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Lichen: from genome to ecosystem in a changing world 3A-P (3A-P10) Submission ID: IAL0126-00001 PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS OF LICHENIZED AND NON-LICHENIZED CALICIOID FUNGI AND THE EVOLUTION OF THE MAZAEDIUM WITHIN ASCOMYCOTA Prieto M. 1 , Baloch E. 1 , Wedin M. 1 1 Cryptogamic Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden Calicioid or mazaediate fungi constitute a very heterogeneous assemblage of diverse fungi sharing the presence of prototunicate asci and the production of a mazaedium. These mazaediate fungi were once treated as an order of Ascomycota (Caliciales) but many are now known to be nested within Arthoniomycetes, Eurotiomycetes and Lecanoromycetes, thus, confirming the hight polyphyly of the group. In this study we utilize multigene phylogenetic analyses (based on nuLSU, ITS, mtSSU, RPB1 and mcm7) of all major mazaediate groups to study the evolution of the mazaedium, and we focus particularly on the remaining mazaediate families of unclear position within the Ascomycota. (3A-P11) Submission ID: IAL0166-00001 IDENTITY OF ENDOCARPON PULVINATUM, THE ONLY SUBFRUTICOSE VERRUCARIACEAE Heiðmarsson S. 1 , Miadlikowska J. 2 , Lutzoni F. 2 1 Akureyri Division, Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Akureyri, Iceland 2 Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States Endocarpon (Verrucariaceae) comprises lichenized species which are characterized by a squamulose or subfruticose thallus, muriform ascospores and the presence of hymenial algae. Endocarpon pulvinatum was described by T. Fries from Norway in 1861 and is distributed in the northern part of Scandinavia, Central Europe, Iceland and on higher altitudes in North America. The species is unique in Verrucariaceae with its subfruticose habitus, bearing some resemblance to the rare North American species Endocarpon tortuosum. Phylogeny of Verrucariaceae is being scrutinised at present and several new genera have been proposed such as Atla, Hydropunctaria and Wahlenbergiella. Phylogenetic analysis have indicated that some of the present genera within Verrucariaceae are polyphyletic although there has not been any indications until now that Endocarpon could be polyphyletic. Five loci were sequenced (ITS, ncLSU, mtSSU, RPB1 and Mcm7) from few specimens of E. pulvinatum collected in Iceland. Phylogenetic analyses where conducted in order to reveal the placement of E. pulvinatum within the Verrucariaceae. The results indicate that E. pulvinatum does not belong to Endocarpon but should rather be placed in Staurothele, a crustose genus which shares muriform spores and presence of hymenial algae with Endocarpon. 156
The 7 th International Association for Lichenology Symposium 2012 (3A-P12) Submission ID: IAL0166-00002 PHYLOGENY OF MARINE VERRUCARIACEAE BASED ON MULTILOCUS ANALYSES Heiðmarsson S. 1 , Gueidan C. 2 , Miadlikowska J. 3 , Thüs H. 2 , Lutzoni F. 3 1 Akureyri Division, Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Akureyri, Iceland 2 Botany Department, Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom 3 Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, United States Verrucariaceae comprises mainly crustose lichens although some of its members can be squamulose, foliose or even subfruticose. Lichenicolous lifestyle is furthermore found in this family. The genus Verrucaria was for long suspected to be polyphyletic, which was confirmed with molecular methods by Gueidan et al. (2009). Several species of Verrucaria s. lat. do occur on intertidal cliffs and rocks. Some species are also inundated most of the time. Two new genera, Hydropunctaria and Wahlenbergiella, include these maritime species. In Iceland 12 species of Verrucaria s.lat have been reported growing in maritime habitats. Two of those species belong to Hydropunctaria (H. amphibia and H. maura) while other two species belong to Wahlenbergiella, (W. mucosa and W. striatula). Five loci were sequenced (ITS, ncLSU, mtSSU, RPB1 and Mcm7) from more than 30 maritime specimens, mainly collected from the North Atlantic coast of Iceland in order to reveal the generic affinities of the maritime species of Verrucaria s.lat. occurring in the North Atlantic. Furthermore several specimens where included from coastal habitats of the southern hemisphere (Antarctica, Chile and Tasmania) to determine their phylogenetic relationships. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that most of the maritime species belong to Wahlenbergiella, Hydropunctaria on the other hand seems to comprise mainly species growing in freshwater habitats except for H. amphibia, H. maura and the Mediterranean species H. adriatica. (3A-P13) Submission ID: IAL0166-00003 DERMATOCARPON ARNOLDIANUM AND D. INTESTINIFORME IN CENTRAL EUROPE Heiðmarsson S. 1 , Thüs H. 2 1 Akureyri Division, Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Akureyri, Iceland 2 Botany Department, Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom Dermatocarpon arnoldianum and D. intestiniforme, which have been proposed to be synonyms of D. miniatum, were studied and compared to other specimens of the D. miniatum complex. The synonymization were based on material from the Nordic countries and partly from North America while material from Central Europe has not been studied earlier concerning the delimitation of the two taxa. Dermatocarpon arnoldianum was described from northern Norway by Degelius in 1934 while D. intestiniforme was described by Körber from Central Europe in 1859 as Endocarpon intestiniforme. The purpose of this study is to reveal whether the two names represent monophyletic taxa that can be recognized by morphological characters. Phylogenetic analysis based on four loci viz. ITS, LSU, RPB1 and Mcm7 where conducted. Eight specimens of the two species from the Alps were sequenced for the study and compared to 46 other specimens belonging to the D. miniatum complex from different locations world-wide. Substantial variation were detected in the sequences, especially in the ITS. Morphological study was conducted and comparison made with type material of both taxa. The results indicate that D. arnoldianum auct. in the Alps is an undescribed taxon, different from the Norwegian type, while the identity of D. intestiniforme is more questionable. 157 3A-P
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The 7 th IAL Symposium 2012 Lichens
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The 7 th International Association
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Report The 7 th International Assoc
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