Growth, Differentiation and Sexuality

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390 M. Feldbrügge et al. O’Donnell KL, McLaughlin DJ (1984) Postmeiotic mitosis, basidiospore development, and septation in Ustilago maydis. Mycologia 76:486–502 Olofsson B (1999) Rho guanine dissociation inhibitors: pivotal molecules in cellular signalling. Cell Signal 11:545–554 Quadbeck-Seeger C, Wanner G, Huber S, Kahmann R, Kämper J (2000) A protein with similarity to the human retinoblastoma binding protein 2 acts specifically as arepressorforgenesregulatedbytheb mating type locus in Ustilago maydis. Mol Microbiol 38:154–166 Regenfelder E, Spellig T, Hartmann A, Lauenstein S, Bölker M, Kahmann R (1997) G proteins in Ustilago maydis: transmission of multiple signals? EMBO J 16:1934–1942 Reichmann M, Jamnischek A, Weinzierl G, Ladendorf O, Huber S, Kahmann R, Kämper J (2002) The histone deacetylase Hda1 from Ustilago maydis is essential for teliospore development. Mol Microbiol 46:1169–1182 Romeis T, Brachmann A, Kahmann R, Kämper J (2000) Identification of a target gene for the bE-bW homeodomain protein complex in Ustilago maydis.MolMicrobiol 37:54–66 Sacadura NT, Saville BJ (2003) Gene expression and EST analyses of Ustilago maydis germinating teliospores. Fungal Genet Biol 40:47–64 Santos B, Snyder M (1997) Targeting of chitin synthase 3 to polarized growth sites in yeast requires Chs5p and Myo2p. J Cell Biol 136:95–110 Sawin KE, Nurse P (1998) Regulation of cell polarity by microtubules in fission yeast. J Cell Biol 142:457–471 Schauwecker F, Wanner G, Kahmann R (1995) Filamentspecific expression of a cellulase gene in the dimorphic fungus Ustilago maydis. Biol Chem Hoppe Seyler 376:617–625 Schuchardt I, Aßmann D, Thines E, Schuberth C, Steinberg G (2005) Myosin-V, Kinesin-1, and Kinesin-3 cooperate in long-distance transport in hyphal growth of the fungus Ustilago maydis, Mol Biol Cell (in press) Schulz B, Banuett F, Dahl M, Schlesinger R, Schäfer W, Martin T, Herskowitz I, Kahmann R (1990) The b alleles of U. maydis, whose combinations program pathogenic development, code for polypeptides containing a homeodomain-related motif. Cell 60:295–306 Smith DG, Garcia-Pedrajas MD, Hong W, Yu Z, Gold SE, Perlin MH (2004) A ste20 homologue in Ustilago maydis plays a role in mating and pathogenicity. Eukaryot Cell 3:180–189 Snetselaar KM (1993) Microscopic observation of Ustilago maydis mating interactions. Exp Mycol 17:345–355 Snetselaar KM, Mims CW (1994) Light and electron microscopy of Ustilago maydis hyphae in maize. Mycol Res 98:347–355 Snetselaar KM, Bölker M, Kahmann R (1996) Ustilago maydis mating hyphae orient their growth toward pheromone sources. Fungal Genet Biol 20:299–312 Steinberg G (2000) The cellular roles of molecular motors in fungi. Trends Microbiol 8:162–168 Steinberg G, Wedlich-Söldner R, Brill M, Schulz I (2001) Microtubules in the fungal pathogen Ustilago maydis are highly dynamic and determine cell polarity. J Cell Sci 114:609–622 Stradal TE, Rottner K, Disanza A, Confalonieri S, Innocenti M, Scita G (2004) Regulation of actin dynamics by WASP and WAVE family proteins. Trends Cell Biol 14:303–311 Straube A, Enard W, Berner A, Wedlich-Söldner R, Kahmann R, Steinberg G (2001) A split motor domain in a cytoplasmic dynein. EMBO J 20:5091–5100 Straube A, Brill M, Oakley BR, Horio T, Steinberg G (2003) Microtubule organization requires cell cycledependent nucleation at dispersed cytoplasmic sites: polar and perinuclear microtubule organizing centers in the plant pathogen Ustilago maydis. Mol Biol Cell 14:642–657 Straube A, Weber I, Steinberg G (2005) A novel mechanism of nuclear envelope break-down in a fungus: nuclear migration strips off the envelope. EMBO J 24:1674– 1685 That TC, Rossier C, Barja F, Turian G, Roos UP (1988) Induction of multiple germ tubes in Neurospora crassa by antitubulin agents. Eur J Cell Biol 46:68–79 Torreblanca J, Stumpferl S, Basse CW (2003) Histone deacetylase Hda1 acts as repressor of the Ustilago maydis biotrophic marker gene mig1. Fungal Genet Biol 38:22–32 Urban M, Kahmann R, Bölker M (1996a) The biallelic a mating type locus of Ustilago maydis: remnantsofan additional pheromone gene indicate evolution from a multiallelic ancestor. Mol Gen Genet 250:414–420 Urban M, Kahmann R, Bölker M (1996b) Identification of the pheromone response element in Ustilago maydis. Mol Gen Genet 251:31–37 Weber I, Aßmann D, Thines E, Steinberg G (2005) Development-specific roles of polar localizing chitin syntheses in the plant pathogen Ustilago maydis,Plant Cell (in press) Weber I, Gruber C, Steinberg G (2003) A class-V myosin required for mating, hyphal growth, and pathogenicity in the dimorphic plant pathogen Ustilago maydis.Plant Cell 15:2826–2842 Wedlich-SöldnerR,BölkerM,KahmannR,SteinbergG (2000) A putative endosomal t-SNARE links exo- and endocytosis in the phytopathogenic fungus Ustilago maydis. EMBO J 19:1974–1986 Wedlich-Söldner R, Schulz I, Straube A, Steinberg G (2002a) Dynein supports motility of endoplasmic reticulum in the fungus Ustilago maydis. Mol Biol Cell 13:965– 977 Wedlich-Söldner R, Straube A, Friedrich MW, Steinberg G (2002b) A balance of KIF1A-like kinesin and dynein organizes early endosomes in the fungus Ustilago maydis. EMBO J 21:2946–2957 Weinzierl G, Leveleki L, Hassel A, Kost G, Wanner G, Bölker M (2002) Regulation of cell separation in the dimorphic fungus Ustilago maydis. Mol Microbiol 45:219–231 Win TZ, Gachet Y, Mulvihill DP, May KM, Hyams JS (2001) Two type V myosins with non-overlapping functions in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe:Myo52 is concerned with growth polarity and cytokinesis, Myo51 is a component of the cytokinetic actin ring. J Cell Sci 114:69–79 Wösten HA, Bohlmann R, Eckerskorn C, Lottspeich F, Bölker M, Kahmann R (1996) A novel class of small amphipathic peptides affect aerial hyphal growth and surface hydrophobicity in Ustilago maydis. EMBOJ 15:4274–4281
