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Lichen: from genome to ecosystem in a changing world 4I-P (4I-P14) Submission ID: IAL0209-00001 CONCENTRATION OF RADIOISOTOPES IN LICHENS BEFORE AND AFTER FUKUSHIMA NPP ACCIDENT IN JAPAN Ohmura Y. 1 , Hosaka K. 1 , Kasuya T. 2 , Matsumoto H. 3 , Abe J. P. 2 , Kakishima M. 2 1 Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, Japan 2 Graduate School of Life And Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan 3 Radioisotope Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan After the earthquakes and tsunami, and the following disaster at the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) on March 11, 2011, high concentration of radioisotopes, i.e., radiocesium ( 137 Cs, 134 Cs) and radioiodine ( 131 I) has been reported from eastern Japan. Most reports came from atmosphere, surface soil, water and vegetables, and by far none of such investigations have been devoted to fungi. Fungi, especially lichens and mushrooms are known to accumulate radioisotopes from surrounding environment. We therefore investigated the concentrations of radioisotopes ( 137 Cs, 134 Cs, 131 I) in lichens and mushrooms collected in Tsukuba city (ca. 170 km south of the Fukushima NPP) and adjacent area using a low background gamma-ray detector. In order to evaluate the values, we also measured those radioisotopes of herbarium lichen specimens which were collected before the Fukushima NPP accident. Radioisotope concentrations of lichens within the campus of University of Tsukuba were as follows. Phaeophyscia spinellosa growing on horizontal surface of concrete: 137 Cs, 134 Cs, 131 I = ND, ND, ND on February 19, 2010; 12641±279, 12413±285, 8436±207 (Bq/kg fresh weight) on April 26, 2011; 14876±314, 13197±256, ND on June 30, 2011. Dirinaria applanata growing on trunk: 3558±129, 3219±105, 3438±103 on April 26, 2011. Physcia orientalis growing on trunk: 20553±339, 18049±248, ND on June 30, 2011. Lichens tend to accumulate the radioisotopes except 131I as the days go by. The results from mushrooms within the campus were variable and generally showed less concentration of radioisotopes than lichens. However, it is surprising in that lignicolous mushrooms (e.g. Schizophyllum: 5719±202, 5506±194, 8681±463 on April 26, 2011) have significantly higher concentration of radioisotopes than ectomycorrhizal mushroom (e.g. Russula: ND, 130±30, ND on April 26, 2011). With the herbarium specimens of Parmotrema tinctorum collected around Fukushima Prefecture, all values of radioisotopes were ND on September 16, 2008, but 506±90 of 137 Cs was detected from the sample collected on December 5, 1964. The latter is probably derived from the fallout of nuclear tests. (4I-P15) Submission ID: IAL0221-00001 TAXONOMIC STUDY ON THE LICHENS OF “LECIDEA GROUP” FROM WESTERN CHINA Zhang L. 1 , Wang H. 1 , Zhao Z. 1 1 College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Shandong, People’s Republic Of China The genus Lecidea (s. lat., sensu Zahlbruckner 1926) is one of the largest lichen genera and has an extraordinary wide circumscription accepting more than 1,350 taxa in the rank of species. However, in the past several decades many obviously unnatural units have been excluded based on the structure of the ascomata, especially the nature of the hamathecial tissues, ascus apical structures, and exciple. Our work focuses on “Lecidea group”, the genera and species which have crustose to squamulose thallus containing protococcoid algae, dark to black apothecia without a thalline margin, and 8 simple, colourless spores per ascus. During our taxonomic study of “Lecidea group” from Western China, we found 15 new records for the country: Amygdalaria continua Brodo & Hertel, Carbonea vorticosa (Flörke) Hertel, Lecidea berengeriana (A. Massal.) Nyl., L. confluens (Weber) Ach., L. cyrtidia Tuck., L. diducens Nyl., L. lapicida var. pantherina (DC.) Ach., L. promiscens Nyl., L. pseudaglaea Hertel, L. tessellata var. caesia (Anzi) Arnold, Lecidella bullata Korber., L. nashiana Knoph & Leuckert, Porpidia flavicunda (Ach.) Gowan, P. soredizodes (Lamy) J.R. Laundon and P. thomsonii Gowan. Brief description of each species is presented with the morphological, anatomical and chemical characters. 146
The 7 th International Association for Lichenology Symposium 2012 (4I-P16) Submission ID: IAL0243-00003 DETERMINATION OF IRON (Fe) AND ZINC (Zn) CONTENTS IN SOME LICHENS IN NONGSOUNG DISTRICT, MUKDAHAN PROVINCE, THAILAND Keoinpaeng S. 1 , Chantiratikul P. 1 , Papong K. 2 1 Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Mahasarakham University, Thailand 2 Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Mahasarakham University, Thailand This research was to study the concentration of Fe and Zn contents in thallus of Dirinaria picta, Laurera benguelensis, Parmotrema tinctorum and Pyxine coccifera from Nongsoung District, Mukdahan Province. Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) technique was used to determine amounts of metals in corticolous lichens. The high concentration of Fe were found in Pyxine coccifera and Dirinaria picta; 0.959 mg g -1 and 0.853 mg g -1 , respectively. In other hand, Zn concentration was low such as Parmotrema tinctorum 0.293 mg g -1 , Laurera benguelensis 0.213 mg g -1 . The trace element absorption in lichens thallus can be used for bio-monitoring of air pollution. (4I-P17) Submission ID: IAL0244-00001 MEASURING NITRATE AND SULFATE DEPOSITION IN LICHENS AFTER TRANSPLANTATION TO POLLUTED SITES IN BANGKOK, THAILAND Sriviboon C. 1 , Boonpragob K. 2 , Sriviboon T. 1 , Jhumpasri T. 1 , Boonpeng C. 2 1 Chemistry, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand 2 Biology, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand The ion chromatography was performed to measure nitrate and sulfate deposition in lichens transplanted to public parks around Bangkok city. The inorganic anions in lichens were separated and quantify by using column IonPac AS12A and suppressed conductometric detection with ASRS-300 (4 mm). The eluent was a mixture of 2.7 mM Na 2 CO 3 and 0.3 mM NaHCO 3 by isocratic elution. The chromatographic conditions were validated in terms of detection limit, precision and linearity. It was found that the detection limit of nitrate and sulfate were 0.014 mg/L and 0.019 mg/L respectively, and precision in seven repetitions (%RSD) of two ions were more than 2.5% at concentration lower than 1 ppm and less than 0.6 % at concentration higher than 1 ppm. The linearity was obtained by correlation coefficient (R 2 ) better than 0.998. The results found that the amounts of nitrates and sulfates in transplanted lichens from eleven public parks had increasing tendency with exposure time in Bangkok during 19/9/2010 to 5/2/2011. However, the amount of both ions in the last sampling period 20/4/2011, declined in all public parks because of rain before samples were collected. Nevertheless these amounts were still higher than those at Khao Yai National Park and the control site. No correlations, R 2 below 0.3, were found between nitrate and sulfate from CS, KY, BS and SP, whereas the other sites had R 2 higher than 0.5. 147 4I-P
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The 7 th IAL Symposium 2012 Lichens
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