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Lichen: from genome to ecosystem in a changing world 3A-P (3A-P22) Submission ID: IAL0206-00001 PHYLOGENETIC POSITION OF THE CRUSTOSE STEREOCAULON SPECIES Högnabba F. 1 , Nordin A. 2 , Myllys L. 3 , Stenroos S. 3 1 Finnish Museum of Natural History, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Finland 2 Botany, Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Sweden 3 Finnish Museum of Natural History, Botanical Museum, University of Helsinki, Finland Species traditionally included in the genus Stereocaulon (lichenized ascomycetes) are characterized by a dimorphic thallus that consists of a crustose primary thallus and a fruticose secondary thallus (pseudopodetia). However, six crustose species lacking a fruticose secondary thallus are currently included in the genus. Four of these have been included in molecular analyses and their inclusion in the genus was supported. Whether the crustose growth form is a plesiomorphic or apomorphic feature within Stereocaulon has remained unresolved due to contradictory placements of the crustose species in earlier studies. The aim of the present study is to clarify the position of the crustose Stereocaulon species by adding molecular data, especially of the crustose species not included in earlier analyses, i.e. Stereocaulon nivale and S. plicatile. The inclusion of S. plicatile in the genus is particularly interesting as it is the only species in the genus with submuriform to muriform ascospores. Phylogenetic relationships were examined using ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and β-tubulin sequences in parsimony analyses. The results show that the crustose species do not form a monophyletic entity and suggest that the crustose growth form is a plesiomorphic feature within Stereocaulon. The inclusion of the newly sequenced S. nivale and S. plicatile in Stereocaulon is confirmed as these species are nested in the genus. The nested position of S. plicatile indicates an independent gain of the submuriform to muriform spore type within the genus. (3A-P23) Submission ID: IAL0270-00001 MULTILOCUS-BASED PHYLOGENY AND SPECIES RECOGNITION WITHIN THE COSMOPOLITAN PELTIGERA NEOPOLYDACTYLA-DOLICHORHIZA COMPLEX Magain N. 1 , Miadlikowska J. 2 , Lutzoni F. 2 , Goffinet B. 3 , Sérusiaux E. 1 1 Evolution and Conservation Biology, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium 2 Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States 3 Ecolgy and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, United States The Peltigera neopolydactyla-dolichorhiza complex is broadly distributed, growing in boreal and temperate regions from northern Norway to southern Chile, as well as in tropical mountains. Observed morphotype and chemotype variation within this complex suggested the presence of multiple undescribed species. This was confirmed based on a preliminary phylogeny using the ITS region, where P. neopolydactyla and P. dolichorhiza are not distinct monophyletic species, but rather form a complex assemblage of several species, with some well-known species, such as P. hymenina, nested within that species complex. A comprehensive molecular phylogenetic study and a taxonomic revision of this complex are urgently needed. We first generated single-locus and multilocus phylogenies for the entire section Polydactylon (which includes the P. neopolydactyla-dolichorhiza complex), using traditional ITS and nucLSU markers, as well as new protein-coding loci from the AFTOL project. Using 454 generated sequences spanning the entire genome of two species, we are developing primers to amplify and sequence intergenic spacers to enhance species recognition within this complex. We will assess species delimitation in the P. neopolydactyla-dolichorhiza complex by applying a pluralistic approach e.g., phylogenetic and population genetic methods. A detailed study of morphological and chemical characters is conducted to determine their correlation with genetically inferred species. 164
The 7 th International Association for Lichenology Symposium 2012 (3A-P24) Submission ID: IAL0299-00002 SIMPLE TECHNIQUE FOR ON SITE IDENTIFICATION OF PYXINE COCOES (Sw.) NYL., A FOLIOSE LICHEN, BASED ON GENOSENSOR Kosakul T. 1 , Chaumpluk P. 1 , Artchawakom T. 2 1 Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand 2 Sakaerat Environmental Research Station, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Nakornratchasima Province, Thailand A simple technique for an on-site identification of Pyxine cocoes (Sw.) Nyl., a folliose lichen, based on variable sequence domains within the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region had been developed. This technique involved an isothermal DNA amplification of 84 nucleotides fragment of target ITS element for DNA signals multiplication at 63 ºC for 2 hours and a signal detection via visual fluorescence signals simultaneously using DNA binder. Results of the detection can be observed with unaided eye within 2 hours without the need of thermocycler and gel electrophoresis. DNA signals were detected only from Pyxine cocoes but not from Chrysothrix xanthina Kalb. and Parmotrema tinctorum (Nyl.) Hale. The detection limit was at 50 copies of target DNA domains per reaction, equally to 25 cells. This constitutes a basis for a simple and accurate detection of target lichen species, suitable for field application. 165 3A-P
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The 7 th IAL Symposium 2012 Lichens
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