Xiang X, Plamann M (2003) Cytoskeleton and motor proteins in filamentous fungi. Curr Opin Microbiol 6:628– 633 Yokoyama K, Kaji H, Nishimura K, Miyaji M (1990) The role of microfilaments and microtubules in apical growth Regulatory and Structural Networks in Ustilago maydis 391 and dimorphism of Candida albicans.JGenMicrobiol 136:1067–1075 Zhang FL, Casey PJ (1996) Protein prenylation: molecular mechanisms and functional consequences. Annu Rev Biochem 65:241–269
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The Mycota Edited by K. Esser
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The Mycota A Comprehensive Treatise
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Karl Esser (born 1924) is retired P
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VIII Series Preface Class: Saccharo
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Addendum to the Series Preface In e
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XIV Volume Preface to the First Edi
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XVI Volume Preface to the Second Ed
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XVIII Contents Reproductive Process
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XX List of Contributors André Flei
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Vegetative Processes and Growth
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4 K.J. Boyce and A. Andrianopoulos
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22 L.J. García-Rodríguez et al. I
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24 L.J. García-Rodríguez et al. F
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26 L.J. García-Rodríguez et al. 2
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28 L.J. García-Rodríguez et al. M
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30 L.J. García-Rodríguez et al. a
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32 L.J. García-Rodríguez et al. t
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34 L.J. García-Rodríguez et al. H
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36 L.J. García-Rodríguez et al. T
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38 S.D. Harris dle organization tha
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40 S.D. Harris 2001; Borkovich et a
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42 S.D. Harris terized in A. nidula
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44 S.D. Harris astral microtubules
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46 S.D. Harris entry, and the CDK N
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48 S.D. Harris and Hamer 1997), the
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50 S.D. Harris Murray AW (2004) Rec
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4 Apical Wall Biogenesis J.H. Siets
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fungi can be regarded as “tube-dw
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In agreement with an essential role
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Kopecka and Gabriel 1992). They als
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nearly all the label was present in
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ingredients such as wall components
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in membrane enlargement and exocyto
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sis occurs, coinciding with a gradi
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pling of two (1-3)-alpha-glucan seg
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Sietsma JH, Wessels JGH (1977) Chem
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5 The Fungal Cell Wall J.P. Latgé
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polymers (chitosan) and glucuronic
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Whereas the structural branched β1
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their structural role in the cell w
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eight chitin synthases of A. fumiga
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Characterization of the chs4 mutant
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Fig. 5.8. Experimental data and hyp
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Fig. 5.9. Elongation of the mannan
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end of linear β1,3 glucans, and tr
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Fig. 5.12. Signal transduction in f
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shock,lowosmolarityaswellasotherfac
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ditions. Accordingly, enzymes and r
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Calonge TM, Arellano M, Coll PM, Pe
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Hiura N, Nakajima T, Matsuda K (198
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Martin-Yken H, Dagkessamanskaia A,
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Saporito-Irwin SM, Birse CE, Sypher
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6 Septation and Cytokinesis in Fung
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Septation in Fungi 107 Table. 6.1.
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Fig. 6.1. Selection of a cell divis
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Calderone, Chap. 5, this volume, an
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permissive temperature, multiple se
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eports suggested such a function fo
