of fungal
sex hormones. Phytochemistry 11:2011–2018
Bu’Lock JD, Jones BE, Quarrie SA, Winskill N (1973) The
biochemical basis of sexualitiy in Mucorales. Naturwissenschaften
60:550–551
Bu’Lock JD, Jones BE, Taylor D, Winskill N, Quarrie SA
(1974) Sex hormones in Mucorales. The incorporation
of C20 and C18 precursors into trisporic acids. J Gen
Microbiol 80:301–306
Bu’Lock JD, Jones BE, Winskill N (1976) The apocarotenoid
system of sex hormones and prohormones in Mucorales.
Pure Appl Chem 47:191–202
Caglioti L, Cainelli G, Camerino B, Mondelli R, Prieto A,
Quilico A, Salvatori T, Selva A (1966) The structure of
trisporic-C acid. Tetrahedron Suppl 7:175–187
Carlile MJ, Machlis L (1965a) A comparative study of the
chemotaxis of the motile phases of Allomyces. AmJ
Bot 52:484–486
Carlile MJ, Machlis L (1965b) The response of male gametes
of Allomyces to the sexual hormone sirenin. Am J Bot
52:478–483
Cerdá-Olmedo E, Hüttermann A (1986) Förderung und
Hemmung der Carotinsynthese bei Phycomyces durch
Aromaten. Angew Bot 69:59–70
Chern LL, Ko WH, Tang CS (1996) Factors affecting yields
of α hormones of Phytophthora parasitica obtained by
adsorption. Can J Microbiol 42:172–176
Chern LL, Tang CS, Ko WH (1999) Chemical characterization
of alpha hormones of Phytophthora parasitica.Bot
Bull Acad Sinica 40:79–85
Chung HJ, Fu HY, Thomas TL (2005) Abscisic acid-inducible
nuclear proteins bind to bipartite promoter elements
required for ABA response and embryo-regulated expression
of the carrot Dc3 gene. Planta 220:424–433
Cvitanich C, Judelson HS (2003) A gene expressed during
sexual and asexual sporulation in Phytophthora infestans
isamemberofthePuffamilyoftranslational
regulators. Eukaryot Cell 2:465–473
Czempinski K, Kruft V, Wöstemeyer J, Burmester A (1996) 4-
Dihydromethyltrisporate dehydrogenase from Mucor
mucedo, an enzyme of the sexual hormone pathway:
purification, and cloning of the corresponding gene.
Microbiology 142:2647–2654
Edwards JA, Mills JS, Sundeen J, Fried JH (1969) The synthesis
of the fungal sex hormone antheridiol. J Am Chem
Soc 91:1248–1249
Elliott CG (1972) Sterols and the production of oospores by
Phytophthora cactorum. J Gen Microbiol 72:321–327
Elliott CG (1979) Influence of the structure of the sterol
molecule on sterol-induced reproduction in Phytophthora
infestans. J Gen Microbiol 115:117–126
Elliott CG (1983) Physiology of sexual reproduction in
Phytophthora. In: Erwin DC, Bartnicki-Garcia S, Tsao
PH (eds) Phytophthora. Its biology, taxonomy, ecology
and pathology. American Phytopathological Society,
St Paul, pp 71–81