Message - 7th IAL Symposium

2B-O
Lichen: from genome to ecosystem in a changing world
(2B-O3) Submission ID: IAL0077-00001
OCCURRENCE AND HOST SPECIFICITY OF MACRO-LICHENS AMONG TROPICAL
DECIDUOUS FOREST OF SHIMOGA DISTRICT, SOUTHERN INDIA
Vinayaka K. S. 1 , Krishnamurthy Y. 1
1 Dept. of Botany, Kuvempu University, Shimoga, Karnataka, India
In the present investigation the diversity, distribution and host specificity of macro-lichens of tropical
deciduous forests of Shimoga district, India was studied. During intensive field exploration 61 species of macrolichens
classified in 23 genera and belonging to 9 families were found. The family Physciaceae is dominating with
21 species, followed by Parmeliaceae with 17 species. The corticolous lichens dominate with representing about
85% of the recorded species, while about 10% of the species were saxicolous. About 80% of the species were
foliose and about 20% fruticose. Roughly 70% lichens have green algae as photobionts and 30% cyanobacteria
associated as photobiont. In a heterogeneous forest land the diversity of lichens is variable as the supporting
host trees provide space for different types of lichens. Some of the macrolichens were found to have a broad
amplitude. This includes Leptogium sp. Parmotrema tinctorum, P. cristiferum, Ramalina pacifica, and Usnea sp.
Parmotrema tinctorum had the widest amplitude and was found growing on 9 different host tree species among
the selected 30 host species. The most important host species were Terminalia paniculata, Spondias pinnata,
Polyalthea sp., Bombax ceiba, Ziziphus sp., Delonix regia, Mangifera indica but they did not occur on the bark
of Xylia xylocarpa, Tectona grandis, Lagistromia lanceoata and Adina cordifolia. The pH value of the bark varies
between 3.73 (Santalum album) and 6.84 (Canthium sp.). Most of the lichens prefer acidic bark and moisture
content varies from Terminalia tomentosa (40.24%) to Ficus racemosa (84.27%). The lichens showed preference
for certain trees mostly based on the nature of bark and its microelements and chemical composition.
(2B-O4) Submission ID: IAL0134-00001
EPIPHYTIC LICHEN COMMUNITIES IN BOREAL CONIFER FORESTS OF PACIFIC COAST
OF NORTHEAST ASIA (RUSSIA)
Velikanov A. 1 , Skirina I. 2
1 Laboratory of Geobotany, Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Vladivostok, Russia
2 Landscape and Environment Research Center, Pacific Institute of Geography, Vladivostok, Russia
A study of lichen communities was carried out in humid boreal conifer forests on the Pacific coast of
Northeast Asia. The main goal was to describe the structure of lichen communities and to reveal their relationships
to ecological factors. The three most common conifer tree species in the region were chosen for lichen
sampling: Picea jezoensis, Abies nephrolepis and Pinus koraiensis. 85 study plots were established on trunks
of these trees in two main locations representing intact oldgrowth forest ecosystems. Species composition and
a relative cover of each species were recorded for each plot. A total of 90 lichen species were identified. Using
Ward’s cluster analysis we defined 9 main lichen synusiae. Using statistical analytic tools we assessed the relationships
between lichen communities and various environmental conditions, including large-scale factors (like
geographic location and climate), mid-scale (forest type, relief) and small-scale factors (bark morphology, trunk
aspect, height of the plot above ground). Large-scale factors proved to have the most influence on community
composition, while some more local conditions showed a facultative influence, if any. Lichen species were also
compared for coenotic activity (ability to dominate the communities) and frequency. Graphis scripta, Menegazzia
terebrata and Parmelia squarrosa appeared to be the leading species in both aspects.
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