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understood mechanism of mitotic exi
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Implication in cytokinesis in Sacch
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Trinci APJ, Morris NR (1979) Morpho
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124 N.L. Glass and A. Fleissner ter
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126 N.L. Glass and A. Fleissner 188
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128 N.L. Glass and A. Fleissner Fig
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130 N.L. Glass and A. Fleissner sub
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132 N.L. Glass and A. Fleissner dur
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134 N.L. Glass and A. Fleissner G1
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136 N.L. Glass and A. Fleissner Bri
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138 N.L. Glass and A. Fleissner Mat
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8 Heterogenic Incompatibility in Fu
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Fungal Heterogenic Incompatibility
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B. Genetic Control The genetic back
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active phenotype het-s. The neutral
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Table. 8.1. (continued) Fungal Hete
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is a complex genetic trait controll
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indicate how speciation may be init
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ility controlled by multiple allele
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dependonthematingtypegenes,wasobser
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6. Relation with Histo-Incompatibil
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Semi-Incompatibilität. Z Indukt Ab
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Micali CO, Smith ML (2003) On the i
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Vilgalys RJ, Miller OK (1987) Matin
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168 B.C.K. Lu (Esser et al. 1980; K
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170 B.C.K. Lu enterthePCDpathway,wi
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172 B.C.K. Lu et al. 2004). It is l
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174 B.C.K. Lu (MMP), through ruptur
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176 B.C.K. Lu Fig. 9.1. Effects of
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178 B.C.K. Lu drial fission during
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180 B.C.K. Lu Although the cytologi
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182 B.C.K. Lu be arrested at diffus
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184 B.C.K. Lu Harris MH, Thompson C
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186 B.C.K. Lu oxygen species, in Kl
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10 Senescence and Longevity H.D. Os
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the amplification of plDNA is not a
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GRISEA is an orthologue of the yeas
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Fig. 10.3. Copper delivery to the c
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have been identified, for example,
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Kück U, Stahl U, Esser K (1981) Pl
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Signals in Growth and Development
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204 U. Ugalde II. Germination The p
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206 U. Ugalde Fig. 11.2.A-C Drawing
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208 U. Ugalde duction (Schimmel et
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210 U. Ugalde position, possibly in
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212 U. Ugalde Champe SP, Rao P, Cha
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12 Pheromone Action in the Fungal G
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sibly due to displacement of the hy
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all these compounds, the B-derivate
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shows the same activity in M. muced
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C. Oomycota In the non-mycotan phyl
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following sequence of events has be
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the standard Mendelian segregation
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Elliott CG, Knights BA (1981) Uptak
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constitutively transcribed but its
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234 L.M. Corrochano and P. Galland
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Reproductive Processes
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264 R. Fischer and U. Kües 2. Chla
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266 R. Fischer and U. Kües resourc
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268 R. Fischer and U. Kües ular le
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270 R. Fischer and U. Kües pathway
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272 R. Fischer and U. Kües and con
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274 R. Fischer and U. Kües Timberl
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276 R. Fischer and U. Kües PsiB le
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278 R. Fischer and U. Kües Table.
