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Lichen: from genome to ecosystem in a changing world 4I-P 4I: Lichenological research in South-East Asia and the Pacific region (4I-P1) Submission ID: IAL0026-00001 THE LICHENS FAMILY PHYSCIACEAE (LECANORALES, ASCOMYCOTA) IN THAILAND Meesim S. 1 , Mongkolsuk P. 1 , Boonpragob K. 1 , Buaruang K. 1 , Manoch L. 2 , Kalb K. J. 3 1 Biology, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand 2 Plant Pathology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand 3 Botany, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany Members of the lichens family Physciaceae were collected from sixteen provinces and eleven forest types in Thailand and taxonomically identified in the period between 1995 and 2010. They were classified under the rubrics of nineteen genera and one hundred twenty-eight species. Nine taxa of foliose and twenty-six taxa of crustose lichens were newly described in Thailand. In addition, nine taxa of foliose and twenty-seven of crustose lichens are expected to be identified as new species previously unknown to science. (4I-P2) Submission ID: IAL0029-00001 IN VITRO ANTIPROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITY OF LAURERA SPECIES (TRYPETHELIACEAE, PYRENULALES) CRUDE EXTRACTS AGAINST FOUR HUMAN CANCER CELL LINES Vongshewarat K. 1 , Rodtong S. 2 , Siripong P. 3 1 Lichen Research Unit, Lichen Research Unit, Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand 2 Microbiology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand 3 Research Division, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, Thailand Laurera species is a common genera of crustose lichens in Thailand, which has been reported to produce antifungal compounds and photoprotective secondary products. The chemical constituents of several lichens have been shown to have biological and pharmaceutical activity including antibacterial, antifungal, antiproliferative and cytotoxic activity. The aim of this study is to investigate in vitro antiproliferative activity of Laurera species crude extracts with different solvents of increasing polarity. Four crustose lichen species, Laurera benguelensis, L. madreporiformis, L. meristospora, and L. subdiscreta, were extracted successively with chloroform and methanol using maceration process. The cytotoxic activity of the eight lichen extracts was evaluated in vitro using four human cancer cells: KB (human epidermoid carcinoma), HepG2 (human hepatocellular carcinoma) HeLa (human cervical carcinoma) and MCF-7 (human breast carcinoma) and a non-cancerous cells, Vero (African green monkey kidney cells). The inhibition of cell proliferation by crude extracts was determined by MTT colorimetric assay and g/ml. The crude chloroform extract of the four µ30 < active standard value at IC 50 crustose lichens showed against four human cancer cells (KB, HepG2, HeLa and g/ml, µMCF-7) at the IC 50 values of 0.3-11.0, 0.49-24.0, 0.59-19.0 and 0.9-35.5 respectively, whereas the methanolic extracts had weak activity (IC 50 vales of g/ml) but exhibit low toxicity with normal cell than other crude µ14.5-100 g/ml). Therefore, the nonpolar lichen compounds µ extracts IC 50 vales of 45-59 showed higher antiproliferative and cytotoxic activity than polar lichen compounds. Purification and identification of the bioactive components from these active lichens are under investigation. 138
The 7 th International Association for Lichenology Symposium 2012 (4I-P3) Submission ID: IAL0037-00002 ANZIA MAHAELIYENSIS AND ANZIA FLAVOTENUIS, TWO NEW SPECIES FROM HORTON PLAINS SRI LANKA Jayalal R. U. 1 , Wolseley P. 2 , Gueidan C. 2 , Aptroot A. 3 , Wijesundara S. 4 , Karunaratne V. 1 1 Department of Chemistry, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka 2 Department of Botany, The Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom 3 Department of Botany, ABL Herbarium, Gerrit Van Der Veenstraat, Netherlands 4 Department of National Botanic Gardens, Royal Botanic Gardens, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka The genus Anzia includes c. 34 accepted species worldwide, occurring mainly in subtropical to tropical mountains at altitudes between 1,000 to 4,000 m in both the northern and the southern hemispheres. During a study of epiphytic lichens in Horton Plains National Park in Sri Lanka, the first author collected specimens of two taxa of Anzia for further study at the Natural History Museum, London. Morphological and anatomical observations and HPTLC analyses of these two specimens suggested that they are new to science and will be validly published in a forthcoming paper in the Lichenologist. In order to assess their phylogenetic relationship to each other and to other species of Anzia, molecular analysis was undertaken and a phylogenetic tree constructed using six published ITS sequences from 5 species of Anzia as well as ITS sequences from other Parmelioid genera as outgroups including Pannoparmelia angustata (formerly included in Anzia). The most likely tree shows that both new species cluster within the well-supported genus Anzia, and are genetically distinct from each other and from other sampled species of Anzia. They form a monophyletic group together with A. hypoleucoides: the first one, Anzia flavotenuis sp. nov. is most closely related to A. hypoleucoides and the second one A. mahaeliyensis sp. nov. is sister to these two species. Both A. hypoleucoides and A. flavotenuis contain lobaric acid but the former lacks the yellow pigment and does not have isidia. The species in the other well-supported group within Anzia (A. colpodes, A. colpota, A. formosana and A. opuntiella) contain divaricatic acid except for A. formosana which contains anziaic acid, also present in A. mahaeliyensis. Morphologically, A. mahaeliyensis is characterised by a white single-layered medulla and pale tipped isidia and A. flavotenuis by a two-layered medulla with the upper layer yellow and the lower part white, a central chondroid axis and isidia with brown-black tips. As traditionally delimited based on morphology, these two new species would belong to two different subgenera, but our molecular results show that they belong to the same lineage and suggest that these two subgenera are not monophyletic. 139 4I-P
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