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280 R. Fischer and U. Kües tein ki
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282 R. Fischer and U. Kües nitroge
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284 R. Fischer and U. Kües tion, t
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286 R. Fischer and U. Kües Busch S
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288 R. Fischer and U. Kües Jeffs L
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290 R. Fischer and U. Kües Pöggel
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292 R. Fischer and U. Kües Yamashi
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294 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon tha
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296 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon loc
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298 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon Tab
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300 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon Fig
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302 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon mai
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304 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon mol
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306 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon gen
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308 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon int
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310 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon Fig
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312 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon pro
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314 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon B.
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316 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon 2.
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318 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon in
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320 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon be
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322 R. Debuchy and B.G. Turgeon Lee
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16 Fruiting-Body Development in Asc
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phae originating from the base of a
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Table. 16.1. (continued) Fruiting B
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(Raju 1992). When male-sterile muta
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1. nsd (never in sexual development
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egular intervals; both effects requ
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the balance between sexual and asex
Page 346 and 347: ductionofeitherpheromoneisdirectlyc
Page 348 and 349: (Catlett et al. 2003). Eleven genes
Page 350 and 351: negative mutation of KREV-1 resulte
Page 352 and 353: through MAP kinase modules to cell-
Page 354 and 355: The fact that fruiting-body formati
Page 356 and 357: Balestrini R, Mainieri D, Soragni E
Page 358 and 359: point mutation of the beta subunit
Page 360 and 361: Mitchell TK, Dean RA (1995) The cAM
Page 362 and 363: YamashiroCT,EbboleDJ,LeeBU,BrownRE,
Page 364 and 365: 358 L.A. Casselton and M.P. Challen
Page 382 and 383: 376 M. Feldbrügge et al. different
Page 384 and 385: 378 M. Feldbrügge et al. Fig. 18.3
Page 386 and 387: 380 M. Feldbrügge et al. et al. 20
Page 388 and 389: 382 M. Feldbrügge et al. for unbia
Page 390 and 391: 384 M. Feldbrügge et al. In U. may
Page 392 and 393: 386 M. Feldbrügge et al. Neurospor
Page 394 and 395: 388 M. Feldbrügge et al. Bernards
Page 398 and 399: 19 The Emergence of Fruiting Bodies
Page 400 and 401: 2003; Kües et al. 2004) are the fi
Page 402 and 403: (Manachère 1988), C. cinereus (Tsu
Page 404 and 405: emergence of fruiting bodies. In th
Page 406 and 407: Rather, development is arrested in
Page 408 and 409: 10 nm thick is highly insoluble and
Page 410 and 411: it has been suggested that hydropho
Page 412 and 413: expression in the stipe suggests th
Page 414 and 415: Cooper DNW, Boulianne RP, Charlton
Page 416 and 417: Lu BC (1974) Meiosis in Coprinus. R
Page 418 and 419: Takagi Y, Katayose Y, Shishido K (1
Page 420 and 421: 20 Meiosis in Mycelial Fungi D. Zic
Page 422 and 423: Fig. 20.1. A-E Diagrammatic represe
Page 424 and 425: etween dispersed DNA repeats. In N.
Page 426 and 427: Fig. 20.2. Meiotic recombination. S
Page 428 and 429: mechanism whereby homologues locate
Page 430 and 431: An important component of the bouqu
Page 432 and 433: observed when the mammal LE compone
Page 434 and 435: A. Chromosome and Sister-Chromatid
Page 436 and 437: ascus plus ascospore morphogenesis
Page 438 and 439: syndrome)discoveredasageneinvolvedi
Page 440 and 441: Kitajima TS, Kawashima SA, Watanabe
Page 442 and 443: Rossignol J-L, Faugeron G (1995) MI
Page 444 and 445: Biosystematic Index Absidia glauca
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violaceum 153 Microsporum 149 Mimos
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Subject Index ABC transporter 382 a
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fluffy 270, 276 formin 8, 10, 13, 1
Page 452 and 453:
MAT protein interaction 308, 315 ma
Page 454:
sporangiophore 234, 242, 246-252, 2
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